农业环境论文：WTO框架下我国农业环境补贴法律体系研究.doc

农业环境论文：WTO框架下我国农业环境补贴法律体系研究【中文摘要】我国加入世界贸易组织后,制定了粮食直接补贴、良种补贴等优惠政策。农业补贴政策的实施大大调动了农业生产者的生产积极性,推动了农业生产的发展,基本实现了粮食增产和农民增收的政策目标,但由于我国的农业补贴政策体系还不健全,与农业环境补贴相关的政策规定的还很少,农业补贴政策的实施在一定程度上影响了农业环境,因此有必要建立一种与环境紧密结合的农业补贴政策。虽然我国出台了一些农业环境补贴政策,然而这些环境补贴政策存在一系列问题,如补贴项目过于集中,涉及面窄等。同时我国并没有对此立法,更没有形成法律体系,制定一部农业环境补贴法已迫在眉睫。因此,本文在现有理论研究成果和国外实践经验基础上,提出了农业环境补贴的立法建议。本文的逻辑结构如下：第一部分：引言。首先在引言中说明了该篇论文的选题背景、论文的写作和意义,以及这篇文论文的研究方法。第二部分：农业环境补贴相关理论。本部分主要论述了农业环境补贴的概念、种类以及实施效应,并对支撑农业环境补贴的理论进行阐述,在此基础上又介绍了WTO框架下农业环境补贴的法律依据。这些法律依据不仅包括国际法律依据,还包括国内相关立法,为我国农业环境补贴提供法律依据。这一部分是全文的基础。第三部分：农业环境补贴立法的必要性。在这一部分,首先对农业补贴与农业环境的关系进行了说明,即农业补贴在一定程度上影响了农村环境。又对我国农业环境现状进行分析,我国农业环境污染形势严峻,从现实意义上说明农业环境补贴立法的必要性；其次对我国农业环境补贴政策进行分析,找出其不足,从立法层面上说明农业环境补贴立法的必要性。第四部分：国外农业环境补贴的规定。对国外农业环境补贴的政策、立法进行介绍,主要从农业环境的补贴标准、农业环境补贴中的公众参与及政府、农业生产者的责任这几方面进行介绍,对我国农业环境补贴立法具有借鉴意义。第五部分：我国农业环境补贴的立法建议。这部分是本文的重点也是本文的创新点。笔者在立法建议时对农业环境补贴的立法主体、农业环境补贴的支付对象、补贴范围和补贴标准作了明确规定,并对农业环境补贴法中的政府责任、农业生产者的责任进行了设置。为了保证农业环境补贴能够足额发放到农业生产者手中,保护其权利,在农业环境补贴立法建议中对救济方式也进行了说明。为了能达到农业环境补贴的立法,本文在程序方面也做了其他的一些说明。【英文摘要】With Chinas entry into the World Trade Organisation,a series of favorable policies such as the direct subsidy, superior-seeds subsidies were worked out.The implementation of agricultural subsidies policies greatly encourage agricultural producers to grow food, develop the food production,and obtain the objective of grain-increasing and peasants income-increasing,but due to chinas agricultural subsidies policy system still at the primative stage, and the few policies related to environmental subsidies,the implementation of agricultural subsidies policies,to some extent, affect the agricultural environment, so it is necessary to establish an agricultural subsidies policy closely related with environment.China has issued a number of agricultural subsidies policies,however, there are still a series of problems in them,such as the over-concentrated projects,the narrow coverage,etc. Meanwhile China had no such legislation, no legal system, so it is eager to develop a law on agricultural subsidies.So this paper offers legislative proposals of agricultural environment subsidies on the bases of the existing researchs and the experiences of home and foreign practices.The logical structure of this paper is as follows:First part:The introduction mainly elaborates the background of selecting topic,the objective and significance as well as the research methods of this thesis.Second part:Theories of agricultural environment subsidies,.In this part,Author mainly introduces the concepts,the model and the effects of agriculture environmental subsidies,and introduces the theory which supports the theory of agricultural environment subsidies,finally intrduces the legal basis under the framework of WTO in the agricultural environment subsidies. The legal basis includes not only international legal basis,but also domestic legislation. It provides the legal basis for Chinas agricultural environment subsidies.This is the basic part of this paper.Third part:The necessity of legislation on agricultural environment subsidies. In this section, Author firstly introduces the agricultural subsidies and agriculture environment subsidies,and agricultural subsidies to a certain extent can affect the rural environment.Then Author analyses the present agriculture environment of our country, and agricultural environmental pollution is grim.Author illustrates the need of the legislation on agricultural subsidies from the real sense;secondly analyses the environmental subsidies policy and finds its shortcomings,illustrates the need of the legislation on agricultural subsidies from the legislative level.Fourth part:The provisions of foreign policies and legislation of agricultural environment subsidies. Author introduces the foreign policies and legislation of agricultural environment subsidies,introduces agricultural environment subsidies standard, agricultural environment subsidies in public participation,governments responsibility and agricultural producersresponsibility which are benefical to agriculture environment subsidies in our county.Fifth part:The legislative proposals of agriculture environmental subsidies. This is the key part of this article.The author defines clearly legislative body,pay-object,the cover and standards of subsidies in the legislative proposals,and sets the responsibility of government and the producers in the agricultural environment subsidies.In order to ensure the full avail to the environmental subsidies and their rights,the modes of remedy are set in the legislative proposals of agricultural environment subsidies. Some clarification of procedures are also made,in order to achieve the legislative aims of agricultural subsidies.【关键词】农业环境 农业环境补贴 农业多功能性 农业生产者责任【英文关键词】Agricultural environment Agricultural environment subsidies Agricultural multi-function Responsibilities of agricultural producers【目录】WTO框架下我国农业环境补贴法律体系研究摘要4-6Abstract6-71 引言11-131.1 问题的提出111.2 研究目的和意义111.3 研究方法11-132 农业环境补贴的相关理论13-212.1 农业环境补贴的概念132.2 农业环境补贴的种类13-152.2.1 给予对农业生产产生正外部性的农业生产者的补贴142.2.2 给予对负外部性减少的农业生产者的补贴14-152.3 农业环境补贴的一般理论15-172.3.1 公共财政理论152.3.2 农业的多功能性理论15-162.3.3 公平理论16-172.3.4 生态农业理论172.4 WTO框架下农业环境补贴的法律依据17-212.4.1 WTO框架下农业环境补贴的国际法律依据17-192.4.2 我国农业环境补贴的国内法律依据19-213 农业环境补贴立法的必要性21-323.1 农业环境与农业补贴的关系21-243.1.1 农业补贴政策有利于农业环境保护21-223.1.2 不科学的农业补贴不利于农业环境的保护22-243.2 我国农业环境的现状24-283.2.1 农业资源形势严峻24-253.2.2 生态破坏253.2.3 自然灾害253.2.4 环境污染25-283.3 补贴的实施效应283.4 我国农业环境补贴的现状28-323.4.1 我国农业环境补贴政策现状28-293.4.2 我国农业环境补贴存在的缺陷29-324 国外农业环境补贴的规定32-374.1 国外有关农业环境补贴标准的规定324.2 国外农