2012考博英语模拟206(考卷附答案).doc

试卷二十八section listening comprehension (略)section vocabularydirections: there are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that best completes the sentence. 11. confucianism has evolved into a culture of rationalistic traditionalism, a combination of traditional _ and group virtues with a pragmatism shaped by the conditions of a new competitive environment. a. helm b. assault c. filial d. derivation 12. the wind may _ the palms in langkawi, but windsurfing is the only way to enjoy it. the waters of phuket are crystal clear, but snorkeling is merely an option. a. haunt b. rustle c. peep d. patent 13. in _ , the whole tangled saga is a classic case of serious allegations falling through the cracks between federal, state and local jurisdictions and between state lines. a. countenance b. retrospect c. gauge d. injection 14. our life is _ away by detail. simplify, simplify. that dictum of henry david thoreaus, echoing from the days of steamboats and ox-drawn plows, had long haunted me. a. frittered b. quenched c. reproached d. scouted 15. the view from the 23rd floor of the sleek tower on barcelonas avenida diagonal _ opaquely as summer smog oozes across the olympic landscape below. a. subtracts b. shimmers c. simulates d. repents 16. special may be too impoverished a word to describe this triumph for a man who climbed to the pinnacle of sport from _ beginnings as the sponsor of a roller-hockey team. a. providential b. illicit c. obscure d. urbane 17. veteran track trainer johnson is scathing in his _ of the leaders of the i. o. c. , these people are megalomaniacs. they are power-hungry administrators. a. heredity b. helicopter c. appraisal d. flame 18. now the _ port city near the mouth of the mighty yangtze river is hoping to leave its record of turmoil behind and renew its status as the epicenter of chinese modernization. a. flapped b. congested c. dined d. dictated 19. i was _ to learn that you are going to spend the summer with your parents in hong kong. a. disgraced b. distracted c. thrilled d. bleached 20. it is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen and it will not be a long process. a. spontaneously b. consequently c. approximately d. principally 21. i had to take a step, even though i understand that that step was in the direction of _ rather than success. a. prestige b. coefficient c. catastrophe d. compliment 22. an enlarged prostate may _ the bladder and pinch off the urethra, causing pain and difficulty with urination. a. collaborate b. compress c. bother d. boil 23. we have many holidays from the end of march till the beginning of april. they are the best days for _ . a. blade b. coincidence c. balcony d. entertainment 24. nor has washington yet _ to mexican demands for a treaty specifying extradition for u. s. officials who disregard the new stricture. a. profaned b. contemplated c. acceded d. manipulated 25. the area is _ with trails, some as wide as boulevards, that have been cut and maintained by elephants. a. blackmailed b. latticed c. isolated d. galloped 26. as a _ major, he enjoyed working in the steel plant. a. metallurgy b. geology c. astronomy d. seismology 27. being the manager of a large corporation, he has a great deal of _ to deal with every day. a. correspondents b. correspondence c. incidence d. dependence 28. she bought various _ , which later reminded her of the trip to thailand. a. segments b. assignments c. pests d. souvenirs 29. people are waiting for _ of whether the man is innocent or not. a. prediction b. perturbation c. expedition d. confirmation 30. he is such a _ that he built a porch for his house last summer during his vacation. a. productive b. versatile c. authoritative d. solitary 31. laura, who comes from a wealthy family, spends most of her time enjoying herself, but takes _ pains with her lessons. a. little b. few c. a little d. a few 32. she felt a bit _ in the autumn air so she went in to fetch a coat. a. chilly b. fresh c. shivering d. cool 33. after lunch i felt _ enough to ask my boss for a rise in my weekly wages. a. strong b. bold fearless c. fearless d. rash 34. an area of rich forests was _ to life. a. advantageous b. decorative c. attracted d. privileged 35. as the clouds drifted away an even higher peak became _ to the climbers. a. visible b. obvious c. apparent d. plain 36. you must try your best to _ to the new environment. a. adopt b. adapt c. adjust d. affect 37. the terrible noise is _ me mad. a. turning b. setting c. driving d. putting 38. he has just _ to a letter from a friend of his in japan. a. answered b. offered c. returned d. replied 39. colour-blind people often find it difficult to _ between blue and green. a. separate b. compare c. distinguish d. contrast 40. bill couldnt _ an answer when the teacher asked him why he was late. a. come up with b. come over c. come on d. come up to 41. when he was asked about the missing camera, the boy _ ever seeing it. a. refused b. denied c. opposed d. pretended 42. i _ that you and jim and bill have all finished this work. a. doubt b. show c. display d. suspect 43. he _ that he has discovered a new planet. a. permits b. claims c. classifies d. confesses 44. attending to a wife and six children _ most of his times. a. gives up b. eats up c. takes up d. breaks up 45. the actors have to _ before they appear in front of the strong lights on television. a. cover up b. make up c. paint up d. do up 46. the nurse _ the doctor in the operation room. a. insisted b. resisted c. assisted d. persisted 47. the americans and the british not only speak the same language but also a large number of social customs. a. join b. take c. share d. have 48. the news you told me the other day has yet to be _ . a. affirmed b. informed c. conformed d. confirmed 49. shes fainted. throw some water on her face and she may soon _ . a. come round b. come back c. come again d. come out 50. quite a lot of people watch tv only to _ time. a. waste b. spend c. kill d. whilesection reading comprehensiondirections: in this section you will read 6 passages. each one is followed by 5 questions about it. you are to choose one best answer a, b, c or d to each question. answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.1 dimpy, as her friends call her, heard about the hazards of smoking in health class. they showed pictures of lungs of people who smoked. it was gross, says the petite 14-year-old. yet, as she shops along the third street promenade in santa monica, calif. , the ninth grader points out all the places where she regularly buys cigarettes without hassle. all my friends smoke, she shrugs, explaining the habit she developed in the sixth grade. once they pressure you, you start. and its kind of hard to stop. as the cigarette industry draws increasing fire, teen smokers like dimpy are becoming the focus of concerned policy makers around the country. supported by a university of michigan study showing a dramatic rise in adolescent tobacco use, the white house is considering ways to curb the surge. among the options: eliminating cigarette vending machines, restricting tobacco advertising, increasing the federal excise tax on cigarettes and launching a national media campaign directed at adolescents. a grand jury in new york has begun an investigation to determine whether philip moms cos. concealed information linking nicotine levels and addictiveness. and the justice department is looking into whether tobacco company executives committed perjury in their april 1994 congressional testimony on how smoking affects health. lack of credibility. but its tough to get an antismoking message through to teens. the california department of health service spends $12 million a year placing antismoking commercials on television, including popular mtv programs, but many teenagers arent buying the message. says erica leona, who will enter eighth grade in the fail, i dont think those ads work, because its like a cartoon, its too exaggerated. in fact, teens seem skeptical about the potential effectiveness of any organized efforts to reduce smoking, like increasing taxes. while research shows that every time taxes go up, sales go down, including among teens, young people say the cost is relatively low in comparison with.other vices. you want weed, itll cost you, says robert caldwell, 14. for cigarettes, you just go anywhere, put 12 quarters into one of those machines, take it and go. other teens maintain that eliminating vending machines wont make cigarettes any harder to buy. you give a guy enough to buy you a pack and a beer, and hell buy the pack, says cameron davis, 13. and advertising isnt really what entices adolescents to smoke. for the most part, they say, teens smoke because of peer pressure. its like sex. says 13-year-old frances, who started smoking at age 9. you feel like, if you dont do it with your boyfriend, he wont like you. in addition, messages that relate to health dont compute with adolescents, who often feel invincible. it doesnt help, says roxanne cannon, editorial director of teen and sassy magazines, that so many teen idols such as ethan hawke, jason priestley and luke perry are seen smoking. teens say any message is more effective if its communicated by other kids. but eyen a white house appeal made by chelsea clinton might not get through to adolescents eager to smoke. i dont listen to my morn when she tells me to stop, says dimpy. why would i listen to anyone else. 51. dimpy, the girl named in this passage _ . a. began to smoke when she was eleven b. became the focus of concerned policymakers because she has been smoking for quite a few years c. showed pictures of gross lungs of smokers to her fellow pupils d. forgot the shops where she usually obtained her cigarettes 52. the efforts against adolescents smoking doesnt have desirable effect mainly because _ . a. the anti-smoking advertisements are not convincing owing to their exaggeration b. the teenage smokers developed the habit of smoking out of the compulsory pressure from their schoolmates c. smoking is a relatively low-costing bad habit d. one can always get cigarettes in pubs when vending machines are removed 53. it would be more effective to persuade the teenager smokers to give up smoking if a. the schools showed more pictures of smokers lungs to the teenager smokers b. the cigarette vending machines could be completely eliminated c. the federal excise tax on cigarettes would be further increased d. the teenager smokers would be convinced by their own fellow pupils 54. it is suggested in the passage that _ . a. teenagers are always more willing to accept their parents advice b. some tobacco manufacturers probably have produced cigarettes with higher levels of nicotine than they admit c. the white house has already decided to scrap all the cigarette vending machines across the nation d. the justice department has found the tobacco company executives guilty of perjury 55. when mentioning the california department of health services efforts m placing antismoking commercials on television, including popular mtv programs, the writer hinted that _ . a. the proportion of adolescent tobacco users has dramatically decreased b. many adolescent smokers are successfully persuaded into giving up smoking c. some teenagers develop the habit of smoking rather than taking weed because cigarettes are relatively cheaper d. teenager smokers are quite certain about the effectiveness of the antismoking campaign2 it was the beginning of a revolution in america and the world, a revolution that some have yet to acknowledge and many have yet to appreciate, says harold skramstad, president of the henry ford museum in dearborn, michigan. 1776? no indeed. 1896, when frank duryea finally perfected the duryea motor wagon. at its first airing, the contraption rolled less than 100 metres before the transmission froze up. but by the end of 1896 duryea had sold 13 of them, thus giving birth to the american motor industry. that industry (whose roots, outside america, are usually attributed to tinkerings by messrs daimler and benz in germany) is being celebrated hugely over the coming months, culminating with a great american cruise in detroit in june. our goal is to attract the greatest collection of antique and classic cars this nation has ever seen in one place at one time, says mr. skramstad modestly. americans may indeed blame the car for almost everything that has happened to their country, and themselves, since 1896. the car has determined. the way they live. from cradle to grave, the car marks every rite of american passage. home by car from the maternity ward; first driving licence (usually at the age of 16); first (backseat) sexual experience; first car of ones own (and the make of car is a prime determinant of social status, symbolic of everything a person is or does). in las vegas, and elsewhere, americans can get married at drive-in chapels. they then buy, or lust after, a house with garages big enough for not one but two or three cars. this allocates more space to cars than to children. and when the time comes, they may lie in state at a drive-through funeral home, where you can pay your respects without pulling over. the way they shop. main street has been replaced by the strip mall and the shopping mall, concentrating consumer goods in an auto-friendly space. a large part of each shopping trip must now be spent, bags under chin, searching for the place where the car was left. (and another point: bags have annoyingly lost their carrying handles since shoppers ceased to be pedestrian) since car-friendly living and shopping became the role, most built-up parts of america now look like every other part. there is simply no difference between a burger inn in california and one on the outskirts of boston. the way they eat. a significant proportion of americans weekly meals are now consumed inside cars, sometimes while parked outside the (drive-by) eatery concerned, sometimes en route, which leads to painful spillages in laps, leading to overburdening of the legal system. dozens of laws have been written to deal with car cases, ranging from traffic disputes to product liability. drive-by shootings require a car, as do most getaways. the car is a great crime accessory; and it als0 causes the deaths of nearly 40,000 americans every year. personal finances. before the age of the car, few people went into debt; no need to borrow money to buy a home. now americans tie themselves up with extended installment loans, and this in turn has spawned a whole financial industry. the wealth of the nation. by 1908, an estimated 485 different manufacturers were building cars in the united states. employment grew nearly 100-fold in the industry during the first decade of the 20th century. when henry ford, in a stroke of genius, automated his production line he required a rush of new, unskilled labour, which he enticed by offering an unheard-of $ 5 a day in wages. henceforth, workers could actually afford to buy what they built. and americans never looked back. today, the big three car manufacturers (food, gm and chrysler) generate more than $200 billion a year in business inside the united states. directly and indirectly, the industry employs roughly one in seven workers. every car job is reckoned to add $100,000 in goods and services to the economy, twice the national average. people occasionally suppose that the car is under attack as it enters its second century. environmental regulators and transport planners (with their talk of car pools and subways) tend to give this impression. there are signs that personal computers may be replacing the sports car as the chief passion, and expense, of young men. but, in the end, nothing beats the idea of individual mobility. in a society that values freedom above all, the obvious way to celebrate a centenary is just to kee