初中定语从句基础篇.ppt

Unit9IlikemusicthatIcandancetoTheAttributiveClause,(定语从句基础篇),请先看两个例子1.Becarefulofthedogthatdoesntbark.2.Dontwaketheboywhoissleeping.,定语从句,什么是定语从句呢？,修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,结构：先行词+关系代词+句子,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.,先行词,_,_,关系代词,_,定语从句,关系词,关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why,人(n.)+who/that+从句物(n.)+that/which+从句,Ilikeclothes.,Clotheslookunusual.,Ilikeclothes,thatlookunusual.,clothes,6,Ilikemovies.,Moviesareaboutmonsters.,Ilikemovies,thatareaboutmonsters,movies,7,Ilikesomefriends.,Somefriendslikesports.,Ilikefriends,wholikesports.,friends,8,Ihaveanapple.,Anappleisred.,Ihaveanapple,thatisred.,修饰先行词anapple,主语,主语,关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。,Ilikesomefriends.,Somefriendslikesports.,Ilikesomefriends,wholikesports.,修饰先行词friends,主语,主语,/that,关系词who/that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。,Ilikethemusic.,Icandancetothemusic.,Ilikethemusic,thatIcandanceto.,宾语,宾语,关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。,Ilikethegirl.,Youaretalkingtothegirl.,Ilikethegirl,who(m)youaretalkingto.,宾语,宾语,/that,关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。,指人：that,who,whom,指物：that，which,关系代词,*关系代词连接先行词和定从。*关系代词代指前面的先行词，又在定语从句中作主语或宾语。*做主语时，从句中动词单复数形式由先行词决定，作宾语时，关代可省略。,小结：that既可指，也可指，作主语，省略；作宾语，可以。which只指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,who指，作主语，不能；作宾语，可以,（常用whom）,Who/that在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。Iprefershoesthatarecool.Shehasadogthatlookslikealion.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.,Itsananimalthat/which.,looksreallybeautiful,doesntsingclearly,singverywell,大胆描写我们的同学：,istheboy/girlwho,istheboywhohaslonghair.isthegirlthatishelpful.,关系代词who/that的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.singclearlycandance,练习：判断Who/that在从句中担任主语还是宾语。并将每个句子一分为二。,IlovesingerswhowritetheirownsongsHeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Ipreferasandwichthatisreallydelicious.,主语,宾语,宾语,主语,Ilovesingers.Thesingerswritetheirownsongs,Heistheman.Imethimyesterday.,Ilikemusic.Icandancetothemusic.,Ipreferasandwich.Itisreallydelicious.,任务II.组装句子。1.Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._.3.Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic._,Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.,Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.,Tonylikesmusicthathecandanceto.,MatchthetwosentencesImreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._,Imreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.,Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.,Idontlikethemanwhoissmoking.,任务I.阅读下列句子，再用who/that填空。1.Ihaveabrother_likessoccer.2.Tomdoesntlikemovies_aretoolongandtooscary.3.Weprefergroups_playloudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriends_oftenhelpeachother.,who/that,that,that,who/that,whose在从句中作定语,表示所属关系。其后的事物属于先行词的一部分。,Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.,Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.,可译成“先行词的”,Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.whosD.whichLookatthegirl_nameisLucy.A.whoB.thatC.whosD.whose,(1)指物时只用that，不用which的场合。,当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代时，a.Wehavedoneallthatcansavehim.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youneed.,先行词被all,every,no,修饰时：,Ivereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.,先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或theonly,thelast修饰时。,Thisisthebestbook(that)Iveeverread.,Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritten.,Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.,Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools（that）hehadvisited.,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，关代用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。,that和which的选择,Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?,Which引导定语从句时，可用于介词后。（介词提前时，指物用which，指人用whom),（2）只用which的情况,Thisisthethemountainfromwhichwecanseethesunrise.(日出),练习题,1、All_isusefultousisgood.,A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whether,C,2、Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek?,A、whereB、thatC、whichD、theone,B/C,3、Shewillneverforgettheday_shespentinBeijing.,A、whenB、whatC、whichD、why,C,16、Thisistheonlything_Icandonow.,A、whatB、whichC、thatD、all,C,19、Thisisthereason_hetoldme.,A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthat,A,