高考英语复习英语情态动词课件.ppt

,情态动词的学习,一、注意情态动词的推测用法推测性情态动词共有三个，其用法见表,例1：-AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?-Imnotsure.I_gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might,析：选D。Imnotsure.的语境表明把握性不大，当然我去参加音乐演奏会的可能性就比较小了，故不用must应用might,例2：-_thenewsbetrue?No,it_betrue.A.Can,cantB.May,cantC.May,maynotD.Must,mustnt,析：选A。因为前半句是疑问句，后半句为否定句，两空都不能使用may/might和must，应而用can和cant。,二、了解情态动词的完成式用法,（一）should/oughttohavedone本来应做而未做，表达遗憾感情色彩,例1：ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsI_forher.hadtowriteitoutmusthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout,析：选C。分析语境可知，口头上告知Sally如何去那里是不够的，所以我本应书面告知，却有没书面告知之，显得应使用should/oughttohavewritten表示遗憾之情。,例2：Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou,you_homewithoutaword.A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthaveleftD.needntleave,析:选B。由语境可知，我真的为你担心，所以你不应该一句话不说就离开家，但实际上你确实这么做了，显然应填shouldnt/oughttohaveleft，表示责备。,（二）may/mighthavedone可能已做musthavedone一定已做canthavedone不可能做,例1：-Whereismypen?-I_it.A.mightloseB.wouldnthavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost,例2：Thelightinhisroomisstillon,sohe_tobed.A.mustnthavegoneB.musthavegoneC.shouldnthavegoneD.canthavegone,析：选D。由于他房间里的灯还亮着推测，他不可能已经上床睡觉了，应填canthavegone。,（三）couldhavedone指本来能做而实际未做，表达遗憾的感情色彩,Youcouldatleasthavesentfivecards.你至少可以寄5张明信片的。,四、熟悉情态动词委婉用法：could,would,might等情态动词均有委婉用法，它们不是过去式而是表示语气委婉、客气、礼貌，常用与疑问句，并多用于习惯表达，如wouldyouplease,wouldyoumind,wouldyouliketo等，might还可以用于肯定句表示推测，表示可能性小，might和could表示征求对方意见时，回答必须还成may,can.,例1：-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou_.A.mightB.willC.canD.should,析：选C。该句用can的委婉表达式could来征求对方意见，could和might通用，但回答时必须还成can或may，因此该题不选A.,例2：_youmindmysmokinghere?A.ShouldBCouldC.MightD.Would,析：选D。征求对方意见我是否在这儿吸烟，语气理应委婉，所以应选委婉的表达方式wouldyoumind来征求对方意见。,五、弄清情态动词的异化现象,有些情态用于疑问句进行回答时，出现了异化现象，此时回答在某个角度不能继续使用该情态动词，而改用别的动词。,例1：-MustIstartatonce?No,you_.A.needntB.mustntC.cantD.wont,析：A。由语境可知该答句表示“不必”，而mustnt表示“不准、禁止”，不符合语境，显然应使用neednt表示“不必”，但肯定句回答继续用must。,例2：-NeedIhandinmyexercisebookatonce?Yes,you_.A.mustB.needC.canD.will,析：选A。根据规定need用于一般疑问句作肯定回答应换成must,而作否定回答时，使用need的否定式neednt。,六、掌握征求意见情态动词的回答,不少情态动词可用于疑问句征求对方意见，但人称上有时有特殊要求，请看下表：,例1：-_ItellJohnaboutit?-No,youneednt.Ihavetoldhimalready.(NMET94)A.ShallB.WillC.CanD.May,析：选A。从回答句“No,youneednt”的语境可知，问句征求对方意见，表示“需要”而且用语第一人称，要使用shall。,例2：_youpleasehelpmewithmyEnglish?A.WouldB.DoC.ShallD.Can,析：A。次句表示追求对方意见，有“愿意”之意，而且又用于地二人称，应选用would。,情态动词,1.Aleftluggageofficeisaplacewherebags_beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will,2.How_yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may,3.Theroomissodirty._wecleanit?-Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do,B,A,B,4.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would,5.IsJohncomingbytrain?-Heshould,buthe_not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may,6.Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.-It_truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.wontbeC.couldtbeD.mustntbe,C,D,C,7.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_remainintheirseatsuntilallthepaperhavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall,8.IhearyouvegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins._Ihavealook?-Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should,9.Oh,Imfeelingwellinthestomach,I_somuchfriedchickenjusfnow.A.shouldnteatB.mustnthaveeatenC.shouldnthaveeatenD.mustnteat,D,B,C,10.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_homewithoutaword.A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthaveleftD.needntleave,11.Youcantimaginethatawell-behavedgentlemen_besorudetoalady.A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would,12.Writetomewhenyougethome.-_.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican,B,C,C,13.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How_itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must,14.AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?-Imnotsure.I_gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might,15.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_yourlecture.A.couldnthaveattendedB.neednthaveattendedC.mustnthaveattendedD.shouldnthaveattended,A,D,A,16.Sorry,Imlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will,17.Therewasalotoffunatyesterdaysparty.You_come,butwhydidntyou?A.musthaveB.shouldC.needhaveD.oughttohave,18.WhencanIcomeforthephotes?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoom.-They_bereadybyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need,A,D,B,19.IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.-Oh,didyou?You_withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed,20.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could,21.Jack_yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.A.mustnthavearrivedB.shouldnthavearrivedC.canthavearrivedD.neednthavearrived,A,C,C,22.Whenhewasthere,he_gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might,23.Sir,you_besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomanandchildrenonly.A.oughtnttoB.cantC.wontD.neednt,24.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack_behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can,25.Iwonderhowhe_thattotheteacher.A.dareto