高考英语虚拟语气ppt课件

Subjunctivemood,1,ItlooksasifHarryPotterwereagrown-up.,Isheagrown-up?,IwisheverydaywereSunday.,IseverydaySunday?,2,这种表示假定、想象、愿望等的非事实观念的语气就叫虚拟语气。,英语的语气分三大类：陈述语气：用来叙述一件事实。祈使语气：表达说话人的请求或命令。虚拟语气：表示说话人的愿望,假设,猜测或建议,而不是表示客观存在的事实。,3,虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法:,(一)用于条件状语从句,1、真实条件句和虚拟条件句,真实条件句：IfIhavetime,Ishall(will)gotoseeyou.,Ifyoumove,Illshootyou.,虚拟条件句:,IfIwereabird,Iwouldflythere.,IfIwereastudent,Iwoulddoit.,4,If+主语+动词过去式（be动词一律用were),主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形,If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+would/should/could/might+have+过去分词,动词的过去式或should/wereto+动词原形,主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形,2、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法,5,eg.IfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.,Ifhehadtime,hewouldattendthemeeting.,Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethim.,Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.,Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.,6,（1）当条件状语从句的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。(混合时间条件句),eg.Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,youwouldbequiteallrightnow.(从句指过去,主句指现在)IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.,注意,7,（2）从句省略if,用倒装句式“were,had,should+主语”,eg.WereIinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.,Hadyoubeenhereearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.,Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome.,注意,8,(3)含蓄条件句：虚拟条件暗含在介词短语或上下文中，从句不表现出来。,eg.Icouldnevergotocollegewithouthishelp.,Butfor(要不是)yourhelp,weshouldhavefailed.,Iwouldhavevisitedyoulastweek,butIwassobusy.,(=IfIhadnotbeensobusy,),注意,(=Iftherewerenothishelp),(=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp),ButthatIsaw,Iwouldnthavebelievedit.,(=IfIhadntseenit),Iwasillthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavecome.,(=IfIhadntbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavecome.),9,(4)特殊结构的条件句,Ifitwerenotfor,eg.Ifitwerenotforhishelp,Icouldnevergotocollege.,Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,weshouldhavefailed.,“如果没有”,表示同现在事实相反的假设,Ifithadnotbeenfor,“如果当时没有”,与过去事实相反的假设,注意,10,(5)Ifonly(“要是多好呀”)引导的感叹句,eg.IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice!,我要是听他的话就好了!,IfonlyIhadwings!,Ifonly+主语+,过去完成（与过去相反）,过去式（与现在或将来相反）,注意,(itwouldhavebeenbetter),11,(二）wish引导的宾语从句,wish引导的宾语从句,1.与现在事实相反:,过去式(be多用were),2.与过去事实相反:,had+过去分词,3.与将来事实相反:,would+动词原形,eg.Iwisheveryonewereactiveinthelesson.IwishIhaddonebetterinthemid-termexam.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.,12,(三)几种常用虚拟语气的句型:,1.动词+宾语从句,一个坚持:,insist坚持(应该/做),两个命令:,order,command,三个建议:,suggest,propose,advise,四个要求:,desire,demand,ask,require,宾语从句中用(should)+动词原形,2.与上述动词相对应的名词如：,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea,command,request等后接的表语从句/同位语从句。,表语从句,同位语从句中用(should)+动词原形,13,(三)几种常用虚拟语气的句型:,3.Itis/was+上述动词的过去分词(suggested,demanded等）+that主语从句,主语从句中用(should)+动词原形,主语从句中用(should)+动词原形,4.Itis/was+adj./n.如：important,necessary,natural,possible,strange,apity/ashame,nowonder,desirable,14,注意:insist作“坚持认为”，“坚持说”解，suggest表示“表明”，“暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。,eg.Mikeinsistedthathehadneverstolenanything.,Weinsistedthatshe(should)gowithus.,Janespalefacesuggestedthatshewasill,andherparentssuggestedthatshehaveamedicalexamination.,15,(四)asif/though引导的状语从句,注：asif/though表示“有可能实现的事实”时，从句用陈述语气。,eg.Itissocloudy.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.,asif/though引导的状语从句,1.与现在事实相反:,过去式(be多用were),2.与过去事实相反:,had+过去分词,3.与将来事实相反:,would+动词原形,16,（五）Itistimethat句式的虚拟语气形式,动词过去式（be多用were）或should+动词原形,(不能省),eg.Itstimethatyoushouldgotoschool.,went,17,（七）虚拟语气在简单句中的应用,1）表