George Eliot介绍.ppt

GeorgeEliot乔治艾略特18191880,MaryAnnEvans玛丽安伊万斯,GeorgeEliot(18191880),GeorgeEliot,AnEnglishnovelistandoneoftheleadingwritersoftheVictorianera.,EliotsbirthplaceatSouthFarm,Arbury,Eliotslife,MaryAnnEvans,betterknownbyherpennameGeorgeEliot,wasborninChilversCoton,Warwickshire.Herfatherwasacarpenterwhorosetobealandagent.Whenshewasafewmonthsold,thefamilymovedtoGriff,acheerfulred-brick,ivory-coveredhouse,andthereEliotspent21yearsofherlifeamongpeoplethatshelaterdepictedinhernovels.,EliotsLife,GeorgeEliotwaseducatedathomeandinseveralschools,anddevelopedastrongevangelicalpietyatMrs.WallingtonsSchoolatNeneaton.However,laterEliotrejectedherdogmaticfaith.Whenhermotherdiedin1836,shetookchargeofthefamilyhousehold.In1841,shemovedwithherfathertoCoventry,whereshelivedwithhimuntilhisdeathin1849.,EliotsLife,DuringthistimeshemetCharlesBray,afree-thinkingCoventrymanufacturer.Hiswife,Caroline(Cara)wasthesisterofCharlesHennel,theauthorofaworkentitled.AnInquiryConcerningtheOriginofChristianity(1838).ThereadingofthisandotherrationalisticworksinfluenceddeeplyEliotsthoughts.Afterherfathersdeath,EliottravelledaroundEurope.ShesettledinLondonandtookupworkassubeditorofWestminsterReview.,EliotsMajorWorks,1.Translation:TheEssenceofChristianity基督教的本质2.EditorofTheWestminsterReview威斯敏斯特评论,EliotsMajorWorks,Threestories:“TheSadFortunesoftheReverendAmosBarton”“阿莫斯巴顿牧师的不幸遭遇”2)“Mr.GilfilsLoverStory”“吉尔菲尔先生的恋爱史”3)“JanetsRepentance”“珍妮特的忏悔”,3.ScenesofClericalLife教区生活场景1857,EliotsMajorWorks,RemarkableNovels:4.AdamBede亚当贝德5.TheMillontheFloss弗洛斯河上的磨房6.SilasMarner织工马南,descriptionofrurallife;moralproblems;psychologicalstudiesofcharacters,1859;1860;1861.,EliotsMajorWorks,7.Romola罗慕拉1863,ahistoricalnoveloftheRenaissanceinItaly,problemsofreligionandmorality,studiedmorethan500booksanddocumentsinrelationtoart,antiquity(古人)andoldMSS,manuscripts,EliotsMajorWorks,8.FelixHolttheRadical，1866费立可斯霍尔特9.Middlemarch，(18711872)米德尔马契10.DanielDeronda，1876丹尼尔德龙达,TheCharacteristicsofGeorgeEliotsWorks,Eliotusedamalepenname,shesaid,toensurethatherworksweretakenseriously.Femaleauthorswerepublishedundertheirownnames,butEliotwantedtoensurethatshewasnotseenasmerelyawriterofromances.MostofherworkssetinprovincialEnglandandwellknownfortheirrealismandpsychologicalinsight.,TheCharacteristicsofEliotsWorks,Writingatthelatterhalfofthe19thcenturyandcloselyfollowingthecriticalrealistwriters,GeorgeEliotwasworkingatsomethingnew.Byjoiningtheworldsofinwardpropensityandoutwardcircumstancesandshowingthembothoperatinginthelivesofhercharacters,sheinitiatesanewtypeofrealismandsetsintomotionavarietyofdevelopments,leadinginthedirectionofboththenaturalisticandpsychologicalnovel.,TheCharacteristicsofEliotsWorks,Asawomanofexceptionalintelligenceandlifeexperience,GeorgeEliotshowsaparticularconcernforthedestinyofwomen,especiallythosewithgreatintelligence,potentialandsocialaspirations.Inhermind,thepathetictragedyofwomenliesintheirverybirth.Theirinferioreducationandlimitedsociallifedeterminethattheymustdependonmenforsustenanceandrealizationoftheirgoals,andtheyhaveonlytofulfillthedomesticduties.,AdamBede亚当贝德,ThefirstnovelwrittenbyGeorgeEliotandwaspublishedin1859.Itwaspublishedpseudonymously,eventhoughEliot(whoserealnamewasMaryAnnEvans)wasawell-publishedandhighlyrespectedscholarofhertime.Thenovelhasremainedinprinteversince,andisusedinuniversitystudiesof19thcenturyEnglishliterature.,PlotSummaryofAdamBede,ThestorysplotfollowsfourcharactersrurallivesinthefictionalcommunityofHayslopearural,pastoralandclose-knitcommunityin1799.Thenovelrevolvesaroundalove“rectangle”betweenbeautifulbutthoughtlessHettySorrel;CaptainArthurDonnithorne,theyoungsquirewhoseducesher;AdamBede,Hettysunacknowledgedlover,andDinahMorris,Hettyscousin,virtuousandbeautifulMethodistlaypreacher.,PlotSummaryofAdamBede,Adamisalocalcarpenter,inlovewithHetty.Hettyisattractedtothelocalsquiresgrandsonandfallsinlovewithhim.WhenAdaminterruptsatrystbetweenthem,AdamandArthurfight.ArthurleavesHaysloptoreturntohismilitia.Afterheleaves,Hettydiscoverssheispregnant.SheagreestomarryAdambutshortlybeforetheirmarriage,hassecondthoughtsandleavesinsearchofArthur.Shecannotfindhim;unwillingtoreturntothevillageandshameherfamily,shedeliversherbabyanonymously.Shekillsthechildbyabandoningitinafield,whereitdiesofexposure.,PlotSummaryofAdamBede,Sheiscaughtandtriedforchildmurder.Sheisfoundguiltyandsentencedtohang.WhenArthurDonnithorne,onleavefromthemilitiaforhisgrandfathersfuneral,hearsofherimpendingexecution,heracestothecourtandhasthesentencecommutedtotransportation.Ultimately,AdamandDinah,whohasalwayslovedthecarpenter,marryandlivepeacefullywithhisfamily.,MajorThemes,HonorLoveNatureIndustryMotherhoodSacrificeFemaleidentityandautonomy,CriticismofAdamBede,Itgoesdeepintothedarkrecessesofhumannatureandsetsforthaphilosophyofconductandinexorableretributionforwrongdoing.SetinthecountrysideoftheEnglishMidlandsatthestartofthe19thcenturyitrelatesastoryofseduction,crime,remorseandsuffering.,CriticismofAdamBede,TheimportanceoftheLyricalBalladstothewayAdamBedeiswrittenhasoftenbeennoted.Likeitsmodel,AdamBedefeaturesminutelydetailedempiricalandpsychologicalobservationsaboutilliteratecommonfolkwho,becauseofthe