职称英语综合类阅读判断第十篇：The Workers27 Role in Management逐句翻译.doc

第十篇：The Workers Role in Management 工人在企业管理中的角色Traditionally,it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. 传统上， 工人的角色是生产，管理者的角色是管理。Managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought to consulting the labor force. 管理者计划和指导公司的运作，而很少想到去征求劳动者的意见。 Managers have rarely felt compelled to1obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. 管理者们很少觉得应听取工人的意见或向他们的雇员解释公司的决定。At most,companies have provided“suggestion boxes” in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. 公司最多提供些“意见箱”，工人们至多将改善生产流程的意见投入意见箱。 In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor一they have a vital stake in the company2 and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. 然而，近几年来， 许多管理专家一直在争论工人们不仅仅出卖劳动力，而且对公司有很大的利害关系，或许还能对公司的管理作出重大贡献。Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. 此外， 公司的重大决定往往对工人及其家属影晌极大。 This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. 如果工厂倒闭，这一点就更加确定无疑了， 它可能会把成百上千的人推到失业的边缘。Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management？那么，工人们应该在企业管理中发挥举足轻重的作用吗？Workers should have a role in management. 工人们应该在管理中扮演自己的角色。At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions 至少， 劳动者应该被告知公司的政策决定。 （A common complaint among rank-and-file workers3 is the lack of information about company policies and actions）。（普通工人最普遍的抱怨就是对公司的政策和行动缺少了解）。 Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs, often with no warning.在1980年和1985年之间，有500万工人在没有被事先告知的情况下，成了工厂倒闭和永久性停工的牺牲品。 At least 90 days notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.在这种情况下，应至少提前90天通知工人们，这样工人们才能有时间调整。 Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.管理者在关闭工厂之前，应该征求工人们的意见， 因为工人们也许会提出一些建议 ，来提高生产率，降低成本，或许他们还愿意为了帮助工厂运转而做出让步。It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making4.它应该成为一个普遍的做法，包括工人参与制订管理决策。 There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firms board of directors or other major policymaking groups. 公司的董事会里或其他重大决策制订组里也应该有工人代表。if rank-and-file workers are given a voice in5 the planning and management of the work flow,如果普通工人对流水线生产的计划和管理有发言权的话，they will help to make improvements, their morale will rise6, and their productivity will increase.他们会帮助改善状况， 而且他们的士气也会增加，生产效率也会提髙。 As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the companys profits. 作为进一步的刺激，公司应给他们一份利润分成。This can be done through employee stock ownership plans,bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. 这可以通过工人股票持有权方案、红利或者发效益奖得以实现。 Finally,when a plant can no longe