人教课标版 高中英语定语从句复习ppt课件.ppt

定语从句复习,定语从句定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有：when,where,why等。,ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.ThebookwhichIamreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.,定语从句考点一：whose的用法whose在定语从句中作定语，whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+n.Ilikethedresswhosecolorisblue.=Ilikethedressthecolorofwhichisblue.=Ilikethedressofwhichthecolorisblue.,考点二：判断关系代词与关系副词,方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.,判断改错1.ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.2.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.3.Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.4.Illneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.,F,F,T,T,方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。Isthisthemuseum_youvisitedafewdaysage?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。,(1)如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：Allthatarepresentburstintotears.(2)先行词有两个，既有人也有物，要用that。Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwerememberedinourschool.,考点三：关系代词that和which的区别,1.宜用that引导的定语从句,(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIeverhad.(4)先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no等修饰。Anypaperthatyoureadwillgivethesamestory.(5)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰。ThisistheverybookthatIwanttobuy.(6)句子中已经有who或which时。WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?,2.宜用which引导的定语从句当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which。(介词后不能跟that)Thehouseinwhichtheylivedlastyearhasbeenrebuilt.引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。Heboughtarailwayticketforthewoman,whichhelpedheralot.,考点四：as,which引导非限定性定从由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首，which在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.,Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.heItrainedhardyesterday,_preventedmefromgoingtothepark.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it,as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：(1)as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如，正像”的意思,而which一般译为“这一点”。(2）as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。,(3)当先行词受such,thesame修饰时，常用asIhaveneverheardsuchastoryashetells.Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.ThisisthesamebookasIlostlastweek.注意：当先行词由thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同。SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMaryswedding.她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。,考点五：区分定语从句和同位语从句1定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系(1)TheplanethathasjusttakenoffisforLondon.定语从句(2)Thefactthathehasbeendeadisclear.同位语从句,2定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when,where,how,why,whether,what等词引导，充当成分(1)Thenewshetoldmeistrue.(2)Thenewsthathehasjustdiedistrue.(3)Theproblemthatwearefacingnowishowwecancollectsomuchmoney.(4)Theproblemhowwecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve.,定从,同从,定从,同从,Exercises,Motherboughtmeadictionaryonmybirthday,_mademeveryhappy.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.which2.Lookatthewatch.Dontyouseeitis_watch_Helenlosttheotherday?A.asthesame;asB.thesame;asC.thesame;whichD.asthesame;that3._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What,4.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it5.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown,_hegrewupasachild.whichB.whereC.thatD.when6.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis,7.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_didnthelp.A.whichB.itC.sheD.he8._isreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogre