商务英语自夸本科毕业论文-The Comparison of Education in the United Stated and China.doc

湖南商学院高等教育自学考试学生毕业论文题 目The Comparison of Education in the United Stated and China学生姓名考 号专 业商务英语助 学 点湖南民族职业学院通讯地址湖南省湘潭县青山桥镇联系电话2012年5月Catelog一.Abstract二. The basic education of United States:The outline of the United Stated of America educations development The school environment with humanizationThe school system and management method in the US1.School system2.Education costs三. The difference between two- countrys educational systems Different teaching targets Different treating to gain knowledge四. Combined with characteristics of Sino-US education, to improve the pace of education Reading is the better Education reform in two countriesA Chinas education reformB The US education reform五. ConclusionMass education in a country Find reasonable ideas to change education mattersReference AbstractToday, China still uses the basis of examination-oriented education. Teachers, students, parents, social studies are subject to the examination of the command. In order to test and study, students work a large number of exercises of their course, the beginning of a variety of examinations topic for students from primary schools.To face the worlds progress, our country is reforming, developing and progressing; we amend to Chinas education system refer to other countries at the same time. The Chinese people gradually found that basic education is not only very important, efforts to popularize, but more importantly, realize a revolutionary education model.we shuold make a Comparison of Education in the United Stated and China in education reform school system and so on.Key words:school system； Different teaching targets； education reform；introduction The Comparison of Education in the United Stated and ChinaIn the new century, the world set off a wave of education reform; it is called as the twenty-first century whirlwind. It is different from Industrial Revolution Tornado in the eighteenth century, Industrialization campaign in the nineteenth century, and battle for resources in the twentieth century. In the new century is the era of knowledge economy, information technology, the development of high-tech revolution, and the talent person play the important role, so the reform of education, training personnel has become the focus of competition in the new century. In the wave of education reform, basic education got more attention; most countries focus basic education reform as the unprecedented attention. Basic education is not only teaching to read, but more importantly, to enlighten the kids in the hazy nature; all the resulting is from seeding and sprouting, which is the cradle of the spirit of the birth of the world, and foster the master in this kind of soil. Basic education is breeding future vast forest just like a breeding nursery. The quality of basic education has a direct impact on the countrys long-term development, determines the future of the nation; a country or a nations basic education reflects the nations modernity, vision and level of development. International Education Experience has shown that, no country could be prosperity before they did not do a good job in basic education in the world. One nation who can understand the significance of the national basic education is a long-term vision, a mature. To face the worlds progress, our country is reforming, developing and progressing; we amend to Chinas education system refer to other countries at the same time. The Chinese people gradually found that basic education is not only very important, efforts to popularize, but more importantly, realize a revolutionary education model. Chinese secondary school students can get a lot of physics, mathematics on Olympic Prize in the world; but they cannot get a Nobel Prize when they grow up, because the Nobel Prize need original forms, Chinese students lack of it. The Nobel Prize-winning Chinese in abroad is a good proof. The task of basic education is not based on elite education, but should be follow the regular pattern of the psychology, the first do EQ training, the develop IQ. Such a person can have a solid foundation to learn continuously, a correct outlook on life, the potential of creativity, and grow up healthily. Our education and American education in what ways are not the same?What kind of person shall we bring up as a country? Why do students learn? Here, we should not only seek after differences, but to make progresses with the times, absorbing good experiences, to amend impression on education, our educational environment in order to raise the basic education.一、The basic education of United States:The United States is a pluralistic economy and a highly developed country, education occupies a very important position in the US social life and economic development course. Therefore, the federal government attaches great importance to education reform and development, and the establishment of a more completed education management system and the corresponding policies and regulations system. With the main education legislation, financial aid and other support measures for the implementation of macro-control education, specifically the right to education and management by local education authorities. The federal government has also been actively promoting the diversification of the mode, encouraging enterprises, consortiums, social organizations and religious figures-investment participated education schooling, and giving them some support and protected policies who are taking interesting in the schooling. For example some well-known schools used the initial donor names to give name to their colleges, like Harvard University, Stanford University. No matter public universities or private universities, they are not only academic institution, but also companies in the stocks invested at the same time, operated business; many schools have a huge amount of property and funds. So Americans school education has a very flexible form model. All states require young people to attend school. (The age limits vary: 32 states require attendance to age 16; eight to eighteen; etc.) Thus, every child in America is guaranteed up to 13 years of education. This is true regardless of a childs race, religion, and sex, learning problems, physical handicap or inability to speak English 朱永涛，王立礼 英语国家社会与文化入门第二版下 123页，北京 高等教育出版社 2005年8月. We can distinguish the school from the school form: public schools, private schools, community schools and church schools; from the service targets, there are ordinary schools and special schools and from the nature of the school, vocational schools and other types of schools. In addition, there are some very characteristics schools, such as magnet schools, familys schools, charter schools and contract schools, and so on. In this way, all types of schools stand in this society, not only expanded the scale of education, enrich the forms of education, but meet the different educational needs of social groups, education and diversified economy are ensured in the coordinated developing.Multi-cultural education is the main national policy in the United States; and multicultural education is a greatest idea to enable multi-ethnic integration of immigrants into the main culture of Americans. For a long time, if Naturalization culture idea has been always occupying the dominant, that other culture would being culture-oppression, wiped out or eradicated; but culture diversity can mix and accept a variety of features, special independent elements on national culture, form a new culture complementarities to suit this country at a basis of equality.Education is a type of culture phenomenon; deferent education can reflect a nations cultivation. The rapid development of the U.S. Education has promoted its leading position in science and technology. The Americans, everyone has the right to education. U.S. law provides 6 to 16-year-old children must receive compulsory education. U.S. public schools are supported by the Governments revenue support; students are in school with free admission; the private schools are supported by churches supporting and some are from the Foundation.1.1 The outline of the United Stated of America educations development The religion schools and private schools were founded before the public schools, the traditional educational system are decentralized system that is both public and private system.When the founding of the US constitution, the federal government laws rule that would not interfere in states education. After 1865, North-south civil war, the federal began to feel that its necessary to establish a central leadership of education department. In 1868, it establish the education department in the ministry of the Interior, managed only a few federal education funding for the states school to provide help and advice. Till 1979, the formal establishment of the Federal Ministry of education began. State board of education, local school districts and the primary school district was still the master of education in the US. The laws on education promulgated and implementation of the central government does gradually penetrate into the state and local, to exert a strong impact on the whole country.窗体底端1.2 The school environment with humanizationEducation has human feeling and reasonable in the US. They think the main duty of basic education is not to train scientists, doctor, or excellent students in the world; but to help the children to recognize how to make living, how to become a citizen in a country, and train them creative feeling at their childhood.In the United States, basic education is a protection, a service for the children. The so-called protection that is society and government protect the nature and innocence of children, to their personality and individuality growing freely and curiosity and thirst for knowledge. This so-called service is to giving service to students, and support service for students learning, services for students growing and developing. According to visitors words, that entering the United States primary and secondary school, you will always feel a kind of caring for human nature. Small size class teaching in U.S. primary and secondary school. Some of the biggest school is about 2,000 people, and some the smallest is about 400 people. Each class is small class relatively, private schools average the class size in private schools 15 people, class size in public schools are about 25 people in average, it is conducive to teaching and communicate with students and teachers can do the individual guidance to the student from objective view. U.S. schools generally have not the wall, school buildings are very simple, practical, and generous, it is looking like an ordinary factory from further view point. The school has School Bus Shuttle to take the students. In the intersection, other vehicles will give way to the school bus by initiative; gas stations will be free for the school bus refueling. School teaching facilities will be done well, they have indoor heating; all the classrooms have Internet connecting. Most of teaching spaces have placed the computer, books, magazines, etc. for studying, so that students learn or find information conveniently; on the wall, covered with a students work, layout with their own characteristics style, in the corridor outside the classroom for every student there has placed cabinets, for putting students learning things and living supplies. Many of the school of public facilities, such as computer classrooms, laboratories, gymnasium, library, laboratory factories, cold drinks machines and so open to students free of charge, some family difficulties students can also enjoy the free school lunch. The school also has full-time consultants for students, that is, a special teacher care for the mental- health counseling. Generally every five or six students has a teacher in charge of a specialized mental health and other issues teachers in private school. There is a full-time consultant for a group of students. If a student has problem in thinking, learning, communication, family, social and other problems and difficulties encountered, they can ask for some advice. U.S. school attached great importance to privacy and personality development of students. Schools and classes will neither announce the results of exam to all public in school nor made school rankings among students. In their eyes, every student has its own characteristics and advantages. Specialized teaching for students who are outstanding, the school set higher classes or special classes, to give them a special care a spare capacity of the students, students can jump-grade, if the students have enough ability to learn and accept more deep knowledge during this period of time 杨慧敏 美国基础教育 159-160页 广州 广东教育出版社 2004年4 月. When they graduate from school, the outstanding students will have a certificate of merit with their own name, from school principals, education minister and the president signed the National Education award. As the corresponding, many school principals office is decorated simple, has not big room. Some schools do not have special reception centre, part of the school reception is held in the school library or cafeteria in the restaurant, out of we thought, they have luxury high-end multimedia lecture hall or reception room. This shows that American education is a natural, lively, and is full of humanity and the characteristics of education; the creation of teaching and learning environment in schools, while also creating an atmosphere of a humanistic care. In schools, students feel like at home and freedom, fulfill happiness and wisdom in the campus, without making a special effort to create and decorate, people here everywhere feel a campus with nature, teachers and students, education resources and teaching needs of harmony perfectly.1.3 The school system and management method in the USPrimary and secondary school management is a typical school” model, as a self-school, self-discipline, self-culture for the mainly autonomy and has the right to development freely, and the government give the school enough power and support to develop school and encouragement. U.S. has no unified national curricula and teaching materials, and no unified national exam 美国基础教育 19-21页. All the performance of all acts of education for schools inherent requirements of the development of education. The principle of school employs the teachers according to school idea, area feature, area economy specialization and people in this area to make their decision. They can design the courses and training aim, teachers settle their personalized approach make their teaching activities, with greater flexibility. According to feedback from students, adjust schedule progress during the class time according to request. Such as some students are having a test class, which teachers placed on the podium with a different color of test paper ,to meet requirements of different tests needs, if a student do faster, teachers will give another test paper their to them, to guarantee the all types of students can learn exactly. In U.S., primary school teachers implement a class, teachers should be responsible for a class of all courses and teaching organizes activities. Although there are still some deficiencies about the system, but the teachers also have chance to show personalized style most vividly demonstrated. In primary schools, if teachers with a deeper knowledge of music or natural science research in a certain field, the students will learn more learning habit, will be presented to music talent and science color, another example, in junior high school, students practice run classes, the classroom is the teachers office. Many decoration of the classroom have own special points, with their subject feature. Natural Science Division of the classroom like a scientific palaces, many of laboratory facilities in it, but also displayed a portrait of the famous scientist, or the portraits of U.S. presidents; society course in classroom it is a simulation of the super malls; personality of the teachers how to teach students would reflect the formation and development of students deeply in their life. U.S. primary and secondary school teachers are dedicated. In Primary school teachers will be working from morning to afternoon so far. In Secondary school teachers, have five classes on average a day. Although they have heavily worked, but they have a strong sense of responsibility to work, because the choice of the teaching profession is completely voluntary, some of them became teacher just they like this occupation very much, particularly in private schools. The United States has a strict qualification system for primary and secondary school teachers, the teachers should have comprehensive quality, they must pass the examination about teaching, get a certain certificate, and then you can do a teacher. Among them, some people have doctorate or masters degrees or university professors, but they must get teaching certificate then do a teacher in primary and secondary schools. The Americans, not only knowledge can be replaced, but understanding of the laws of proficiency in educational psychology, education has certain ideas and feelings of the people as well, this kind of people can devote in teaching. In the United States, to achieve primary and secondary school teachers qualifications, firstly people must obtain university undergraduate diploma, and then attended the State University Teaching organized the six courses of study (a short time from one year or two), then to carry out 10-week educational training and pass a stringent assessment, can obtain certificate eventually. After the teachers employed