egelwes英语_四级的一些注意问题.doc

| You have to believe, there is a way. The ancients said: the kingdom of heaven is trying to enter. Only when the reluctant step by step to go to it s time, must be managed to get one step down, only have struggled to achieve it. - Guo Ge Tech英语四级的一些注意问题，特此总结第一部分是写作，占整套试题分值的15%，答题时间是30分钟，分为14分，12分，8分，6分，2分，和0分四个档次，关于作文的模板还有范文前边已经给你发过去了，好好背背，特别注意的是一定要把单词写工整写清楚，都是从高考战场上走下来的孩子，一定知道书写的重要性！第二部分是快速阅读，占整套试题分值的10%，有7个选择题和3个填空题，其中填空题单词拼写错误不给分，答题时间是15分钟。这个的方法是先把后边的题目看一遍，从我做了这么多套真题的经验来看，一般第一道题的答案都在文章的第一段。这道题最大的特点就是文章长，生词多，让人看了头疼，不过没关系，先看题目在读文章感觉会好很多。还有后边的填空题答案大多在文章的最后几段，大多数都能从文中找到答案，细心点，别着急。这时候会收一次卷子，然后试音，发听力的卷子第三部分是听力理解，这是最让我头疼和纠结滴部分，唉！占整套试题分值的35%分为听力对话和听力短文两部分，听力对话又有长短之分，各有8个。短文10个，其中填词7个，填句子3个。1在听录音填句子的时候，尽量多写，写出来就会有相应的分数。2在听力的对话部分，要遵守视听反向原则，就是听到的不选！3在场景对话和听力短文中，要遵守视听基本原则，就是说你听到的东西被看到同时看到的东西又被听到，某一个选项被集中的单词很多，则一般选这个选项 4在听力小对话中，第二句话永远是重点， 5记住一句话：横着看选项永远没有竖着看选项快！第四部分是仔细阅读，占整套试题分值的25%，一共有3篇，第一篇是选词填空的，我习惯性先跳过去因为太浪费时间，等候两篇选择做完再反过来写它，做这个题的技巧 势一定要看文章的前两段还有最后一句，不仅要看还要看懂。还有转折连词后面的东西，这就是考点！想文章中举的例子什么的可看可不看基本上都是浪费时间的第五部分完形填空，占整套试题分值的10%，20个选择填空题，比较纠结，记住要注意文章前后的联系，一般前边出现的词很有可能后面就给你选项让你选，是在不行就去前面找，还有就是凭着语感去选，遇到生词的话不要着急，默读几遍觉得那个顺嘴就选哪个，要有信心最后是翻译，占整套试题分值的5%五个小题，汉译英，其实就是些语法的考察和词组的翻译，注意时态语态问题。我比较不擅长这个题目，好在是在最后一题不然非要影响我情绪试卷基本情况就是这样了，其实也没啥，别紧张，一定要都写上，尤其是听力！别管听到没听到，蒙也要蒙上。大学四级听力场景词汇归纳总结1. 学校场景的背景基本知识学生场景freshman 大一学生graduate student / postgraduate student 研究生masters degree 硕士学位bachelors degree 学士学位doctor student / doctor candidate 博士研究生post doctor student 博士后alumni / alumnus 校友老师场景professor 教授teaching fellow 讲师tutor / mentor / director / super visor 导师dean 系主任department 系president 校长staff 全体员工(商店、企业)faculty 全体教职员工2. 上课、选课、听讲座、听报告场景take the course 选课drop the course 退课register 注册sign up for the course 选课Pick up = learncancel 取消full 报满selective course / elective course / optional course 选修课sophomore 大学二年级生, 有二年经验的junior student 大三学生senior student 大四学生，高年级undergraduate student 本科生requirement / required course / compulsory 必修课lecture 讲座seminar 讨论班credit 学分introductory course 初级课程advanced course 高级课程math 数学 computer course 计算机psychology course 心理学physics 物理学economics 经济computer science 计算机科学sociology 社会学geology 地质学chemistry 化学biology 生物学biochemistry 生物化学science 理科3、作业场景homework / assignment / projectbook report 读书报告presentation 课堂发言reading list 书单turn in / hand in hand 上交deadline 最后期限due 到期extension 延期paper 论文 / essay 小论文term paper 学期报告thesis 毕业论文proposal 开题报告4、考试场景Exammid-term exam 期中考试final exam 期末考试quiz 测验pop quiz 不提前通知的考试grade / score 分数pass 及passing grade 及格分failing grade 失败GPA 平均学分积make up exam 补考cheat 作弊5、 图书馆场景shelf 书stack 书库reading room 阅览室reference room 参考书阅览室periodical room 期刊阅览室copier 复印机study lounge 自习室librarian 图书馆长, 图书管理员catalogue 书目index 索引volume 卷，宗library card 借书卡writing permission 书面许可book reservation 借书check out 外借over due 超renew 续借fine 罚款return 还书put on reserve 被限制在馆内阅读magazine 杂志journal 期刊periodical 期刊quarterly 季刊current issue 现刊back issue 过刊latest number 最新一author 作者subject 题目title 名字key words 关键字 最新大学英语四级考试大纲规定听力理解部分的语速约为每分钟130词。另外，从题型设置上看，每个长对话涉及的内容更加复杂，一般不能简单依赖某个关键词来判断整篇对话的含义。可以说，一人一句的短对话涉及的只是一个“点”，而长对话涉及的是一个“面”。短对话的答案一般是“显而易见”的，而长对话有时更依赖于推断和判断。对长对话的题型分析，要依据对话场景的不同，对长对话进行分类，才有助于我们“面”的掌握。英语是一种模式化的语言，固定的场景的词汇和表达也相对比较固定，平时注意积累场景高频词汇和习惯表达，在四级听力部分可以做到未听先知的状态。解题步骤（1）通过预读选项信息，能迅速把握它们的内在联系，从而预测所听对话材料的基本内容，并且从各个问题间的内在联系提炼出对话的中心思想，更好地理解个检测点的细节。下面两点值得特别关注： a.注意重复的词语，这些词通常会给你一些线索，还会帮助你回忆起你在题目中听过的名称；b.注意各个选项中的不同点，注意一些不同的名字，地点及不同的动词，这些不同之处将会帮你确定这道题中哪些是你要听的关键。（2）把握做题的节奏。做题的节奏在听力中比在其他部分要重要得多，每一项提问的时间间隔都是相同的，这就暗示着答题的节奏感。做到答题的节奏与提问的节奏相一致，一旦答题的节奏落后了，就会手忙脚乱，出错的几率大大增加。（3）提高短期记忆能力，学会脑笔同记，边听边记和一系列适用自己的记忆方法。（4）熟悉各种固定的提问形式，根据对话的发展预测可能提出的问题。大学四级听力场景词汇归纳总结I 学习选课场景1. 课程考试类 enrollment/registration 注册 semester/term 学期tuition 学费credit system 学分制 course guideline 课程纲要 course, coursework 课程 syllabus 教学大纲class, classroom 班，课 text, textbook 课文，教科书 exercise, practice 练习 handout(s) 分发的教材 required course 必修课 optional/elective course 选修课major 主修 minor 副修 exemption 免修Day course 白天的课Evening course 晚上的课class discussion 课堂讨论seminar 研讨会、研究小组workshop 讲习班take attendance 点名have a lecture 上课 cut a class 逃课 miss a class 错过了课midterm 期中考试、期中的；finals 期末考试make up 补考test测验，pop test 事先没有说好的测验quiz 小测验oral test 口试subjective test 主观性测试 objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验 elementary 初级intermediate 中级advanced 高级考试临近drawing near考试延期或取消 delay / be off / hold up / postpone / put off /2. 分数类diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书 grade （mark 、score） 分数 count for 50% of your scoreperfect grade 优异成绩 low grade 低分 high mark 高分 passing grade 及格分 failing grade 不及格分 full marks 满分 straight As 全A be all As and Bs 全是A和B B plus B 加 A minus A 减 pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试 graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业 3. 作业类thesis/essay/dissertation 论文 assignment 作业 homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业 lab report 实验报告 book report 读书报告 presentation 发言 term paper 学期论文 project 作业 broad (论文等)内容宽泛的 narrow down (论文等)缩小范围 4. 学科类Mathematics 数学 physics 物理 chemistry 化学 biology 生物学 geography 地理学 electronics 电子学 computer science 计算机科学 astronomy 天文学 electronics engineering 电子工程学 botany 植物学 psychology 心理学 zoology 动物学 architecture 建筑学 oceanography 海洋学 ecology 生态学 medical science 医学 archaeology 考古学 history 历史学 linguistics 语言学 pedagogics 教育学，教学法 anthropology 人类学 economics 经济学 statistics 统计学 accounting 会计学 philosophy 哲学 II图书馆场景library 图书馆 librarian 图书管理员 library card 借书证 publication 出版物 periodical 期刊 magazine 杂志 reference book 参考书book catalogue 图书目录 classified catalogue 分类目录 bibliography 参考书目 index 检索subject 主题author作者title index 书目索引 alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引 stack 书库loan desk 借书处 circulation 流通 periodical reading room 期刊阅览室 reference room参考阅览室back issue 过期杂志 current issue 近期杂志 reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅） non-fiction 非小说类文学作品 science-fiction 科幻小说 lend / borrow借书return 还书check out 办理（借、还）手续 overdue 过期 fine 罚金renew 续借on loan/ in circulation已借出overdue fine 过期罚金 copier 复印机 III交通运输场景police officer 交警plane / train / bus / bike / walk / taxi交通工具（出现频率从高到低）express way 高速公路subway（美） / underground （英） 地铁metro 地道overhead 轻轨flyover 人行天桥one way street 单行道ring road 环线tunnel / channel 隧道fare 车票license 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞overtake 超车over speed 超速car accident事故ticket 罚单Used car 旧车afford买的起Give sb a ride搭车Taxi/cab出租车break down抛锚flat tire暴胎fix/repair修理garage 修车场damage损害dead 报废survive 活下来minor injury 轻伤 IV电话场景mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页operator 总机extension 分机dial/ press（拨/按电话号码）put through 接通wrong number记错号码hold on 不要挂断take / leave a message 留言hang up / get off 挂断answering machine自动答录机collect call 对方付费电话 long-distance call 长途电话overseas call 越洋电话， mobile / cell phone 手机 give sb a call / ring 给某人打电话the line is busy / engaged 占线 V机场场景plane 飞机book 订票check in 登记one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票， non-stop / direct flight 直航timetable 时间表destination 目的地see off 送行keep in touch 保持联系security check 安检confirm the flight 确认航班board 登机take off 起飞departure 离港safety / sect belt 安全带land 着陆safe landing 安全着陆arrival 进港pick up 接机boarding card 登机牌transfer / lay over / stop over 转机， first / business / economy cabin 头等 / 商务 / 经济 舱 VI.打工场景job vacancy 有空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历basic / personal information. 基本信息/个人资料， academic background 教育背景work experience 工作经验certificates证书interview 面试offer 聘用信post / position工作职位work overtime 加班， ask for a raise 加钱wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus奖金， allowance 津贴annual income 年收入promotion 升职fire 解雇resign work / job / career / course辞职vacation 休假sick leave 病假rest 休息break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息coffee break away 离开一会VII租房场景live on campus 住校ive off campus 住校外apartment公寓dorm宿舍for sale 可销售的房子for rent / lease 可出租的房子accommodation 住宿rent 租金utilities 水电费location 位置suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心condition 住房条件furnished 配家具unfurnished 无装修leaking 漏水blackout 断电environment 环境transportation 交通land lord 房东tenant 房客roommate 室友好的室友要求：neat 整洁的 considerate 体贴的，不好的室友：messy 脏乱的， noisy 吵闹的active and sociable积极的，乐于交际的， talkative能说会道的，have a lot on her mind有很多共同点just the opposite恰恰相反 in a bad mood心情不好has a very bad temper脾气坏get along well with相处很好compatible能相容的hit it off 一开始就相处很好keep it to oneself 闷在心里 VIII医院场景see a doctor 去医院看医生health center / clinic 卫生所 / 门诊部physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生 dentist 牙医medical result 诊断结果make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊check up / exam 检查cold感冒flu 流感headache 头痛sore throat嗓子痛fever发烧toothache牙疼stomachache胃疼prescribe 开药方fill the prescription抓药pill / tablet 药片injection / shot 注射operation 手术take two of these pills three times a day一日三次，一次两片 IX宾馆场景make a reservation预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订，cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked / full up / full 客满porter 行旅员reception 前台check in 登记入住check out 退房single room 单人房double room 一张大床的双人房twin room 两张单人床的双人房suite 套房bathroom卫生间toilet / restroom 厕所room service 客房服务tips 小费lounge 男士用休息区lobby 大堂business center 商务中心salon 美容厅room service 客房服务部ball 舞厅bar 酒吧 X邮局场景post /send 寄letter/mail 信registered mail 挂号信regular mail 平信stamp 邮票airmail 航空信parcel / package 包裹telegram / cable 电报rate 费率postage 邮资overweight 超重email 电子邮件， reply 回复forward 转发cc（carbon copy）bcc（blind carbon copy）抄送subject 主题attach 附件 XI 购物场景：Store /department store商店supermarket超市Shopping center/ shopping mall购物中心shop assistant售货员discount/off打折 out of stock卖完了Bargain便宜货，style/size/color款式、大小、颜色large/medium/small大号中号小号Exchange调换a clearance sale清仓处理 XII 天气场景：Climate气候weather forecast天气预报sunny晴天clear up 变晴Mild / agreeable 温和的cloudy 阴天shower/downpour阵雨/大雨Thunder/lightening 打雷/闪电windy/strong wind多风的/强风Snowstorm暴风雪foggy/dense/heavy fog雾天/浓雾warm up 转暖wet 潮湿humid潮湿get worse天气恶化unusual 不同寻常的天气heavy snow 大雪 XIII饮食场景：Fast food快餐fried food 油炸食品apple pie苹果派 Pizza 比萨appetizer开胃菜 vegetable salad 蔬菜沙拉 Soup汤 dessert 甜点ice cream冰淇淋 Pudding布丁 seasoning调料 dish 菜delicious/tasty/terrific好吃 horrible/awful/disgusting 难吃 Waiter/waitress 服务生menu菜单 chef厨师 Order点菜 book/make a reservation预定tip小费 Fork/spoon/knife餐具 restaurant 饭馆 cafeteria 自助餐厅School dining hall学生食堂 eat out下馆子 full/done 吃饱了Snack bar快餐小吃店 Lets go Dutch/go 50-50/split the bill AA制be on diet 节食 todays special 今日特餐 specialty 招牌菜French fires 炸薯条 bacon 熏肉 fried egg 煎蛋butter 奶油 beverages 饮料 orange juice 橘子汁soft drink 汽水 mineral water 矿泉水 coffee 咖啡ice-cream 冰淇淋 coffee pot 咖啡壶 paper towel 纸巾table cloth 桌布 tea set 茶具 dish 碟plate 盘 chopsticks 筷子 soup spoon 汤匙knife 餐刀 toothpick 牙签 curry rice 咖喱饭fried rice 炒饭 watermelon 西瓜 pear 梨子peach 桃子 cherry 樱桃 apple 苹果grape 葡萄 salt 盐 sugar 糖sweet 甜 bitter 苦 dinner 正餐breakfast 早餐 lunch 午餐 brunch 早午餐steak 牛排 well done 全熟 medium 五分熟rare 三分熟 beer 啤酒 brandy 白兰地whisky 威士忌 meat 肉 beef 牛肉chicken 鸡肉 mutton 羊肉 bread 面包noodles 面条 vegetable 蔬菜 sandwich 三明治toast 土司 hamburger 汉堡 cake 蛋糕XIV旅游场景：mountains山 deserts沙漠 tropical rain forests热带雨林historical interest旅游胜地 beaches沙滩 coastal areas沿海地区river河流 lake湖泊 public transport公共交通book the room(make a reservation)订房间beaches海滩credit card信用卡Visa维萨卡MasterCard万事达American Express美国运通hot springs温泉waterfalls瀑布castle城堡swimming, diving潜水 跳水surfing冲浪, XV服装种类： clothing 衣服总称 costume 传统服装；戏服 suit 一套男（女）服 tie 领带 jacket 茄克衫 T-shirt 短袖圆领汗衫（运动衫） pants(trousers) 裤子；长裤 jeans 牛仔裤 uniform 制服 underwear (undergarment) 内衣 stockings 长统袜 down jacket 羽绒服 sweater 毛衣 gloves 手套 scarf 围巾 sandals 凉鞋 slippers 拖鞋 boots 皮靴 sneakers = gym shoes 运动鞋 running shoes 跑步鞋 sewing 缝纫 formal = spiffy 正式的 casual 休闲的 navy blue 海军蓝的large 大号的 medium 中号的 small 小号的tight 紧的 loose = baggy 宽松的 wool 羊毛：毛线 cotton 棉制 harsh chemicals 刺激性化学物质 striped 带条纹一、提纲式作文 1对立观点式A有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？B有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？C我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 二、批驳观点式A一个错误观点。B 我不同意。Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 三、社会问题（现象）式A一个社会问题或者现象。B 产生的原因C对社会和我们生活的影响D 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话）E 前景的预测。Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated（表达） in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will .图表式作文It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一个原因). More importantly, (第二个原因). Most important of all, (第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).辩论式议论文模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1.More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2.Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版3 There is no consensus 一致of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（观念） is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。Furthermore, 论据2。Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测 常用句型：1 表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this 2）The reasons for this are as follows 3）The reason for this is obvious 4）The reason for this is not far to seek 5）The reason for this is that 6）We have good reason to believe that 例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注：如考生写