大学英语3期末练习.docx

1 词汇transiton consequence fundamental decent comparableconsequence relief suspect breakthrough utterbeloved commit innocent overwhelm responseinnocent elegant excessive import instinctimmerse apparent qualify isolate campaignvague respond suspect probe sponsorventure campaign string elegant preciseirrational release apparent attractive manufactureAs a _ of her hospital experience, Shelly decided to become a nurse.The theiories have made_ changes in our views of the universe.To be granted a substantial yearly bonus is considered _ to gettiong a raise in pay. The police suspect that it was John who _ the murder. The quality guarantee and good after-dales services will certanily meet with positive_ from the consumers.I felt great _ when I heard I had passed the examination. The old mansion was furnished with great _. The sweaters are made of wool _ from Australia. Parents should give sound advice to their children during their _ from childhood to manhood.Trust your _ and do what you think is right. Many teenagers are found to _ themselves too much in the virtual world of the computer games. The workers went on strike for _ working conditions and wages. You will be overweight if you consume _ amounts of fat. The village _ from the outside for three days because of the food. The quality grarantee and good after-sales services will certainly meet with positive _ from the consumers. The police have arrested two _ in connection with the bank robbery. Dont bother about him. What he has said is _ nonsense. A lot of _ people lost their lives during the border conflict. Pompii was _ by dust and ashes from the volcano eruption. Some non-governmental organizations are planning a public _ to awaken people to the problem of noise pollution. Being the son of a professor does not _ him for the scholarship consideration. The regulaitons are so _ that they lead to misinterpretation.Heimingway is one of the most _ and world-renowned American writers. The medical lab of the institute is reported to have made an exciting _ in cancer research. It was so dark in the cave that I didnt dare to _ any step further. The movie star was caught in the act of shoplifting but was _ after paying a fine to the supermarket.The speaker had _ noticed that his topic wasnt popular with the audience, so he quickly ended his speech.Some young people find computer games so _ that they can hardly pull themselves away to tend to other matters. The court gave the heavy sentence, in response not to the facts of the case but to the _ public fear. A hacker attacked an e-commerce marketplace site. This is the latest in a _of online break-ins in which credit card numbers were stolen.2 词组beat sbs expectation resorted to give way to lay outat a loss bing in belong to at that rate come up with frown on come upon in the flesh hang on apply toleave off under ones belt vice versa mill about resul from line up on the edge of all the way share with break ones back come uponfor the sake of under ones umbrella 1. He hated having to _ the hotel bedroom _ a stranger.2. A magnificent scene was _ befor the climbers when they reached the hill top.3. I didnt expect you to be so efficient; _ , the task will be finished ahead of schedule.4. Zewail had already had good academic qualifications _ before he won the Nobel Prize in chemistry. 5. She wants to drop out of college and become a singer, but her parents _ very much _ her intention.6. At present, the whole world seems to be _ about how to cope with economic glaobalization.7. Scientists will have to _ new technologies to improve the worlds food supplies.8. Any damage to the books _ carelessness must be paid for by the borrower.9. In the World Cup, England tried to beat long-term rival Argentia and qualify from the “Group of Death” and _. 10. At the end of the Cultural Revolution, Chinas economy was _ collapse.11. Hundreds of fans _ to get the signature of their favorite singer, but she didnt show up.12. He claimed with pride that he saw the football star Beckingham _ yesterday.13. The boy admires his father and _ his every word.14. In Einsteins opinion, his theory of relativity could also _ our daily life.15. At the wedding party, guest _ with cocktails in hands, talking and laughing. 16. Congress _ reforms to prevent the abuse of prsidential power.17. It _ everyones _ that his debut album stayed in the American Top Ten Charts for 15 weeks.18. The thesis is no easy work, you have to _ over it for months. 19. It is believed that the car the police found at the parking lot of the airport terminal _ the gunman.20. Old houses have been pulled down to _ greenery.3阅读理解The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software（软件）or by altering the architecture but that too will happen. I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon（硅）will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbons long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe. As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power. 1. In what way can we make a machine intelligent? A) By making it work in such environments as deserts, oceans or space. B) By working hard for 10 or 20 years. C) By either properly programming it or changing its structure. D) By reproducing it. 2. What does the writer think about machines with human-like ability? A) He believes they will be useful to human beings. B) He believes that they will control us in the future. C) He is not quite sure in what way they may influence us. D) He doesnt consider the construction of such machines possible. 3. The word “carbon” (Line 4, Para.2) stands for _. A) intelligent robots B) a chemical element C) an organic substance D) human beings 4. A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when _. A) its intelligence and cost are beyond question B) it is able to bear the rough environment C) it is made as complex as the human brain D) its architecture is different from that of the present ones 5. It can be inferred from the passage that _. A) after the installation of a great number of cells and connections, robots will be capable of self-reproduction B) with the rapid development of technology, people have come to realize the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability C) once we make a machine as complex as the human brain, it will posses intelligence D) robots will have control of the vast, man-made world in space After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll（死亡人数）could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, as earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the citys highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the citys buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good new, civil engineers arent resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints（蓝图）for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquakes vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.1. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that _. A) new computers had been installed in the buildings B) it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highways C) large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday D) improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways 2. The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to _. A) counterbalance an earthquakes action on the building B) predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy C) help strengthen the foundation of the building D) measure the impact of an earthquakes vibrations 3. The smart buildings discussed in the passage _ A) would cause serious financial problems B) would be worthwhile though costly C) would increase the complexity of architectural design D) can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes 4. It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on _. A) the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction B) the development of flexible building materials C) the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations D) early forecasts of earthquakes 5. The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to _. A) compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the U.S. B) encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computers C) outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materials D) report new developments in constructing quake-resistant buildings It is now commonly known that AIDS is a deadly disease. It does great damage to human beings immune system, weakening resistance to disease and leading to death due to utter weakness. To this day, there are no existing drugs that can kill the AIDS virus (病毒). It is a deadly battle between science and AIDS. This is only one side of the story. Although it cannot be cured, AIDS is preventable. For those who have not caught the disease, the knowledge of preventive measures seems to be the most powerful weapon at hand. Since the discovery of the first AIDS patient in 1985, the number of HIV carriers (艾滋病毒携带者) is on an alarming rise in China and statistics show that young people are the more likely victims of AIDS. Nationwide there are 214 million people between the ages of 13 and 22, most of whom are students. If no measures are taken to protect these young people, it is almost certain that the threat of AIDS will be very real to them. There has been a great deal of misinformation concerning the transmission of AIDS. One of the most misleading myths is that AIDS can be transmitted by casual physical contact such as kissing, shaking hands or sharing food containers. Surveys and investigations conducted in some universities show that half of those people questioned are not clear about how AIDS is transmitted, not to mention how it is prevented. 6.Why does the passage say that AIDS is a