中西方饮食习惯对比研究 Comparison between Chinese and Western Diet.doc

comparison between chinese and western diet 中西方饮食习惯对比研究中西方饮食习惯对比研究 name： student no.: specialty and class: department: supervisor: contents 1. introduction.5 2. two different concepts of the diet .6 2.1 west food is a rational concept.6 2.2. the chinese diet.7 3. chinese and western diet object differences.8 3.1the western diet mainly in meat .8 3.2 the chinese diet prefer to a vegan diet.8 3.3 plant disposition and animal character.9 4. the different ways of diet .9 4.1 the chinese diet.9 4.2 on the western diet.10 4.3 differences in the change.10 5. the future prospects of the chinese and western food .10 bibliography.11 acknowledgements.12 摘摘 要要 中西文化之间的差异造就了中西饮食文化的差异，而这种差异来自中西方 不同的思维方式和处世哲学。中国人注重“天人合一” ，西方人注重“以人为本” 。这种价值理念的差别形成了中餐以食表意、以物传情的特点，过分注重饭菜 的意、色、形，基本追求色、香、味，具有粗放型思维特征的中国人在数千年 的漫长岁月中却很少考虑饭菜的营养性。西方人在烹饪时自始至终坚持着饭菜 的实用性基本特征。从营养角度出发、落足于食物对人的健康，他们不讲究花 样、轻视了饭菜的其他功能，致使除了一些吃西餐烦琐的规矩之外，并没有给 人留下太深的印象。 在中国，烹调是一种艺术；在西方，烹调则是一种劳动。 关键词：饮食文化 ，饮食观念 ，味道，营养 ， 饮食方式 ，用餐礼仪 abstract the difference between east and west created a western diet and cultural differences, and this difference from the western way of thinking and different philosophy of life. chinese people pay attention to heaven, westerners focus on people-oriented. this difference in values formation of ideographic chinese food to eat, to the characteristics of teaser material, too much emphasis on italian cooking, color, shape, the basic pursuit of the color, smell, taste, has extensive thinking characteristic of the chinese people for thousands of years long years, but rarely considered in the nutritional meals. westerners insist on cooking meals throughout the practicality of the basic features. from the nutritional point of view, off the foot in food on human health, they do not pay attention to patterns, the neglect of food and other functions, resulting in addition to some of the cumbersome rules to eat western food outside, and did not give the impression that deep impression. in china, cooking is an art; in the west, cooking is a kind of labor. key words: culture of food, ideas of food, taste, nutrition, diet, manners 1. introduction for chinese people, we began a taste born of chinese diet, which more or less tired of chinese food, and we are in the form of economic globalization, which the western diet in china gives us a fresh, so we have into the western-style fast food restaurant with chinese food tastes different western or western-style fast food desire to eat western food, we must understand the difference between western and chinese food place, what to eat, how to eat. second, chinas accession to wto, china and western countries have become increasingly frequent exchanges between the chinese people the chance to go abroad more and more to western countries, as the romans do, it will inevitably eat together with the west, in order not to make yourself look ignorant, but also have to understand the western way of eating and dining etiquette. only from this perspective, a brief talk about the differences between chinese and western food culture, we chinese people want to know a little bit of western food culture reference. 2.two different concepts of the diet 2.1 west food is a rational concept in contrast to pay attention to the flavor of chinese food, western food is a rational concept. regardless of food color, smell, taste, shape how, but the nutrition must be guaranteed, pay attention to how many calories a day intake, vitamin, protein and so on. even taste follow the same pattern, also have to eat it - because it is nutritious. this diet idea with the western philosophy is to adapt the system. metaphysics is the main features of western philosophy. the object of study of western philosophy for the reason of things, the things of reason often is the metaphysics, metaphysics coherent rationale for each other, they form a metaphysical philosophy. this philosophy has brought vitality to the western culture, so that in the natural sciences, psychology, methodology to achieve a make a spurt of progress in the development of. but in another some aspects, this philosophy advocated greatly played the hindrance role, such as diet culture. at the banquet, can be exquisite tableware, about the use of materials, pay attention to service, pay attention to raw material of the vegetable shape, colour collocation; but no matter how high-end luxury, from losangeles to new york, the steak is only one flavor, no art at all. as the dishes, chicken is chicken, steak is steak, even if has matching, that is in the disk, a disk french lamb chops, mashed potatoes side, side relies on the lamb, the other side with boiled beans, with a few slices of tomato becomes. in sharp contrast on color, but the taste of raw materials on a variety of separate, harmonic, is the flavor, clear and simple. the chinese people attach great importance to eat, hunger breeds discontentment saying this shows we see and eat as important day. as our nation for thousands of years are in the low productive forces level, people often do not have enough to eat, so we have a unique focus on eating more important than all the diet culture, i think, this is probably out of a need to survive. if a culture to eat as a priority, then there will be two kinds of phenomenon: on the one hand, will take the eating function into full play, not only survive, also use it to maintain health, that is not drug-sibu cultural foundation; on the other hand, eating too much attention, make people respected the pursuit of delicious. 2.2 the chinese diet in the chinese cookery, for almost the ultimate pursuit of delicious, and chinese overseas to make a living, take the restaurant industry, as we all over the world in their prime! unfortunately, when we put the pursuit of delicious as the first request, we have neglected the most basic food nutritional value, many of our traditional foods are fried and the long time slow fire cooking, so the nutritional content of food is destroyed, many of the nutrients are lost in the process. so when it comes to nutritional issues, in fact touched the chinese diet culture biggest weakness. there is a folk saying: hunger breeds discontentment, food to taste for the first. this is the pursuit of delicious, poured causes us to neglect the real meaning of the meal. chinese in the taste of dishes, often can say this dish delicious, the dish is delicious; however, if you want to ask about what good, why delicious, delicious where, i am afraid not easily explained. this shows, chinese catering to pursue is an indescribable artistic conception, namely the use of commonly referred to as the color, smell, taste, shape, to the realm specific, be afraid still is difficult to cover up. chinese cuisine has its unique charm, the key lies in its taste. and delicious produce, is to reconcile, to make the food taste of this, after heating the cooked flavor, and taste the ingredients and accessories as well as to reconcile the flavor of spices, woven together to coordinate the integration, so that they complement each other, mutual penetration, get along swimmingly with each other, you have me, i have you. chinese cooking is careful about harmony, is the essence of chinese culinary art. dishes point shape and color are external things, but taste is something inherent, rather than deliberate modification of the internal heavy appearance, flavor and not overly heavy dishes expose dishes shape and color, this is china and the united states the concept of eating the most important performance. in china, the u.s. diet is clearly an overwhelming pursuit of a rational, this diet view and the chinese tradition philosophy thought is consistent. oriental philosophy as a representative of the chinese philosophy, its remarkable characteristic is macroscopic, visual, vague and subtle. chinese food production is harmonious, the ultimate goal is to reconcile to a better taste. the stress is measured, is the overall coordination. it contains a wealth of chinese philosophy dialectics thought, all the vegetables taste good, to harmonize, the myriads of changes within had decided chinese dish is rich and varied, decided chinese cuisine and the characteristics of each chef characteristics. 3.chinese and western diet object differences 3.1 the western diet mainly in meat westerners think the dishes are unrealistic, so eat a large piece of meat, whole chicken and other hard dish. and chinas cuisine is jealous, so the chinese cooking in the material also shows great arbitrariness: many westerners as disposable things, in china are excellent raw materials, foreign chefs can not handle things, a chinese chef to the hands, you can turn bad into good. chinese food in terms of materials evident in the extensive random. 3.2 the chinese diet prefer to a vegan diet according to western botanists investigation, the chinese people eat a variety of vegetables is 600, more than six times the west. in fact, in chinese dishes, vegetarian is a common food, meat dish only on holidays or standard of living is high, before entering the usual diet, so has fresh vegetables said, the vegetable food in the diet of the usual dominant. chinese plant-based entrees, and buddhists advocacy has thousand wisp million wire connections. they regard animal as the life, but the plant inanimate, therefore, advocates the vegetarianism. 3.3 plant disposition and animal character westerners on their own national diet characteristics, feel better than chinese attach more importance to the right nutrition, have more developed in the food industry, such as canned food, fast food, although the taste but follow the same pattern, time saving, and good nutrition, so they generally state of human body than chinese robust: tall, long legs, large shoulder, developed muscles; while chinese is thin body, short legs, shoulders and narrow yellow matter weak. people under the western diet object significantly different in this, the chinese character called plant, western called animal character. 4.the different ways of diet 4.1 the chinese diet western food is quite different from the way, such differences also have effect on national character. in china, no banquet, no matter what purpose, there will be only one form, that we were sitting around, sharing one seat. use round-table banquet, which led to a form of unity, politeness, the atmosphere of fun. delicious food on the tables center, it is a table of people appreciate, the taste of the object, and a table of emotional exchanges medium. people toast each other, let each dish, urge the vegetable, in front of the happy thing, reflects the mutual respect between people, be courteous virtue. although from the health point of view, this diet has obvious shortcomings, but it is consistent with our nation reunion mentality, reflects the classical chinese philosophy and this category to the offspring of thought influence, easy to collective exchange, so its hard to reform. 4.2 the western diet western banquet, food and wine though very important, but in fact it is as a foil. the party is the core of friendship, with the guests sitting next to talk, to achieve social purpose. if the banquet friendship compare with the dance, it can be said that, like a chinese banquet collective dance, and western-style banquet is like the men and women of ballroom dancing. therefore, chinese and western-style banquet dinner social purpose very obvious, but more chinese banquet reflected in inof friendship, and western-style banquet and more reflected the friendship between the neighboring guests. differences with the chinese diet is more obvious in western popular buffet. the method is: will all food one one displayed, each takes what he needs. everybody, do not have a fixed place in eating, walking free, in this way to facilitate the emotional exchange between individuals, not all the words on the table, but also west of the personality, self - respect. but eat each each, non-interfering, lack of some chinese to chat the happy happy mood. 4.3 differences in the change so in the final analysis, or the difference between emotional and rational. however, this difference seems to change with the development of science and fuzzy. more and more chinese people are no longer focus only on food color, smell, taste, and pay more attention to the health and nutrition especially after experiencing sars. also, as people increasingly busy work, think chinese food is too troublesome, no buddha hamburg convenient. such a difference in eating it is not clear. with the world becoming more and more convenient and more developed science, life in other parts of the world, cultural gap is further reduced. therefore in modern, western diet culture, style differences also are reduced, with many of the common. nowadays, peoples living standard is being steadily improved, in the future the life diet throughout the gap will become smaller and smaller, hope each district can be good at drawing lessons from other areas of good eating habits and behaviors, to improve their diet, for themselves and others to create a good eating environment. 5. the future prospects of the chinese and western food for chinese people, we were born, began to taste the chinese diet, which more or less tired of the chinese diet, and