动词+宾语+宾补.doc

_V.+宾语+宾补高考全解析 “动词+宾语+宾补”的试题是高考试题中常考的知识点，这里呢，我就高考常考的能跟接“宾语+宾补”复合结构的动词进行着重讲解，以帮助亲们掌握这一知识点：一、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如：(1)Agoodfriendissomeonewhomakesyouhappy.（形容词作宾补）(2)Theymademerepeatthestory.（省to的动词不定式）(3)Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.(过去分词作宾补)注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。(4)Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。【高考试题链接】1.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_inhislectures.(07江苏卷)AinterestedBinterestingCinterestDtointerest2.Myparentshavealwaysmademe_aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.(07江苏卷)AfeelingwellBfeelinggoodCfeelwellDfeelgood答案：1.A2.D二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如：(1)WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(宾语somanypeople与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补)(2)Witheverythingheneededtobuy,hewentintothestore.(不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3)Witheverythingheneededbought,heleftthestore.(过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4)Withmykeylost,Icouldntentermyroom.(过去分词作宾补)(5)Withnothingtodo,Iwentoutforawalk.(不定式作宾补)(6)Iwentoutwiththewindowopen.(形容词作宾补)另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1)Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.(2)Helefttheroomwiththelightstillon.【高考试题链接】1.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(07福建卷)AfilledBfillingCtofillDbeingfilled2.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_hegladlyacceptedit.(07安徽卷)AfinishedBfinishingChavingfinishedDwasfinished3.Icouldnttomyhomeworkwithallthenoise_.(05北京)AgoingonBgoesonCwentonDtogoon答案：1.B2.A3.A三、“have+宾语+宾补”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do，doing,done和adj，例如：(1)Illhavemyhaircutthisafternoon.我今天下午要理发。(2)Iwonthaveyousayingtoyourmotherthatway.(3)Herealizedthatshedidnotwishtohavehergowithhim.(4)IexpectAmywillhavetheteareadydirectly.注意：havesthdone的含义为“请别人来做某事或遭遇到某到情况”，例如：(1)Ihadthedoorpaintedlastweek.(2)Hehadhispocketpicked.(3)Shehadherwatchstolen.【高考试题链接】1.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish_inashortperiod.(07福建卷)AimprovedBimprovingCtoimproveDimprove2.DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?He_,becausehedoesntknowmuchaboutcomputers.(07安徽卷)AhasitfixedBhadfixeditChaditfixedDfixedit3.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youvehadit_oftenenough.(05天津)AexplainingBtoexplainCexplainDexplained答案：1.A2.C3.D四、“find+宾语+宾补”的用法“find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式tobe等来充当。分别举例如下：（1）Youwillfinditaverydifficultbook.（2）Theyouthfounditahardproblemtothinkabout.（3）Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofboys.（4）Ihopetofindyouinbetterspiritswhenwemeetagain.（5）IfindtheChinesepeopletobehappyandcheerful.注意：find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有“find+宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。【高考试题链接】Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthekitchen.(03全国卷)AsmokeBsmokingCtosmokeDsmoked答案：B。五、“leave+宾语+宾补”的用法Leave+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语补足这一成分可以由过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当，分述如下：1由过去分词来充当宾语补足语：leavesth/sbdone，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。(1)PleaseexcusemeifIhaveleftanyofyourquestionsunanswered.(2)Hegotupslowlyleavingthelunchunfinished.(3)Didyouleavethedoorsandwindowsfirmlyfastened?可用于被动语态：Hi！Mypatientcantbeleftunattached.2.由现在分词来充当宾语补足语：leavesb/sthdoing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事：(1)Dontleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.(2)Theywentofftogetherandleftmesittingthere.(3)Welefthimpaintingthegate.可用于被动语态：Nowthetemplehasonlyitswallsleftstanding.Thepaperswereleftlyingaround.3.由形容词来充当宾语补足语：(1)Youdbetterleavethedrawing-roomdooropen.(2)Hisillnesshaslefthimweak.可用于被动语态：Thewindowwasleftopen.4.由介词的复合结构充当宾语补足语：(1)Leavehiminpeace!(2)Hisillnesslefthimwithaweakheart.(3)Youvelefthernameoffthelist.可用于被动语态：Iwasleftwithoutarayofhope.【高考试题链接】Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft_.(06天津卷)AunsatisfiedBunsatisfyingCtobeunsatisfyingDbeingunsatisfied答案：A六、“hear+宾语+宾补”的用法“hear+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾补常可以由现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当，如：ThroughthewallhecouldhearHarriscleaninghisteeth.Shecouldheartherainpatteringagainstthewindows.Haveyoueverheardapo