必修4 Unit 1 练习.doc

必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement复习目标闯关语法核心突破主谓一致主谓一致是一种常见的语法现象，它指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。其用法较为复杂主谓一致依据语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三条原则兹简述如下一、名词作主语时的主谓一致1.集体名词作主语若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，若突出个体，谓语动词为复数。常见的这类名词有committee, family, group, class, army, enemy等例如：My family has moved into the new house. 我家已搬进了新房子My family enjoy sports. 我全家人都喜欢运动拓展延伸people, police, youth, cattle等作主语，谓语动词常用复数如：The police have caught the thieves. 警察捉住了盗贼2.单复数同形的名词作主语，谓语动词可为单数，亦可为复数，视其意义而定。如:works（工厂），means（方法），作主语也有类似用法如：Every means has been tried. 每一种方法都试过了All means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了 3.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等度量衡的词语作主语，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。例如：One hundred li/kilometers was covered on a single night. 一夜走了一百里路Five yuan is enough. 五元钱就够了二、并列主语的主谓一致1.and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式，但在下列情况下用单数：and 连接的并列主语指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念例如：The English teacher and headteacher is a young man.英语老师兼班主任是位年轻人and连接的并列名词有each， every， no或many a等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数例如：In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家每一个男女孩子都有受教育的权利 No teacher and no student was present at the party.老师和学生都没有参加晚会2.由or，eitheror， neithernor， not onlyalso，notbut 等连接并列主语时，遵循就近原则，即谓语动词应与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：Either he or I am wrong. 不是他错了就是我错了Not only the students but also the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生就连老师也积极参加体育运动3.两个主语由as well as ,rather than, but, together with, along with, , with, except, besides等连接时，谓语动词的数与最前面的主语保持一致例如：The teacher as well as the students has seen the film.老师和学生都看过这部电影Nobody but Xiao Wang and Xiao Li was here. 只有小王和小李在这儿I as well as they am to ready to help you. 不仅他们，我也愿帮助你 三、名词化形容词作主语时的主谓一致“the + adj.”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。常见的这类词有：the poor, the rich, the sick, the dead, the young, the wise, the deaf, the blind, the learned, the wounded, the aged, the killed, the living, the dying, the English, the French, the Chinese等。例如：The young are required to respect the old. 年轻人应该尊敬老年人。The injured have been taken to hospital. 伤员已经被送往医院四、不定式、动名词和名词从句作主语不定式、动名词和句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：To become doctors is their ambition. 当医生是他们的志愿。Reading without comprehension is no good. 读书而不理解是不行的。When and where this took place is still unknown. 这件事何时何地发生尚不知晓。 【拓展延伸】在what引导的主语从句中，如果表语为复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数。例如：What the children need are interesting books. 孩子们需要有趣的书五、倒装句中的主谓一致倒装句中的谓语动词与后面的主语一致。例如：In the centre of Tianan Men Square stands the Chairman Maos Memorial Hall.毛主席纪念馆位于天安门广场中心Here comes the bus.车来了Here you are.给你！拓展延伸here或there引导的句子有两个以上主语时，遵循就近原则如：Here are some pens and paper for you. 这是给你的钢笔和纸张。【语法专练】1. _ of the land in my hometown _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two third; is B. Two third; are C. Two thirds; is D. Two thirds; are2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away3.The police _ searching for a tall dark man with a beard. Till now more than one person _ suspected.A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are4. What I want _ an interesting book while what he expects _ two cups of coffee. A. is; is B. are; is C. is; areD. are; are 5. More than one _ the people heart and soul.A. official has served B. officials have servedC. official has served for D. officials have served for答案：15 CDCCA高考真题链接1. （2010全国卷新课标卷T22） The workers_the glasses and marked on each box” This Side UP” A carried B delivered C pressed D packed【解析】选D 句意：工人们把这些眼镜包装起来并在每个盒子上标注“此面朝上”。Carry “携带，运送”；deliver “传递，发送”；press “挤压”；pack“包装”。2. （2010湖北B卷T24） Mistakes dont just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes .A. favourable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile【解析】选D。句意：错误并不仅仅是发生，它们因为某个原因而产生。找出原因，让错误变得值得。favourable “赞成的，有利的，良好的”；precious “珍贵的”；essential “基本的”；worthwhile“值得的”。3. （2009福建卷T22） -Why does the Lake smell terrible? -Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted【解析】选D 考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。4. （2009湖北卷T21）Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through【解析】选D 考查动词短语。该句意思是“请你为我检查一下文章看是否有明显错误”。look through可表示“检查，浏览”之意。look around“环顾”，look into“调查”，look up“抬头看，查阅”。5. （2009江苏卷T21） The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing【解析】选A考察主谓一致和时态。population是集合名词，或集体名词，即看成一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。句子说的是江苏现在的人口数量和以及增长，用完成时表示现在的状态。6. (2008重庆卷) Only when I left my parents for Italy_ how much I loved them.A.I realized B. .I had realized C. . had I realized D. did I realize【解析】选D 考查倒装。only 放于句首，要求其后的主句进行部分倒装完形填空：1In 1957, Jane Goodall first met the famous anthropologist (人类学者) Dr Louis Leakey, who later played an important role in her life. With the 36 of gaining insight into humans evolutionary (进化的) past, Dr Leakey 37 a pioneering long-term field study on 38 chimps. Even though Jane had no formal 39 , her patience and determination to understand animals 40 him to choose her for the study. 41 it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa, going there 42 the fulfillment (实现) of her childhood dream. In the summer of 1960 she 43 in Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) on Lake Tanganyikas eastern shore. This marked the 44 of the longest continuous field study of animals in their 45 habitat(栖息地). Five years 46 , she earned a doctors degree at Cambridge University and then 47 to Tanzania to found the Gombe Stream Research Center. And in 1977, to provide on- -going 48 for chimp research, Dr Goodall 49 The Jane Goodall Institute. Today, she 50 most of her time traveling around the world, giving lectures on her 51 at Gombe and speaking to school groups about Roots & Shoots, her environmental education and humanitarian program for the 52 . “Chimps have given me so 53 . The long hours spent with them in the 54 have enriched my life beyond measure. What I have learned from them has shaped my 55 of human behavior, of our place in nature.”36. A. way B. ideaC. knowledgeD. method 37. A. suggested B. achievedC. arguedD. changed 38. A. modest B. special C. rude D. wild 39. A. exercise B. trainingC. living D. practice 40. A. devoted B. let C. made D. led 41. A. If B. BecauseC. Although D. Once42. A. meant B. stopped C. intended D. inspired43. A. arrived B. left C. reached D. went 44. A. end B. beginningC. happeningD. achievement 45. A. new B. old C. man-madeD. natural 46. A. later B. before C. ago D. behind 47. A. connected B. referredC. returned D. turned 48. A. environmentB. evidence C. time D. support 49. A. created B. built C. founded D. set50. A. costs B. spends C. pays D. devotes 51. A. bravery B. presenceC. experiences D. appearance 52. A. animals B. youth C. human D. adults 53. A. little B. many C. much D. few 54. A. field B. universityC. institute D. forest55. A. imagination B. desireC. understanding D. protectionkeys：36-40 BADBD 41-45 CAABD 46-50 ACDCB 51-55 CBCDC2Sheri Straily never knew how far lifes highway could take her 36 her dream for her children helped her find out.Growing up，Sheri 37 thought for a moment that shed 38 it to college.Instead，she took a job driving a tractortrailer.39 years passed，Sheri fell in love，married and had three children. 40 she wanted to be close to home，she 41 to a desk job at the trucking company.But one day after work，while Sheri was 42 her kids playing，she began to think，“I want them to achieve so much，but how can I afford to give them the 43 theyll need,like college?”Then it came to her：she was the one who needed 44 first.“45 for it，”her husband encouraged her.So Sheri enrolled at the University of Denvers Womens College，46 let her take all of her classes on weekends，so she 47 still work.Though Sheri loved her 48,she missed home.Sheri would stay at home on weekends.49 make the two-hour trip to school.“I wish I were home with Steve and the 50，”shed think.But Eric，eight，Ryan，seven，and Kristin，five，51 their mom all the way.“52 do your best，”they said.Sheri did，getting straight As as she entered a 53 in business administration. Now she is attending the University of Denver Law School on a merit scholarship.“It hasnt been 54，”wrote Sheri，“but its 55 for me and my family.”36.A.after B.beforeC.untilD.once37.A.never B.justC.everD.even38.A.hit B.makeC.admitD.have39.A.Since B.WithC.WhileD.As40.A.Because B.ForC.ThereforeD.Thus41.A.asked B.returnedC.switchedD.sought42.A.finding B.noticingC.seeingD.watching43.A.opportunitiesB.moneyC.jobsD.career44.A.schoolB.collegeC.helpD.assistance45.A.GoB.SearchC.GetD.Come46.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.as47.A.couldB.mustC.shouldD.may48.A.teachersB.studiesC.classmatesD.job49.A.rather thanB.other thanC.as well asD.less than50.A.kidsB.relativesC.husbandD.parents51.A.opposedB.backedC.agreedD.liked52.A.RarelyB.JustC.StillD.Never53.A.degreeB.workC.jobD.interview54.A.difficultB.unusualC.ordinaryD.easy55.A.rewardingB.interestingC.movingD.demanding36.解析：句意为“Sheri Straily从不知道生活的高速公路能把她带到多远，直到她对孩子的梦想帮助她发现（生活的高速公路能把她带到多远）”，所以选until。答案：C37.解析：通过上文的never knew的提示，选出never thought，“长这么大，她从未想过能上大学”。答案：A38.解析：make it相当于manage to do sth.或succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功、做到”。答案：B39.解析：“随着一年年的过去”，as（“随着”）后接从句。若选择with应改成with years passing。答案：D40.解析：“因为她想离家近一些，所以她换了到卡车公司坐办公室的工作。”答案：A41.解析：switch“转换”。答案：C42.解析：watch“注视、观看”；see“看到”。答案：D43.解析：“但是我怎么能给他们提供他们所需要的机会呢？”opportunity“机会”，与chance相似。答案：A44.解析：根据上文的提示like college,选出此题的答案是B。答案：B45.解析：根据下文的encourage，选择go for“努力获取”。答案：A46.解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中充当主语，指代“Sheri enrolled at the University of Denvers Womens College”。答案：C47.解析：根据上文可知句意为“因此她仍然能工作”，所以选A。答案：A48.解析：上文讲的是她上大学的事，所以这句的意思应为“尽管Sheri喜欢学习，但她还是想家”。答案：B49.解析：根据上文的“she missed home”,选rather than“而不是”。全句意为“周末，Sheri将待在家中，而不是花两小时的路程去学校”。other than“除之外”；as well as“与一样好”“和”“除之外”；less than“少于”。答案：A50.解析：通过下文的“Eric，eight，Ryan，seven，and Kristin，five”推测出此空应填kids“孩子”,相当于children。答案：A51.解析：oppose“反对”;back“支持”；agree“同意”，应说agree with sb.。答案：B52.解析：just用在祈使句中意为“就请，尽管好了”。本句的意思是“就请尽力吧！”。答案：B53.解析：“Sheri尽力了，在参加商业管理的学位考试时顺利地得到了A。” degree “学位”。答案：A54.解析：通过下文的but知道前后意义发生转折，因此选择easy。答案：D55.解析：rewarding“值得的”。答案：A3Harriet Tubman was born a slave. She didnt get a 36 to go to school. 37 a child, Harriet had to work very hard in 38 all day. That way, her owner could 39 a lot of money when he sold his crops. Harriet 40 think that she was being treated fairly. 41 Harriet grew up, she ran away from the plantation（庄园） to the northern United States. There, and in Canada, 42 could be free.Harriet liked to be free. She felt 43 for all of the black people who were 44 slaves.Harriet returned to 45 to help other slaves to run away. She made 46 that they got to the north and became free.Harriet was in great 47 because of a law that 48 . The law said it was not permitted to 49 runaway slaves. She also 50 that the slave owners said they would 51 $ 4 000 to anyone who could catch Harriet Tubman.There were many stories about Harriet 52 slaves run away. In all, she made nineteen trips back to the South and guided about 300 slaves to 53 . When the Civil War broke out, the northern states 54 with the southern states. Harriet 55 the northern states because the northerners believed that slaves should be free. She worked as a nurse and spied behind enemy lines until the northern states won the war.36. A. day B. chance C. permission D. moment37. A. As B. Being C. Since D. Like38. A. the farm B. a school C. the fields D. a factory39. A. make B. pay C. got D. spend40. A. certainly B. didnt C. did D. no longer41. A. Since B. After C. Then D. With42. A. the white B. white C. black D. black people43. A. happy B. sure C. wrong D. sorry44. A. still B. yet C. only D. not45. A. Canada B. the South C. the North D. the U. S.46. A. perfect B. way C. possible D. sure47. A. anger B. anxiety C. hurry D. danger48. A. has just been passed B. had just been broken C. had just been passed D. has just been broken49. A. help B. set free C. stop D. catch50. A. found B. noticed C. found out D. made sure51. A. pay B. make C. spend D. get52. A. help B. helped C. helping D. to help53. A. freedom B. safety C. North D. southern states54. A. united B. fought C. made peace D. gave in55. A. looked for B. stood for C. looked on D. went tokeys：3640 BACAB 4145 BDDAB 4650 DDCAC 5155 ACABB重点解析：36. 此处不是强调上学时间的长短，排除A、D。从下文As a child, Harriet had to work.看，她是没有机会去上学，而不是别人不允许。故选B。37. As a child 相当于when she was a child。38. 从下文的That way, her owner could make a lot of money when he sold his crops.分析，排除B、D，farm与on搭配，故答案为C。40. 从下文她长大后，从庄园逃跑判断，她认为别人对她不公平，她地和逃跑，故答案为B。43. 根据下文她帮奴隶逃跑一事，她对奴隶应该感到同情，抱歉和不安，故选D。45. 根据上下文，她从南部逃到北部，再回，应该是回到南部，故选B。47. in danger固定词组，意为“处于危险中，有危险”。48. break the law破坏法律，pass the law通过法律，根据上下文，排除B、D、A时态与上下文不一致，故选C。52. about为介词，介词后应用名词或v.-ing作宾语，Harriet是v.-ing的逻辑主语，故选C。55. stand for 意为“赞同，支持”，符合句意，故选B。阅读理解：AA large number of women in Western European countries wish that they were born men. The number is said as high as 60% in West Germany.“Women often wish that they had the same chance as men have, and believe it is still mens world,” said Dr James Holden, one of the scientists who did the study.Anne Harper has a very good job for an international oil company. She also believes in “Womens Liberation”. “I dont wish that I were a man,” she says. “And I dont think many women do. But I do wish that people would stop looking down upon us women. At work, for example, we often do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs that are usually the best ones and open only to men. If youre a man, you have a much better chance of leading an exciting life. How many women pilots are thereor engineers or scientists?”56. A lot of women in wish that they were born men. A. European countriesB. West Germany C. West EuropeD. West Germany57. “It is still a mens would.” Means “ ” A. Therere more men than women in the world. B. Therere more men scientists or engineers than women in the world. C. Women cannot live without men. D. Women have not been given the same chance as men.58. Anne Harper considers that women should . A. be really liberatedB. live a better life C. be well paidD. get better jobs than men59. Anne Harper doesnt wish that she were a man because she . A. has got a very good job B. believes in “Women Liberation” C. does the work that a man cant do D. isnt looked down upon by anyone60. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Usually the best jobs are not open to women. B. Women are less paid than men for the same job. C. Therere more men pilots, engineers and scientists than women. D. Women are looked down upon because theyre the second-class citizens（二等公民）.keys：5660 CDABD重点解析：56. 该题为句意理解题。从第一句中in Western European countries 来理解，西部的欧洲国家即西欧，故选C。57. 该题为句意理解题。从文中对男女平等问题的争论中，可看出女人在许多方面并没有得到同等的机会、待遇，故选D。58该题为推理题。从她believes in Womens Liberation及对男女平等的希望与描述中，可推出她希望的是真正的妇女解放，故选A。60. 该题为是非判断题。妇女之所以受歧视，是因为人们的偏见，并非源于妇女本身，故D为不正确叙述。BAgnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the Womens Liberation Movement in the United States. She was born on a farm in Missouri in 1892. Strangely enough she had a very happy life as a child. She was the only daughter and the youngest child of five. Her parents and her brothers always treated her as their favorite.In 1896 the family moved to Chicago. Three years later they moved back to St. Louis where Agnes spent the rest of her childhood. She enjoyed her years in school and was an excellent student of mathematics. She also was quite skillful as a painter.It was when Agnes went off to college that she first learned that women were not treated as equals. She didnt like being treated unequally but she tried not to notice it. After graduating from college she tried to get a job in her major fieldphysics. She soon found it was almost impossible for a woman.Agnes spent a full year looking for a job. Finally she gave up in anger. She began writing letters of anger to various newspapers. An editor in New York liked her ideas very much. He specially liked her style. He asked her to do a series of stories on the difficulties that women had in finding a job. And there she b