非谓语动词过去分词课件.ppt

慧眼闪闪,1)Hegotworriedaboutlosingthemoney.2)Sallywassoexcitedatthegoodnews.3)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.,Whatdothesentenceshaveincommon?,ThePastParticiple动词的过去分词,一、过去分词作定语,二、过去分词作表语,三、过去分词做宾语补足语,总结：单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常放在被修饰词的前面。,一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。eg：alostanimal一只迷路的动物ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一根受伤的手指abrokencoin一枚破损的硬币alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛(1)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.(2)HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.(3)Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.,【观察思考】(1)HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.(2)Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.,总结：过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，表示被动或完成意义。其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中,总结：过去分词作表语主要表示主语的状态或思想感情等。,二、过去分词作表语,Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了。Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletters.看完信后,他显得很忧虑.,1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。,2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。,Theglasswasbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.,Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.,状态,动作,动作,状态,3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。,Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotveryexcited.,Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.,Hesquiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.,HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.,bepreparedtodobedevotedtobedeterminedtodobeworriedaboutbeconcernedaboutbeabsorbedindoing/sthbelinkedtobefacedwithbeburiedin,准备好做某事致力于，专心于决心做担心关心/担心专注于与相联系面对专心致志于,短语积累,IV过去分词与现在分词的区别过去分词具有_和_之意现在分词具有_和_之意作定语的区别fallingleaves/boildingwater/developingcountryfallenleaves/boildedwater/developedcountry作表语的区别Iaminterestedinthebook.Thebookisinteresting.,被动,完成,主动,进行,进行,完成,感兴趣的,令人感兴趣的,总结：过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别现在分词具有主动_和正在进行之意；过去分词具有被动和完成之意；作表语的区别现在分词具有令人之意；过去分词具有感觉之意；,归纳总结1.过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在_之前发生，已经完成并具有_意义。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由_动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。,谓语动作,被动,及物,Specialattention,过去分词作定语,2.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词_。_作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个_。,之前,过去分词短语,定语从句,Specialattention,归纳总结过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成_结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_。,过去分词作表语,系表,状态,Specialattention,Step1用以下单词的正确形式填空：worry,interest,arrive,frighten,continue,concern1.Illbe_tohearwhathehastosay.2.Themayorsaidthathewas_aboutthe_riseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed.3.Recently_soldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood.4.Mostofthenewspaperseemstobe_withpopstars.5.Hewas_ofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse.,interested,worried,continued,arrived,concerned,frightened,【挑战一】,ThePastParticipleastheObjectComplement三、过去分词做宾语补足语,宾语补足语的表现形式：,带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：,某些及物动词（如make等）,+,直接宾语（名词或代词）,+,宾语补足语,用过去分词充当宾语补足语,能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。,1.Afterwakingup,Ifoundeveryonegone.2.Thespeakerraisedhervoicetomakeherselfheard.3.Theyfoundtheirnewbikesstolen.,宾语补足语的表示法,HisfathernamedhimDoming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustntforcehimtogoatonce.4.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.,(名词),(形容词),（不定式）,（不定式短语）,(现在分词或其短语),6.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10oclock.7.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.8.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.9.Letthefreshairin.10.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.,(过去分词),（介词短语）,（介词短语）,（副词）,(从句),2019/12/14,19,可编辑,分词作宾补的动词有以下五类:,在feel,hear,listento，notice,see,watch，observe,lookat,等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。IheardBeethovensNinthSymphony_lastnight.(play)YesterdayInoticedalittlegirl_stealingintheshop.(catch)Hefelthiscollar_bysomeonefrombehind.(pull),played,caught,pulled,Specialattention,Specialattention,2过去分词用在get,have,make，let的后面。(1)have+宾语+过去分词表示的两种情况：表让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做Ihavehadmybike_(repair)表“遭遇到某种不幸Theoldmanhadhisleg_intheaccident.(break)(2)“make+宾语+过去分词”Theymanagedtomakethemselves_(understand)inverysimpleEnglish.Canyoumakethestudents_(understand)thetext.,repaired.,broken,understood,understand,Specialattention,3.过去分词用在动词leave,keep,find后面作宾语补足语Theguestsleftmostofthedishes_,becausetheydidnttastedelicious.大部分的饭菜客人都没有动，因为它们不可口。Youshouldkeepme_hiswhereabouts.你应该让我了解他的行踪。Ifoundhim_inanovel.我发现他在埋头读一本小说。,untouched,informedof,buried,4.表示爱憎意愿的动词如want，wish，like，hate等后。如：(1)Iwantedtwoticketsreserved.我要预定两张票。(2)Hedidntwishitmentioned.他不愿这事被提起。,Specialattention,5.过去分词用在“with+宾语宾语补足语”(1)Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后。(表方式)(2)Withwater_,wecanseethesteam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气。(表条件)(3)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解决,我们都回家了。(表原因)(4)Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyes_hisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。(5)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。,Specialattention,heated,fixedon,Letsdosomeexercises!,Ihadmyhair_yesterday.(cut),cut,Thehouseisbroken.Pleasegetthehouse_(mend)now.,mended,Isawthem_intherain.(catch),caught,unfinished,Mymotherneverallowsmetoplaycomputergameswithmyhomework_.（finish）,用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.ImafraidIcantmakemyself_(understand)clearlywithoutexplainingthequestion.2.Themanagerwashappytoseealloftheproblems_(settle)soquickly.,understood,settled,3.WhenIenteredtheoffice,Ifoundthewindow_(break)andthecomputer_(steal).4.Jameshadsomeflowers_(send)toSarahonherbirthday.,broken,stolen,sent,Errors:,Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacarstickinginapoolbythesideoftheroad.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitedforme.Dontworry.Illhaveittotypeandgetsomeonetosendittoyoutomorrow.Hehadtroublemakinghimselfunderstanding.5.Withthehillscoveringwithfallenleaves,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.,stuck,waiting,understood,covered,typed,注意：动词seat,hide,dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义,因此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。如:WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。,(to)do/v-ing/pp.作宾补的区别：Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.(拿走了那本字典)Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk.(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.(字典被拿走了),(to)do动作全过程已结束v.-ing动作正在进行pp.表被动完成,Ioftenhearthegirl_thisEnglishsonginherroom.2.