一般现在时和一般过去时的区别.doc

一般现在时和一般过去时1.满招损,谦受益.Pride hurts, modesty benefits2.世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获.Nothing is to be got without pain but poverty.3.伟业非一日之功/冰冻三尺非一日之寒.Rome was not built in a day.一般现在时一、 定义与讲解一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时，at 在几点钟只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。三单变化：1.多数在动词后s play plays like likes（1）直接在动词词尾加-s. ask-asks；work-works；get-gets；stay-stays（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es. watch-watches；wish-wishes；fix-fixes； do-does； go-goes； pass-passes（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es. try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/swim-swims；help-helps；like-likes以辅音字母+o结尾的词加 -es读/z/goes,does以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es读/iz/watches,washes以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es读/z/study-studies不规则变化have和be动词变have 为 has变be为am,is,arehave-has be-am,is,are2.不规则变化：be- is are have-has二、一般现在时的用法1、一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语every day, usually, always, often, sometimes, on Sunday等连用。 如：I _ at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。2、 一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。 如：Summer_（follow） spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun _(rise) in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 The earth_ (move)around the sun . 注意：此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。3、 一般现在时表示格言或警句。 如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。4、 以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。 如：Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。5、在下列情况下表示将来： 1）在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 如：I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就交给他。 He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他,他会来的。 Suppose he doesnt agree，what shall we do?假如他不同意，那怎么办? I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。 He will continue the work no matter what happens. 不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。 批注：可结合主将从现进行讲解 2）在the morethe more (越越) 句型中,前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为前者相当于条件状语从句。 如：The harder you study, the better results you will get. 你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。 3）在make sure (certain), mind, care, matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 如：Make sure that you are not late again. 注意别再迟到了。 4）表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常有表示将来的时间状语。 如：The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20. 飞机十一点半起飞，一点二十分抵达上海。批注：只限于少数动词能这样用，如 begin, start, end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open等。 一般过去时一、一般过去时的定义表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内发生的动作或存在的状态，过去时间标志词： （1）yesterday系列： yesterday, yesterday morning ,yesterday afternoon ,yesterday evening, the day before yesterday （2）last系列： last week, last month, last year, last night （3）ago系列： two months ago, three years ago （4）in系列： in 1990, in 2012特殊：just now ,in the past等等。 e.g： I was born in 1990. When did you go to the park? I went to the park last week.二、一般过去时的用法1. 动词过去式的构成规律1）一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2）结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3）末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5） 不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ 加“-ed”后的读音方法1.ed加在清辅音后面读/t/。finished /-t/ help /-t/ asked /-t/2.ed加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/批注：对于不规则动词变化，可以选择孩子会初一或小学已经接触到的不规则动词变化，不要都讲。读音规律，对于掌握好的同学可以拓展。2. 句式变化三、一般过去时中应注意的问题1. 判定是一般过去时后，谓语动词一定要用过去式。课堂测试1 I _（be) at school just now.2. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.5. He _ (be) at the camp last week.批注：根据孩子的实际掌握情况，选择题量。2. 句式变化中，动词过去时不要忘记还原原形。课堂练习1. Su Hai took some photos on Sports day. 否定句_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 一、用所给词的正确形式填空1. We often_(play) on the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually _(do) after school?5. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons _your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time _his mother_(do) the housework?二、用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.三、单选1Jenny_inanoffice.Herparents_inahospital.Awork;worksBworks;workCwork;areworkingDisworking;work2Oneoftheboys_ablackhat.AhaveBthereisCthereareDhas3Wedidntgoshoppingbecauseit_yesterday.A dontrainB didntrainC rainsD rained4Thesun_intheeastand_inthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets5WangMei_musicandoften_tomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen6Jenny_Englishlastnight.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied四、填空1IcantakeLiMingtherewhenhe_ (come)tovisit.2_yoursister_(know)English?3Thepot_(notlook)likeyoursverymuch.4Who_(想要)togoswimming?5_she _(do)thehouseworkeveryday?6JennyandDannyusually_(play)gamesintheafternoon.7.I_h_(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.8._she_(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_didnt_.9.What_Tom_do_(do)onSaturdayevening?He_(watch)TVand_(read)aninterestingbook.10.Theyall_(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.11.She_(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.五、 改错题(20)1.How is Jane yesterday? _来源:Z+xx+k.Com2.He go to school by bus last week. _3.He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _4.I can fly kites seven years ago. _5.Did you saw him just now. _六、完形填空Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after school.And his teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in his homework.Then one day，his maths teacher 3 at Toms homework and saw that he got all his answers right.He was very 4 and surprised(惊奇).The next morning before class，he called T