人教新课标必修1第五单元语法课件.ppt

,Unit5NelsonMandelaPeroid5GrammarTheAttributiveClause,Revision,1.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.Which2.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady_comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose,3.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what4.Whatsthenameoftheman_?A.youborrowedhiscarB.whichcaryouborrowedC.whosecaryouborrowedD.hiscaryouborrowed,5.All_weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom6.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what,7.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when8.Idontliketheway_youspeaktoher.A.thatB.inthatC.whoD.whose,9.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that10.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons_noneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that,11.Whoistheperson_istalkingabouttheaccident_happenedonHighway104?A.which;whichB.who;whatC.that;thatD.what;what,12.Thebaby_trousersareredisJack.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what13.Thisisourschool_weloveverymuch.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose,关系词的作用关系词有三个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词，三、在定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,关系代词（副词）在定从中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.,5.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.,关系副词的用法,EliasfirstmetMandelain1952.,Hewas12yearsoldin1952.,EliasfirstmetMandelain1952whenhewas12yearsold.,WhendidEliasfirstmeetMandela?Andhowoldwashe?,先行词,关系副词,定语从句,主句,August8th,2008isthedaywhenthe29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.,先行词,1.August8th,2008istheday2.The29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijingontheday.,定语从句,关系副词,August8th,2008isthedayonwhichthe29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.,IstillremembertheholidayswhenIstayedwiththem.when=duringtheholidaysIstillremembertheholidaysduringwhichIstayedwiththem.,duringwhich,when,duringwhich=duringtheholidays,小结：when在定语从句中作时间状语，只能跟在表时间的词的后面（如：time,day,week,month,etc.）相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”when=in/at/on/during+which,July28,1976thedaytheearthquakehappeninTangshan,July28,1976isthedaytheearthquakehappenedinTangshan.,when,/onwhich,Theschoolwas3kilometersaway.,Eliasstudiedintheschoolfor2years.,TheschoolwhereEliasstudiedfortwoyearswas3kilometersaway.,2.HowfarwasEliasschool?HowlongdidEliasstudyintheschool?,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,Beijingisthecity_the2008OlympicGameswasheld.,where,Beijingisthecitywherethe2008OlympicGameswasheld.,Beijingisthecity.,The2008OlympicGameswasheldinthecity.,Beijingisthecityinwhichthe2008OlympicGameswasheld.,定语从句,ThecountywhereourschoollocatediscalledXinfeng.,定语从句,1.ThecountyiscalledXinfeng2.OurschoollocatedinXinfeng.,结论：where=inwhich:inXinfeng,小结：where在定语从句中作地点状语常跟在表示地点的名词后面(如：place,school,factory,room,etc.)，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。地点where=at/in/on+which,以下名词之后也通常用where/inwhich引导的定语从句：situation,case,point,position,article,sentence,line,word,queue等等。,Wewereputinapositioninwhich/wherewehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.,Theyareinsuchasituationwhereeverythingisindisorder.ThepolicearelookingintothecasewheretwoVIPswerekilled.Canyoumakeasentencewherethisverbcanbeused?Theywereatthepointwhere/atwhichtheyhadtodecidewhattodenext.Inthesupermarket,wealwaysseealongqueuewherepeoplearewaitingfirthingsonsale.,Cambridge/world-famousuniversity/XuZhimostudies,Cambridgeisaworld-famousuniversity_XuZhimostudies.,where,inwhich,Becausehisfamilycouldntpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.,ThereasonwhyEliaslefthisschoolwasthathisfamilycouldntpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.,Thereasonwhywasthat,3.WhydidEliasleavehisschool?,关系副词,先行词,定语从句,Thereasonwasdestroyedisthattyphoonhit,Thereason_Zhejiangwasdestroyedisthatthetyphoonhitit.,浙江,罗莎,why,ThereasonwhyZhejiangwasdestroyedisthatthetyphoonhitit.,Thereasonisthatthetyphoonhitit.Zhejiangwasdestroyedforthereason.,forwhich,定语从句,关系副词,先行词,Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.,关系副词,why=forthereason,定语从句,先行词,forwhich,小结：Why通常跟在reason后引导定语从句,作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词(which)”。,关系副词的用法,时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。,关系代词和关系副词的选择,第一步：先判断是什么从句(牢固树立这一概念后，可减少很多不该出现的错误。),第二步：是关系代词，还是关系副词关键是如何选择关系词。,方法一依据在从句中所做的成分关系代词(that，which，who，whom等)主要用作主语和宾语；关系副词(when，where，why)主要用作状语；作定语时用whose。,方法二：完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。,ThisisthevillagewhereIstayedlastyear.Thisisthemountainvillagewhich/thatIvisitedlastyear.,第三步：看先行词如选择关系代词：是人还是物如选择关系副词：地点时间原因（reason),是用关系代词还是关系副词1May1istheday_Illneverforget2May1istheday_wespenttogether3May1istheday_IjoinedthearmyAthat/whichBwhen,A,A,B,误：Thisisthehousewherewelivedinlastyear,正：Thisisthehousewhichthatwelivedinlastyear译：这是我们去年住过的那个房子。,a.Thisistheplace_heworks.Thisistheplace_wevisitedlastyear.b.October1isaday_wewillneverforget.October1isaday_ournewChinawasfounded.,Makecomparison,where,which(that),when,that(which),c.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.Thisisthereason_hegaveus,先行词在定语从句中的成分不同,引导词不同。,why/forwhich,that(which),定语从句中的主谓一致,主语和谓语一致Theseasonthatcomesafterspringissummer.Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismyson.Theboyswhoarestandingatthedoorismysons.Iwhoamyourgoodfriendwillhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.,2、Thisisoneofthebestbooksthathaveeverbeenwrittenonthesubject.Thisistheonlyoneofthebestbooksthathaseverbeenwrittenonthesubject,HeisoneofthestudentswhoknowFrench.HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowsFrench.,关系代词前的介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImsure.,关系代词前介词的确定,关系代词前介词的确定:,Thegirl_whomhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_whomIthinkyoucandepend.,for,on,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.,with,2.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?,3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.,Therate_whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.,at,inthefrontof,4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“名词/数词/代词+of+which/whom”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.,Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof_waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_Idontunderstand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom,5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.,Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.,Thereare20studentsinthisclass,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,Ex.,1.Atthetopofthemountainthereisasmallhouse_wecanseethebeautifulscenery.2.Whostheman_youshookhandsjustnow?3.Iwillrememberthetime_Ifirstbecameahighschoolstudent.4.Hedidntgivethereason_hewaslate.,inwhich,withwhom,atwhich,forwhich,Prep.+which/whom,Practice,1.Thereason_hedidntpasstheexamwasthathedidntstudyhard.A.whichB.inwhichC.forwhichD.ofwhich2.Theschool_mysisterstudiesatisfarfromhere.A.whereB.thatC.atwhichD.inwhich,3.thedaysaregoneforever_weusedforeignoil.A.whenB.th