主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却.docx

主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却 本发明减少了主蒸汽冷凝器降低工作压力的现代电厂的燃料消耗。 The main steam condenser is a heat exchanger located in the power plant steam system for condensing steam.主蒸汽冷凝器是一种换热器在电厂凝汽式蒸汽系统上。 The main steam enters the main steam condenser, flowing around the tubes with the coolant flowing thru the tubes, condensing the steam.主蒸汽进入主蒸汽冷凝器，流淌着与通过管道流冷却液管，冷凝蒸汽。 This invention replaces the present condenser once thru cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.这项发明会取代目前的冷凝器冷却后，通过制冷剂冷却水系统。 The much lower normal temperature and greater high heat absorption rate of the refrigerant, lowers the main steam condenser operating pressure much below that of the present cooling water system.在正常温度低得多的更大的高温制冷剂的吸收率，降低了经营主蒸汽冷凝器远低于目前的压力，冷却水系统。 The lower condenser pressure increases steam flow, extracting more energy from the steam, increasing the plant-operating efficiency.冷凝器压力较低的蒸汽流量增加，从蒸汽中提取更多的精力，增加了工厂的运行效率。 This invention combines the conventional steam cycle with the conventional refrigeration cycle.本发明与传统相结合的传统蒸汽制冷循环周期。 The refrigerant compressor is driven by the main steam turbine which creates the binary cycle.压缩机的制冷剂是由主蒸汽涡轮机而产生的二进制循环。 声明： 1. 1。 Increased efficiency and reduced operating costs; The refrigerant cooled main steam condenser cooling system allows for a greater control of the condenser pressure and evaporator temperature.提高效率和降低运营成本，而制冷剂冷却主蒸汽冷凝器冷却系统允许压力的冷凝器和蒸发器温度的控制。 The refrigerant flow to the condenser evaporator can be set at a constant desired temperature.制冷剂流动到冷凝器蒸发器可以设定在一个恒定的理想温度。 The conventional once thru cooling water system water temperature is seasonal.通过冷却水系统温度常规一次是季节性的。 The heat transfer rate of the refrigerant coolant is much greater than that of water.制冷剂的冷却剂热传输速率比水多。 The refrigerant normal temperature is much lower than that of the river and lake water.制冷剂的温度比正常的河流和湖泊的水低。 The lower temperature and high heat transfer rate of the refrigerant cooling system creates a lower internal condenser pressure than that of a cooling water system.较低的温度和制冷剂的制冷系统的高传热率将创建一个比一个冷却水系统，降低内部冷凝器压力。 This lower condenser pressure allows more steam flow, extracting more energy from the steam.这个较低的冷凝器压力允许更多的蒸汽流量，蒸汽提取更多的能量。 The lower condenser internal pressure allows for greater production of electrical power with the same fuel consumption.冷凝器内压越低允许更多的电力生产具有相同的燃料消耗。 2. 2。 Lower construction and maintenance costs; Plant location is no longer governed by the availability of large bodies of water.降低建设和维护成本，植物的位置不再是由大型机构的水供应管理。 The water intake structure and cooling towers are no longer necessary.取水结构和冷却塔是没有存在的必要。 Remote plant location allows for lower property costs, reduced taxes and less public concern.厂址允许远程降低物业成本，降低税收和减少公众的关注。 Personnel access to the plant for construction, security and plant operation will be less congested.人员进入施工，安全和工厂运作中的设备将减少挤塞。 The refrigerant coolant temperature and heat transfer rate along with system compactness, allows for a smaller condenser size, shorter piping runs and smaller pipe sizes.制冷剂冷却剂的温度和热紧随着系统传输速率，允许规模较小的冷凝器，缩短管道运行和更小的管道大小。 The present once thru cooling water system has equipment and system corrosion problems because of poor water quality and electrolysis.曾经通过冷却水系统目前已因水质差和电解设备和系统的腐蚀问题。 This problem is eliminated with the refrigerant coolant system because refrigerant is non-corrosive.这个问题是淘汰的制冷剂冷却系统，因为制冷剂无腐蚀性。 Exotic materials are no longer required for equipment, piping systems and instrumentation.异国情调的材料不再需要的设备，管道系统和仪器仪表。 3. 3。 Improved plant security and safety: Nuclear power generating stations have two major concerns, besides power generation.提高工厂的安全和保障：核电厂发电，除了有两个主要问题。 They are plant security and plant safety.它们是植物的安全性和植物安全。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system does not require a cooling water intake structure.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统不需要冷却水的摄入量结构。 This eliminates an additional opening in the plant security boundary.这消除了一个安全边界在植物的其他开放。 A nuclear power generating station has an emergency shutdown system, which incorporates heat removal.核能发电站有一个紧急停车系统，它包括散热。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system is a very efficient and reliable heat removal system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统是一个非常有效和可靠的散热系统。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system, with instrumentation, can easily be incorporated into the plant emergency shutdown system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统，仪器仪表，可以很容易地被纳入厂紧急停车系统。 This incorporation may increase nuclear power acceptance.这可能会增加核电纳入验收。 4. 4。 Invention potential: Presently naval ships have salt water-cooled main steam condensers.发明的潜力：目前海军舰艇编队海水冷却主蒸汽冷凝器。 The installation of the main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system will eliminate corrosion problems.在主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统的安装将消除腐蚀问题。 This invention is especially suited for nuclear powered naval submarines.本发明特别适用于核动力海军潜水艇。 Description:说明： The major intent of this invention is to improve the operational efficiency and the functional design of the modern day electrical power generating station.本发明的主要目的是提高运作效率和现代日电发电站功能设计。 This invention replaces the main steam condenser once through cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.本发明代替了一次通过主蒸汽冷凝器冷却系统的制冷剂冷却水系统。 The invention is directed primarily toward new power plant construction.本发明主要是针对对新电厂的建设。 Maintenance, equipment replacement cost and future operating cost savings may make it beneficial to convert existing stations.维修，设备更换成本和未来的运营成本节省可能使有益的转换现有车站。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system will reduce fuel consumption with compatible power generation to that of the cooling water system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统将减少燃料消耗与兼容发电的冷却水系统。 The intent of this invention is not to redesign the conventional steam cycle or the conventional refrigeration cycle but to combine them.本发明的目的不是要重新设计传统的蒸汽循环或传统制冷循环，而是将两者融合在一起。 The following drawings will aid in the clarification of this invention:如下图，将有助于本发明澄清： FIG.图。 1 is a schematic diagram which shows the conventional steam cycle and the conventional refrigerant cycle crossing at the main steam condenser, where the heat exchange takes place. 1是一个示意图，显示了传统蒸汽循环与传统制冷循环在主蒸汽冷凝器，在那里发生的热交换通道。 FIG.图。 2 is a schematic diagram showing the equipment and flow arrangement of the conventional steam cycle and conventional refrigerant cycle.二是一个示意图，显示了传统蒸汽循环和传统制冷剂的循环设备和流量安排。 FIG.图。 3 is a physical schematic building cross-section diagram showing a probable arrangement of equipment and flow pattern for the steam and refrigerant combined cycle.三是建设一个物理原理图的横截面图显示的设备和?流动模式和制冷剂的蒸汽联合循环的可能安排。 The combined cycles become known as a binary cycle.合并后的周期越来越被当作二元周期。 (FIG. 1) The present day main steam condenser requires very large quantities of cooling water. （图1）本一天的主蒸汽冷凝器冷却水需要非常大的数量。 Circulating pumps supply the main steam condenser with cooling water from nearby rivers or lakes to condense the main steam.循环冷却水泵供应从附近的河流或湖泊的水蒸汽凝结主主蒸汽冷凝器。 The main condenser cooling water flows thru a water intake structure, designed to prevent sea-life from entering the cooling water system.主要通过冷凝器冷却水的摄入结构，以防止其进入冷却水系统海生活，水流量。 The elaborate intake structure is in compliance with environmental requirements.精心制作的摄入结构符合环保要求。 When the heated water from the main steam condenser is returned to the river or lake, it is directed far from the shoreline.当从主蒸汽冷凝水加热返回到河流或湖泊，它是针对远离海岸线。 This insures proper mixing and does not allow elevated river or lake temperatures.这确保了适当的混合，并且不允许河流或湖泊的温度升高。 Many modern day power plants have installed natural draft cooling towers to eliminate the concern for elevated river or lake temperatures.现今许多电厂已经安装了自然通风冷却塔以消除对气温升高的河流或湖泊的关注。 The natural draft towers have a vapor plume which may cause an environmental hazard.有自然通风塔的蒸汽柱，可能造成环境危害。 The new main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system has many advantages over the present day once thru water-cooling system.新的主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统在现今的许多优点，通过一次水冷却系统。 It should be noted with a refrigerant cooling system, the intake structure and need for cooling towers is longer required.应该指出的制冷剂冷却系统，进气和冷却塔的结构需要的是不再需要。 More importantly, the power plant location is no longer dependent upon large bodies of water, which presently governs power plant location.更重要的是，电厂位置不再经水，现辖电厂所在地大批依赖。 The present once thru cooling water system is very corrosive due to electrolysis and poor water quality.曾经通过冷却水系统中存在的腐蚀性很强，由于电解和水质差。 The refrigerant coolant is non-corrosive reducing plant maintenance costs.制冷剂冷却剂无腐蚀性减少植物的维护费用。 The heat from the present once thru cooling water system is transfer to the river or lake.从目前一次通过冷却水系统的热是转移到河流或湖泊。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system allows for transfer of heat energy to building services, boiler feed and other utilities requiring heated water.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统允许对热能转移到建设服务，锅炉给水和其他公用事业需要加热的水。 The heat energy is not wasted.热能不浪费。 The main steam condenser refrigerant cooling system has greater temperature control than the present day once thru cooling water system.主蒸汽冷凝器制冷剂冷却系统冷却水系统一次通过大于现今温度控制。 The refrigerant flow to the main steam condenser can be set at a constant, desired temperature.制冷剂流动到主蒸汽冷凝器可设定在一个恒定的，需要的温度。 The conventional once thru cooling water temperature is constant and capacity is subject to pump design.通过冷却水的温度是恒定的一次常规和能力是受泵的设计。 The uniqueness of this invention is driving the refrigerant compressor with the main steam turbine.本发明的独特性是其主要驱动蒸汽涡轮机制冷压缩机。 The main steam condenser and refrigerant evaporator share the same container and become one, and can now be known as the evaporator condenser.主蒸汽冷凝器和蒸发器制冷剂共享相同的容器，?成为一，现在还可以作为蒸发器冷凝器而闻名。 This combination also adds to the making of a binary cycle.这种组合也增加了一个二元周期决策。 The steam cycle and the refrigeration cycle remain unchanged with this invention.蒸汽制冷循环周期和保持与本发明不变。 The installation of the combined conventional systems is as follows.合并后的常规系统的安装如下。 (FIGS. 2 & 3) The refrigerant compressor 3 is located in the main turbine building and is directly connected to the main generator shaft. （图2及3）制冷剂压缩机3位于主汽机的建设，直接连接到主发电机轴。 The main steam turbine drives the generator 15 and the compressor. 3 The refrigerant gas is compressed and transferred to the refrigerant condenser, 4 located on the main turbine building roof.主蒸汽涡轮驱动发电机和压缩机15。3，制冷剂气体压缩，转移到冷凝器的制冷剂，4屋顶位于主汽机的建设。 The heat gained by absorption from the condensing steam and the heat of compression caused by the refrigerant compressor 3 is removed by the refrigerant condenser. 4 The air-cooled heat exchangers 4 remove heat and condense the refrigerant gas.所获得的热量的吸收，蒸汽冷凝和3热制冷剂压缩机的压缩造成的去除是冷凝器的制冷剂。4风冷式换热器4取出热和制冷剂气体凝聚。 The condensed liquid refrigerant is transferred to the refrigerant receiver, 5 located on the main turbine-building roof and is the high-pressure refrigerant storage tank. 5 The condensed liquid refrigerant is transferred to the refrigerant expansion valve, 6 The refrigerant expansion Valve 6 is located at the coolant entrance to the main steam evaporator condenser. 1 Its function is to a flow the refrigerant to change from a high-pressure liquid to a low-pressure liquid, lowering the boiling point of the refrigerant.简明液体制冷剂的制冷剂转移到接收器， 五屋顶位于主涡轮建设，是高压制冷剂储罐。 五，浓缩液转移到制冷剂的制冷剂膨胀阀，制冷膨胀阀6 6位于入口处的冷却剂主蒸汽蒸发器冷凝器。1其功能是一个流动的制冷剂改变高压液体变为低压制冷剂液体，降低了沸点。 The low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows thru_the condenser tubes, absorbing heat, changing into a gas, in turn condensing the steam.低压制冷剂液体流动thru_the冷凝器管，吸收热量，进而改变变成气体，蒸汽冷凝。 The evaporator condenser 1 is located under the Main Steam low pressure Turbine 12 and is connected by a steam exhaust trunk 13 .蒸发器冷凝器1位于主蒸汽下低压涡轮为13 12和连接由蒸汽排气树干。 The refrigerant inter-cooler 2 is located between the evaporator condenser 1 and the refrigerant compressor 3 .制冷剂间冷器2位于冷凝器蒸发器之间制冷剂压缩机1和3。 The inter-cooler removes excess heat from the refrigerant gas, prior to entering the compressor.间冷器的制冷剂气体中删除多余的热量，在进入之前压缩机。 The refrigerant condenser will remove the inter-cooler heat.制冷剂冷凝器将删除间冷却器的热量。 The main steam boiler 11 heats the feed water change it into steam.主蒸汽锅炉给水加热11改变蒸成。 Main steam under pressure is transferred to the main steam turbine, through a piping system.主蒸汽压力下被转移到主蒸汽涡轮机，通过一个管道系统。 The main steam enters the main steam turbine and is directed onto the turbine blades causing the turbines to rotate.主蒸汽进入主蒸汽涡轮机，并导致上的涡轮机的涡轮叶片转动指示。 The rotating turbine shaft is connected to the generator which produces electrical power.涡轮轴旋转连接到发电机，产生电力。 The condenser air ejectors 14 remove air from the evaporator condenser to lower the internal pressure.冷凝器冷凝器空气喷射器14删除空气从蒸发器内压力降低。 The air ejector 14 design is in accordance with system start-up capacity.空气喷射器14个设计能力是根据系统启动。 The main steam exhaust trunk 13 is located at the base of the main steam turbines and directs the exhaust steam into the evaporator condenser 1 .主蒸汽涡轮机排气干线13位于蒸汽的主要基地，指导排一蒸汽进入蒸发器冷凝器。 The steam enters the evaporator condenser 1 flowing around the tubes.蒸汽进入蒸发器冷凝器一管周围流动。 The coolant flowing through the tubes changes the steam into condensate which collects in the condenser evaporator hotwell. 7 The condenser hotwell 7 is located in the lower portion of the evaporator condenser 1 and is the storage area for the condensate pump.冷却剂流经改变管蒸汽冷凝水收集到其中热井在冷凝器蒸发器。冷凝器热井7 7 1位于冷凝器下部的蒸发器和冷凝泵，是为存储区域。 The main condensate pump 8 takes suction from the hotwell 7 and delivers the condensate to the boiler feedwater heater 9 The feedwater heater 9 is the storage area for the feedwater pump 10 .主冷凝泵吸需要7 8从热井，并提供了冷凝锅炉给水加热器给水加热器9 9泵10存储区域给水。 The main feedwater pump 10 delivers water to the main steam boiler 11 to produce main steam.主给水泵10提供水蒸汽锅炉的主要生产11至主蒸汽。 The cycle is continuously repeated.该循环不断重复。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION发明的详细说明 This invention replaces the main steam condenser cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.这项发明会取代主蒸汽冷凝器冷却系统的制冷剂冷却水系统。 It should be noted that there is no intent of redesigning the steam cycle or refrigeration cycle.应该指出的是，没有重新设计的蒸汽制冷循环周期或意图。 The combining of the steam condenser and the refrigerant evaporator along with the refrigerant compressor being driven by the main steam turbine creates the binary cycle.的蒸汽冷凝器，压缩机的制冷剂以及制冷剂的蒸发器被驱动相结合的主蒸汽涡轮机产生的二进制循环。 (FIGS. 1 & 2) The main steam condenser in the modern day power plant is sometimes called the heart of the steam cycle. （图1及2）在现今的电厂主蒸汽冷凝器有时也被称为蒸汽循环的核心。 The differential pressure between the boiler and the condenser causes steam to flow.之间的锅炉和冷凝器的蒸汽压力差导致流动。 The lower the internal condenser pressure the more steam flow.越低越内部冷凝器压力蒸汽流量。 The refrigerant low normal temperature and high heat transfer rate lowers the main steam condenser internal pressure much below that of the once thru cooling water system.制冷剂常温低热量和高传输速率降低了冷却水系统一旦通过主蒸汽冷凝器远低于该内部的压力。 This increased reduction in the condenser pressure makes the steam cycle much more efficient.这在减少冷凝器压力升高，使蒸汽循环更有效率。 This invention is directed toward new plant construction but a maintenance economic evaluation may constitute a conversion to an existing plant.本发明是为了新工厂的建设，而是维护经济评价可能构成转换为现有的工厂。 The main steam condenser air ejectors remove air from the condenser vessel also lowering the internal pressure.主蒸汽冷凝器空气喷射器，冷凝器除去船只也降低了内部压力的空气。 The air ejector system design capacity is essential for system start-up.空气喷射系统的设计能力是必不可少的系统启动。 The conventional refrigerant cycle is very efficient and very reliable.传统的制冷剂循环是非常有效和非常可靠。 The simplicity of the refrigerant cooling system will also provide reusable heat for building services and the main steam feed water.制冷剂的制冷系统的简单性也将提供可重复使用的热建设服务和主蒸汽给水。 The refrigerant cooling system is much more efficient than the water-cooled system, less fuel consumption for the same power generated.制冷剂冷却系统比水冷系统，在相同的功率消耗较少的燃料效率的产生。 BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION本发明的小结 This invention has to do with the cooling system for the main steam condenser in the modern-day power plant.本发明为跟在现代的电厂主蒸汽冷凝器冷却系统。 This invention replaces the main steam condenser existing once thru cooling water system with a refrigerant cooling system.这项发明会取代现有的主蒸汽通过冷凝器冷却系统的制冷剂冷却水系统一次。 In order for the steam cycle to function properly the main steam produced by the boiler must have a low-pressure area to discharge into.为了使蒸汽循环正常，主要由锅炉产生蒸汽必须有一个低压区排入。 This area is the main steam condenser.这个区域主要是蒸汽冷凝器。 The lower the pressure area the more efficient the system.在压力较低区域的更有效的系统。 When the energy of the steam is spent, after rotating the turbines, it discharges into the main steam condenser.当蒸汽能源用完之后，旋转后进入主蒸汽涡轮机冷凝器，它的排放。 The steam flows around the condenser tubes, as the coolant flows through the tubes the temperature differen