v-ing作状语用法ppt课件.ppt

ThemaninthepictureisProfessorDu.Hisjobisteachingpsychologyinthecollage./Teachingpsychologyinthecollageishisjob.Hisperfectappearancemakesthousandsofwomenfallinginlovewithhim.However,thehandsomemanteachingintheclassisactuallyanalien,whoisusedtolivingintheearth.,表语,主语,宾补,定语,宾语,1,V-ingformasadverbial,Learningaims:1.ThefunctionsofV-ingformasadverbial.2.ThetestingpointsofV-ingformasadverbialinthecollageentranceexamination.,2,1.Wesatintheclassroom,listeningtotheteachercarefully.2.Ifworkinghard,wecanallachieveourdreams.3.TheheavyrainlastedforamonthinXiamen,causingalotofdamage.4.HavingstarredinYou,WhoComesfromtheStar，Mr.Kimbecomessopopular.5.HearingthenewsthatMr.Kimwouldcometoourschool,wecouldnthelpjumpingwithjoy.6.Mr.Kimcametoourschool,takingthehelicopter.,FunctionofV-ingformasadverbial,伴随状语,条件状语,结果状语,原因状语,时间状语,方式状语,3,V-ing的构成,V-ing是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，表示与主语主动关系。V-ing同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）,doing,Beingdone,Havingdone,Havingbeendone,4,V-ing的一般式和完成式：,V-ing的一般式的动作表示和后面句子的动作是同时进行的动作；完成式的动作是先于后面句子的动作发生。如：Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。,5,-ingV的否定形式是由not/never加V-ing构成。如：不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。,Notknowinghisaddress,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.,6,V-ing的被动式,V-ing的被动式表示与主句的主语是被动关系。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被动式(beingdone)和完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如：,被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。,（Havingbeencriticized）bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.,7,现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的的状语（通常用不定式表目的的状语）。,8,1）表时间状语V-ing短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。注意：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生有时可由连词when,while引出。如：Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。,看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。,Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.,9,WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.,Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.,10,2)表原因状语（相当于一个原因状语从句）Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.1.(=ashewasill,hedidntgotoschool.),Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）,2.既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。,3.由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。,Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.),11,3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语地分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。,Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=HesatonthesofaandwatchedTV.),他们笑着谈着走进了教室。,_,theywentintotheclassroom.,他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。,He_thewall.(Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.),Laughingandtalking,stoodleaningagainst,12,4)表结果Eg.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.),全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。,Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_.,makingitthemostpopularsong,（表意料之中的结果）,13,5)表条件,Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.),一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。,_,youwillseeawhitehouse.,Walkingahead,14,1.Havingnotseenthefilm,IcanttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.,Nothaving,working,Seeing,speaking,单句改错,15,5.“Cantyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.,pointing,Knock,making,16,(6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格：,考点说明名词、代词+-ing形式可构成独立主格结构作时间、条件、原因、或伴随状语，此时-ing形式的逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。,17,典型例题1.Themoon_,wecametothefootofthemountain.A.appearedB.appearsC.appearingD.appear,析：C。该句意为：月亮出来时，我们在山脚下。Appearing和themoon构成独立主格结构作时间状语。,18,Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhair.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,welldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。,有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。,19,方法揭秘解题时应牢记-ing形式独立主格结构作状语，与-ing形式作状语用法完全相同，只不过独立主格结构中-ing形式逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。而-ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语。,20,7）独立成分：有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly)speaking,supposing(假设),judgingfrom/by(从判断),talkingof（谈到),speakingof（谈到）等。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?,21,1、分词(短语)作状语时,前后两个动作的主语是同一个人。(前后主语一致）、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，分词和主句之间可用逗号。Workinghard,youwillsucceed.,使用-ing形式需注意的4个问题.,22,3、用V+ing一般式还是Having+done完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，有先后顺序就用havingdone.4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。,23,Afterheheardastrongsound,hewentoutoftheroomforalook.,=Havingheardastrangesound,hewentoutof.,Asthegirlwasseriouslyill,shewastakentohospitalimmediately.,Beingseriouslyill,thegirlwastakento.,be-being,AsshedidntknowanyFrench,shecouldntgetanyonetohelpher.,NotknowinganyFrench,shecouldntgetanyonetohelpher.,24,Describethepicturesaccordingtothehints.,25,sitonthesofa;readareport,ProfessorDusatonthesofa,readingareportathome.,readingareportathome.,V-ing作伴随状语,26,indanger;surperpower,Usinghissuperpower,hesavedMissQianwhenshewasindanger.,V-ing作方式状语,27,shock,dancecrazily,BecausehesawMissQiandancingcrazily,hewasdeeplyshocked.,SeeingMissQiandancingcrazily,V-ing作原因状语,28,cry,WhenhenoticedMissQiancrying,hedancedfunnytoentertainher.,(When)NoticingMissQiancrying,V-ing作时间状语,29,Consolidation,Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresident.,A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing,2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.,A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake,30,3.”Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.,A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing,4._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.,NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotNothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived,31,5Themissingsingerwaslastseen_thevoiceclosetothebridgeAexercisingBtobeexercisingCexerciseDtoexercise6.Thedirectorsdiscussedtheprojectthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyearAcarryoutBcarryingoutCcarriedoutDtocarryout,32,7._theclassroom,thestudentswenttotheplaygroundtowatchthefootballmatch.A.TocleanB.HavingcleanedC.CleanedD.Cleaning8.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor_Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.“A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading9._fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.A.JudgingB.JudgedC.TojudgeD.Judge,33,1.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch_A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightened,Choosethebestanswer.,34,2._thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining,35,3.Mothercaughttheboy_inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking,36,4._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted,37,5.“Wecantgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,_outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked,6.Though_money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin,38,7.Thebell_theendoftheperiodrang,_ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interrupt