语法--省略 课件.ppt

Unit10FrighteningNature,GrammarEllipsis,江西省永丰中学高怀学,简单句中的省略,1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。,(1)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(It)Doesntmatter.(4)(I)Begyourpardon.,简单句中的省略,2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分,(1)(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Isthere)Anythingwrong?(3)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(4)What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?(5)Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?,简单句中的省略,3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have:,(1)Areyougoingthere?-Yes,Idliketo(gothere).(2)Hedidntgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).(3)Areyouanengineer?-No,butIwanttobe.(4)Hehasntfinishedthetaskyet.-Well,heoughttohave.,简单句中的省略,4、省略表语,(1)Areyouthirsty?-Yes,Iam(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherisntlazy,norishissister(lazy).,5、同时省略几个成分,(1)Letsmeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.(2)-Haveyoufinishedyourwork?-(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.,主从复合句中的省略,1、主句中有一些乘法被省略,(1)(Im)Sorrytohearyouareill.(2)(Itsa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.,2、主句中有一些乘法被省略,(1)Ishecomingbacktonight?-Ithinkso.(2)Shemustbebusynow?-Ifso,shecantgowithus.(3)Isshefeelingbettertoday?-Imafraidnot.(4)Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?-Iguessnot.这种用法常见的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.,并列句中的省略,两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。,(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.,其他省略,1、连词的that省略,宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况。(2)在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略.另外，凡是进行时态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关系代词和be动词。,2、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分,When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.If(itis)necessaryIllexplaintoyouagain.,其他省略,3、不定式符号to的省略,并列的不定式可省去后面的to.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带.Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.（3）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to.Theboydidnothingbutplay.,其他省略,(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.,其他省略,(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。Allwecandonowis(to)wait.(6)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。Shefoundhimtobedishonest.,其他省略,4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。,Hadtheytime,theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(3）Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?,5、主