module知识点.doc

Module 1-Module 3 知识点总结一、固定词组及用法1. be similar to 与类似；与相似similar 可以作定语也可以作表语，而alike只可以作表语，like表示“同一样”时常用作介词。eg: My opinions are similar to his.我的看法与他的很相似These two children are very much alike.这两个孩子长得很像She was like a mother to me对我来说，她就像母亲一样2. attitude to / towards 对待的态度We should have a correct attitude to English study. 我们应该用正确的态度对待英语学习。3. far from 远离， 远远不； 决不eg: My home is far from the post office.我家离邮局很远Im far from pleased with your answer.我对你的回答很不满意As far as I am concerned就我而言。A far as I am concerned, this is a bad idea.在我看来，这个办法不好。4. be enthusiastic about 热衷于（enthusiasm 热情热心，名词）eg, Li lei is enthusiastic about drawing. 李雷热衷于画画。5. be amazed at / by 对感到吃惊 It is amazing that 令人惊讶to ones amazement 使某人吃惊的是 eg: I was amazed at her change. 对他的变化我感到很惊讶。 It is amazing that he has supported the orphan in the past three years. 三年来他一直在资助这个孤儿真是令人惊讶6. nothing like 一点也不像 something like 有点像，大约7. have fun 玩的开心a lot of fun, 非常快乐（fun不可数名词）for fun 为了消遣make fun of 取笑；嘲弄8. be bored with对感到厌烦=be tired of eg: My brother has been bored with his job. 我哥哥已经厌烦了他的工作boring adj. 令人厌烦的eg：He is such a boring man 他就是这么一个惹人烦的人9. in other words换句话说in a/one word 总之；一句话10. look forward to sth./ doing sth. 期盼（做）某事eg: We are looking forward to your letter . 我们期待着你的来信 =we are looking forward to receiving your letter.11. impress sb with sth = make an impression on sb. 给某人以深刻印象eg: She impressed me with her sweet voice. 她甜美的嗓音给我留下深刻的印象 Her speech made an impression on us. 她的演讲给我们留下了深刻的印象12. 表示倍数关系的几种方式（1）A + be + 倍数 + as + adj. / adv. + as + B（2）A + be + 倍数 + the size / length / width / height of B（3）A + be + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B例句：Shanghai is three times as large as our city= Shanghai is three times the size of our city= Shanghai is twice larger than our city.上海是我们城市大小的三倍。13Brilliant 出色的，非常棒的，很好的，极妙的14. teaching method= method of teaching教学方法15. reading comprehension 阅读理解16. introduce to把.介绍.给.；向.介绍.eg, today we introduced ourselves to each other. 今天我们进行了互相介绍。*introduce-introduction, 介绍17.Take part in常表示参加一些大型的社会性活动，如体育活动、劳动、游行示威等。Join 常用于加入某一个组织或团体，成为其中的一员。Join in 常用于参加一些小型的活动，如讨论、对话、游戏等。Attend 常用于参加、出席一些正式的聚会、学习、研讨等，如会议、上学、听报告等。Are you going to take part in the English competition? 你们会参加英语比赛吗？Mary has just joined her family in Australia.玛丽刚和她的家人在澳大利亚团聚。We invited him to join in our discussion.我们邀请他加入我们的讨论。The meeting is to be held on the fifth floor and we hope everyone will attend.会议在5楼召开，希望大家都来参加。18.be different from 和不同This book is different from that one.这本书和那本不一样。19. Would you mind? 你介意吗？（mind 后面可以跟动名词作宾语， 也可以跟从句作宾语，从句要用虚拟语气）Would you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗？Would you mind if I came with you? 我和你一起去你不介意吧？Would you mind? 和Do you mind? 句型的答语：（1） 肯定回答“不介意”：Certainly not. /Of course not. /No, go ahead. /No at all. /Not a bit.（2） 否定回答“介意”：Im sorry, but I do. /Yes, I do mind. /Im sorry, but youd better not.注意： do you mind 后面的从句不用虚拟语气。Do you mind if I close the window? 我把窗户关上你不介意吧？20. so +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语 。 表示前面所说的情况也适用于另外的一个人或物。eg, He is an artist. So is she. 她也是。I saw the movie. So did I.我也看过。Nancycan play the violin. So can I.我也会。否定回答为： neither/nor +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语eg, Bob wasnt at school yesterday. Neither/nor was Jack. 鲍勃昨天没在学校，杰克也没在。She doesnt want to go. Neither/nor do I. 她不想去， 我也不想去。So+主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词。 确实是这样。 表示对前面陈述事实的强调。eg, Tom is a college student. So he is. Tom 是个大学生，的确如此。Tom works very hard at all the subjects. So he does. Tom 每门功课都非常用功，真的是这样。21. secondary school 中学high school diploma 高中毕业证go to college 上大学be divided into把.分成几份； .被分成.summer vacation 暑假after-school activities 课后活动at the start of.在.开始的时候at the end of 在结束的时候no way 没门1.表示偏爱prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.与.相比更喜欢.prefer doing sth. to doing sth.与.相比更喜欢eg, Id prefer to do “travel”. 我更喜欢完成“旅游”这一话题。Many people prefer living in the country to living the city. 很多人偏爱住在乡间而不喜欢住在都市。My sister prefers to practice dancing rather than go shopping. 我姐姐更愿意练习跳舞，也不愿意去购物。:2.patient. 1)adj.有耐心的;能容忍的;能忍受的 be patient with sb.对某人耐心; be patient of sth.能忍受(事情)的,eg: The doctor is very patient with his patients.那位医生对病人很耐心.She was patient of hardship.她能忍受苦难.2) n.病人,患者拓展词汇: patiently adv. Patience n. “耐心;忍耐力”lose (ones ) patience with sth./sb. 对不能忍耐work hard with patience 勤勤恳恳地工作3. appreciate vt. 感激;欣赏;赞美;重视,其后可以加名词/代词/动名词,eg: He appreciates your talents. 他很赏识你的才能。I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island. 我真的很欣赏有时间和你一起在这个美丽的岛上放松一下。I greatly appreciate your help.我感激你救了我儿子的命。拓展：appreciation n. 评价；鉴赏（力）；理解4. first impression 第一印象5.They say that= it is said that 据说6.make mistakes 犯错误7. avoid vt. 逃避；避免；回避，后跟名词/动名词做宾语，不跟不定式。即avoid n./doingeg：Fortunately, we were able to avoid an accident.我们幸而逃过了一场灾难。I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.我尽量避免遇到他。8. admit v. 承认；让进入；（场所）可容纳，其后可接名词/代词/动名词（不接不定式）/宾语从句常用的结构有：admit sb to do sth.和 admit doing sth.eg：The man didnt admit me into the theatre.Tom admitted having broken the glass.=Tom admitted that he had broken the glass. 汤姆承认是他打碎了玻璃。be admitted to Beijing University被北京大学录取9. explain v. 解释；说明；阐明 常用的结构有： explain sth. to sb.=explain to sb. sth. eg：Please explain this problem to me. 请给我说明一下这个问题。I explained to him that I couldnt help him. 我向他说明另外不能帮他的原因。拓展：explanation n.解释；说明；辩解 in explanation of 作为的说明10.amusing adj.有趣的；滑稽的；娱乐的 an amusing story 有趣的故事 an amusing man 一个有趣的人拓展：amuse v.使人快乐，逗笑be amused at/by/with 以为乐11. respect vt. n. 尊重，尊敬，敬重（1）respect sb. 尊敬某人; respect oneself 自尊; respect the feeling of others 尊重别人的感情;respect the law 遵守法律（2）have/show respect for 尊敬We should have/show respect for the old. 我们应该尊敬老人。（3）用作名词，作“尊敬”解，不可数；作“问候”解，常用复数形式。give/send /pay ones respects to sb. 向某人问候She sent her respects to my parents. 她向我的父母问候。12.make sure 一定要,保证做到,弄清楚Make sure you get there on time. 一定要准时到达那里。We must make sure of the facts.我们必须把事实搞清楚.Lets make sure that it has been finished. 让咱们搞清楚这工作是否确实已经完成. 13. so that 常引导一个结果状语从句。eg： He studies very hard, so that he can catch up with others in his class. 他学习很刻苦，以便能赶上班上的其他同学。14Hes kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it! 她语法讲解地如此清晰,甚至连我也能听懂.Sothat如此以至于引起表示结果的状语从句。So是副词，与形容词或副词连用，其结构是：so+adj./adv.+that +从句eg：He became so angry that he couldnt speak. 他气得说不出话来。Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over.我跌了这么多跤，以至全身都是青一块紫一块的。sothat也可以引导目的状语从句。eg： She got up so early that she could catch the early bus.她起地很早，目的是赶上早班车。15. Make a little/much/rapid progress with在某方面取得一点/很大/迅速的进步。Progress是不可数名词。eg：I have made a lot of progress with my English. 我在英语方面取得了很大的进步。16.dare 敢，既可以用作情态动词，也可以用作实义动词。否定式即可以是dare not 也可以是dont/doesnt dare eg： He dare not tell his father what he did yesterday.= He didnt dare to tell his father what he did yesterday.17. unless=ifnot 如果不，除非 eg： One cannot learn a foreign language well unless he studies hard. 除非刻苦学习，否则是学不好外语的。18. keep doing sth. 不断做某事，老是做某事（连续不断地或反复地发生）Alice kept waving to us. 爱丽丝不断地向我们挥手。They kept improving their technical skill. 他们不断地提高他们的技术水平。For many years he has kept writing to us.好些年来他一直给我们写信。19.as a result 结果 eg：We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends. 我们在学习上相互帮助，结果我们成了好朋友。as a result of=because of 由于eg：The flight was delayed as a result of fog. 因有雾该航班误点了。20. fall asleep 入睡, 睡着 sound asleep 睡得香21. tell jokes 讲笑话（=tell a joke）；make a joke 讲笑话，开玩笑；play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 eg：The man often plays a joke on the stupid person. 那个人经常开那个傻子的玩笑。22.relaxed adj. 轻松的，不紧张的； a relaxed smile 轻松的微笑； a relaxed style of teaching 使人感到轻松的教学方法； be relaxed with.和.相处随意而轻松eg, in America, students and teachers are quite relaxed with each other. 在美国，师生之间的关系是不拘束的。He felt very relaxed after the examination. 考完后他感到很放松。23. have problem/trouble with sth. 在某方面有问题eg, Do you have any problems with your English study? 你在英语学习方面有什么困难吗？24. be strict with sb对某人要求严格25. its up to you. 这件事由你来决定。be up to sb. 由某人来决定eg. It is up to you to decide whether we buy it or not. 由你来决定我们要不要买它。26Consider认为，考虑1）表“认为”时，后面常跟sb. /sth. To be /as或接that从句，其中to be 或as可以省略。eg, they consider themselves to be Europeans. 她们认为自己是欧洲人。2）表示“考虑”时，后面接名词、代词、动名词或从句。Consider doing sthI seriously considered resigning. 我是认真地考虑过辞职的。27. in fact 事实上1 Distance 距离，间距，遥远long-distance. 长距离， 长途in the distance 在远处，在远方 from a distance 从远处at a distance 相距，隔开一段距离eg, we saw a light in the distance. 我们看到远处有灯光。2 Try to do sth 尽力做某事Try doing sth 尝试做某事eg, we tried to catch the bus in the morning.The students tried doing the experiment with a scientific method.3. refer to 提到；涉及；参考，查阅（to为介词）后接名词、代词或动名词。eg, we often refer to the dictionaries in our work.我们在工作中经常查阅字典。We agreed never to refer to the matter again.我们同意永远不再提这件事。 refer to 表示“查阅，可以直接跟dictionary/book/map等词作宾语，构成refer to sth结构look up表示“查阅“，不能直接跟dictionary/book/map等词作宾语，而跟具体查阅对象，可用look sth. up in a dictionary/book/map结构。eg, Look the word up in your dictionary. 翻翻词典查一下这个词。4.more than 超过，多于，不仅仅eg, More than one student has seen the film. 不止一个学生看过那部电影。less than 不到，少于I have been in this school for less than a year.我在这所学校不到一年。5. get on 上车、船等 get off 下车、船等get into 上车get out of 下车take off 起飞6.in the middle of :在-的中间right : (adv.) 正好，恰恰，表示时间或空间的精确性即刻，就现在Right now就在这里Right here在课室的正中间Right in the middle of class7.spend有“用(钱)， 花费，度过”的意思。常用于 spendon sth.Spend(in)doing stheg, I spent three hundred yuan on this coat.我花三百块钱买了一件衣服。He spent one hour (in) doing his homework last night.昨晚他花了一小时做作业。