2019中考英语二轮复习 状语从句综合复习及练习.doc

状语从句状语从句考点讲解以及针对性训练（时间，条件，原因，地点，结果，比较，让步，目的状语从句的用法）时间状语从句【经典剖析】1 时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：when(当的时候)，while（当的时候），as(当的时候)，once( 一旦)，till( until)（一直到，直到才），by the time(到时)，as soon as（一就）the moment(一就)since(自从 )before(在前)after(左后)2when，while，as均可表示“当的时候”。 when强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前；while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点，as多用在口语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。 Ill go on with the work whencome back tomorrow我明天回来后会继续做我的工作。 When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。 When he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.(强调吃饭的时候）。 While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.（强调吃饭的过程中） While I was studying, you fell asleep.当我学习的时候，你睡着了。 Just as he was speaking, there was a loud explosion.正当他要说话时，传来很大的爆炸声。 As I was going out, it began to rain.（强调两个动作先后发生） As spring warms the good earth，all flowers begin to bloom(as有“随着”的含义)3tilluntil，表示“一直到”，主从句都用肯定式；表示“直到才”，主句否定，从句肯定。 He worked until it was dark. 他一直工作到天黑。 He did not get up till his mother came in. 一直到母亲进来他才起床。4once“一旦”，by the time“到时”。 Once you see her, you will find what I said is true. 一旦你见到她就会发现我说的是对的。 Once (it is）published, this book will be very popular. 一旦出版，这本书会大受欢迎。 by the time+现在时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time he arrives, we will already have left here. 等他到达时，我们将已离开这儿了。 by the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 By the time he arrived, we had already left here.他到达的时候我们早已离开这儿了。5as soon as，the moment表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常译为“一就”。 As soon as I finish the work, Ill go to see you. 我一完成工作就会来看你。 I shall come as soon as Ive finished my supper. 我一吃完晚饭就来。 She came to the scene the moment she heard the news.她一听到消息就来到现场。6since“自从”， before“在前”，after“在后”，It was not long before意为“不久”。 since引导从句用非延续性动词或“过去时间点”或“过去时间段+ago”，主句用完成时态。 Since he graduated, he has worked in this city. 他毕业后一直在这个城市工作。 I havent seen him since last year/ three years ago. 去年以来/3年来，我没见过他。 He handed in his paper before the bell rang. 他在铃响前交了卷子。 It was not long before he came back. 不久他就回来了。 I wrote back to him three days after I got his letter. 我接到他信3天后就给他回信了。针对性练习1选择正确的表述方法：1) I stay/ Ill stay here until youll come/ you come back.2) Im going to bed when I finish/ Ill finish my work.3) We must do something before its/ it will be too late.4) Julia is going away soon. Im/ Ill be very sad when she leaves/ shell leave.5) Dont go out yet. Wait until the rain stops/ the rain will stop.6) We come/ Well come and visit you when were/ well be in Shanghai again. 7) When I come/ Ill come to see you tomorrow, I bring/ Ill bring the book.8) Im going to Beijing next week. I hope to see some friends of mine while Im/ Ill be there.2选择最佳答案1) he was listening to the music, John fell asleep.A. AfterB. BeforeC. WhileD. As soon as-2)How did you try to get to school on timeyou missed the school bus.A. whenB. howC. whyD. that3)He was riding to schoolhe was hit by a car this morning.A whileB. whenC. asD. so4)Lucy knew nothing about ither sister told her.A. becauseB. untilC. ifD. since5)The policeman asked the childcross the streetthe traffic lights turned green.A. not; whenB. dont; beforeC. not to; untilD. not to; since6) The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours he realized it.A. whenB. afterC. untilD. before7) we had seen all the animals, we went home.A. ThenB. AfterC. ThoughD. While8)She has made many friendsshe came to our school.A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. until9) How long has the weather been like this?A. Until last nightB. Ever since last nightC. Two days agoD. Two days later10)My uncle went to Australia last year. We havent seen him .A. since almost a yearB. from almost a year onC. after almost a yearD. since almost a year ago11)He was so tired that he fell asleephe went to bed.A. as ifB. even thoughC. ever sinceD. as soon as12)I knew nothing about the accidentmy friend told me yesterday.A. becauseB. sinceC. untilD. after13)I didnt manage to do ityou had explained how.A. untilB. sinceC. whileD. after【Keys】1. 1) Ill stay; you come 2) I finish 3) its 4) Ill be; she leaves 5) the rain stops 6)Well come; were 7) I come; Ill bring 8) Im2. 1) C 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) A 6) D 7)B 8) C 9) B 10) D 11) D 12) C 13) A原因状语从句和地点状语从句【经典剖析】1 原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有： because, for, since, as, now that 1) because意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答why，语气最强。He is absent today because he is ill. 他今天缺席，因为他病了。I didnt go out because I was busy with homework. 我没有出去，因为我忙于家庭作业。有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因，此时because of=for(介词)。We wont be able to come because of the weather. 由于天气的原因，我们来不了。She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital. 她因为待在医院，显得好多了。2) for意为“因为”，引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。I didnt go to see him, for a heavy snow was falling. 我没有去看他，因为在下大雪。The days were short, for it was now December. 白天短了，因为现在已经是十二月了。We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes.我们必须现在就开始筹划，因为将来可能会发生意想不到的变化。有时，for引起的从句并不表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能。Someone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了，因为有个医生刚刚出来。3) since意为“既然”、“由于”，一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由(如果从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，就不能用since，通常用because)。Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要走，我也走了。Since you are ill, Ill go alone. 由于你病了，我就一个人走了。4) as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪，我们就不去公园了。He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake. 他必须道歉，因为他知道他错了。由as表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。5) now that意为“既然”，有时可将that省去，含义与since接近。区别在于：since表示原先已存在的情况，而now that表示现在才发生的情况。Now that it has stopped raining, lets start at once. 既然现在雨停了，咱们马上开始吧！Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。2地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词有： where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere Put it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 Ill find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪里我都要找到他。 You should put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。 Wherever you go, you should do your work well. 不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。 You cant camp anywhere/where/ wherever you like.你不能想在哪里安营就在哪里安营。针对性练习1 参照例句，用所给的原因状语从句连词将方框1和方框2内的句子连成状语从句：1) she couldnt decide which to choose2) she walked carefully3) he is now 17 years old4) I had no idea how it worked5) his parents praised him6) they couldnt buy it7) you are well againa. he can learn to driveb. you can travelc. they had no moneyd. the streets were covered with e. all the cakes looked goodf. he did quite well in the examg. I had to ask for help例句:Since all the cakes looked good, she couldnt decide which to choose.1)(because)2)(As)3) (as)4)(because)5)(Since)6) (Now that)2. 指出以下由as连接的句子是原因状语从句还是时间状语从句：1) As it was public holiday, all the shops were shut.2) I watched her as she opened the letter.3) Can you turn off the light as you go out, please?4) As they live near, we see them quite often.5) We watched television all evening as we had nothing to do.6) As they walked along the street, they looked in the shop windows. 3. 选择最佳答案1) I hope to go to France some daythere are many famous museums there.A. thoughB. unlessC. becauseD. where2) Would you like to go to the concert with me? Id love to, I cant. I have a lot of homework to do.A. and; Because B. but; BecauseC. so; AndD. and; so3)Jim has been in the factory for two years_ he left school.A. whenB. sinceC. as soon asD. whether4)Jack was very tiredhe played tennis all afternoon.A. ifB. as soon asC. becauseD. before5)Youd better come back earlierit is getting colder.A. asB. andC. butD. or6)Jane wore a raincoatit was raining.A. soB. butC. howeverD. because7)The Italian boy was regarded as a herohe gave his life for his country.A. according toB. because ofC. on account ofD. because【Keys】1. 1) She walked carefully because the streets were covered with ice.2) As he is now 17 years old he can learn to drive.3) I had to ask for help as I had no idea how it worked.4) Because he did quite well in the exam, his parents praised him.5) Since they had no money, they couldnt buy it.6) Now that you are well again, you can travel.2.l) 原因状语从句 2) 时间状语从句 3) 时间状语从句 4) 原因状语从句5) 原因状语从句 6) 时间状语从句3.1) C 2) B 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) D 7) D条件状语从句【经典剖析】1条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有： if 如果；unless除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要 2表示正面的条件用if“如果”。 If you dont look after young trees, they will die very quickly. 如果你不好好照看小树苗，它们就会很快死去。 If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people wont be able to visit it. 如果进入博物馆要收费，许多人就参观不成了。3表示否定的条件用unless( =if.not)“除非，如果不”。 I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight. 我不会去看电影，除非我能在8点前完成作业。 说明：ifnot常可以用unless替代。 If you dont study hard, you will fail in the exam. You will fail in the exam unless you study hard.4表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that“条件是”，as long as 只要”。 You may go swimming on condition that you dont swim too far away from the river bank.你可以去游泳，条件是你不能游得离河岸太远。 As long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. 只要你继续尝试就一定能成功。 因此，我们不能说： As long as you dont study hard, you will fail in the exam.5祈使结构表条件。 前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。1) 祈使句( , ) +and/then+简单句 if 从句(否定式)+主句 Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.（如果）给我一个支点，我便能掀动地球。 =If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth. One more word, and Ill turn you out. 你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。 =If you speak one more word, I will turn you out. Use your head, then youll find a way. 动动脑子你就能找到办法。 =If you use your head, youll find a way.2) 祈使句（,）+or+简单句 if 从句(否定式)+主语 Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam. 如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。 = If you dont work harder, you will never pass the exam.Stop telling lies, or you will be punished. 如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。 = If you dont stop telling lies, you will be punished.针对性练习1参照例句，用连词if 将方框1和2内的句子连成条件状语从句：12IIf +you dont hurryyou fail the examyou dont want this magazineyou want those picturesyoure busy nowyoure hungryyou need money +we can have lunch nowyou can have themI can lend you someyoull be lateIll throw it awaywe can talk lateryou can do it again例句:If you dont hurry, youll be late.1)2)3)4) 5)6)2.用unless完成下列句子：1)You must work much harder or you wont pass the exam.You wont pass the exam.2)Listen carefully or you wont know what to do.You wont know what to do.3)She must apologize to me or Ill never speak to her again.Ill never speak to her again.4)You have to speak very slowly or he wont be able to understand you.He wont be able to understand you.5)The company must offer me more money or Im going to look for another job.Im going to look for another job.3选择最佳答案填空：1) Would you like to go to the park with me, Susan? Id like to, you dont want to go alone.A. untilB. beforeC. ifD. after2)Tomorrow well go to the city parkit is sunny.A. as soon asB. whenC. ifD. as3)All of us will be happyyou can come with us.A. whileB. ifC. butD. or4)Nobody can learn English wellyou work hard on it.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. but5)The sports meet will continue it rains this afternoon.A. ifB. sinceC. as soon asD. unless【Keys】1. 1) If you fail the exam, you can do it again.2) If you dont want this magazine, Ill throw it away.3) If you want those pictures, you can have them.4) If youre busy now, we can talk later.5) If youre hungry, we can have lunch now.6) If you need money, I can lend you some.2. 1) unless you work much harder2) unless you listen carefully3) unless she apologizes to me4) unless you speak very slowly5) unless the company offers me more money3. 1) C 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) D让步状语从句 【经典剖析】1引导让步状语从句的连词有： although, while, even though, even if, whether. (or not), 用no matter十wh-/how 引导 2althoughthough“虽然”。 Although I didnt know anybody at the party, I had a very good time. 虽然晚会上的客人我一个也不认识，但我玩得很愉快。 注意“althoughbut”是个典型的错误，因为but是并列连词，不能与从属连词although连用。但是，although可与yet，still连用，因为yet，still是副词，它可使前后关系更明确。3while意为“然而”。1) while用于对照，说明两种情况相反，意为“然而，但是”。 Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.汤姆性格外向，而简却腼腆安静。 While I was reading, he was playing. 我在读书，而他在玩。2) while意为“虽然，尽管”，同although，此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。 While she liked cats。she never let them come into her room虽然她喜欢猫，但她从不让猫进她的房间。4even if “即使”（if后陈述的是假设）；even though“尽管”（though后陈述的是事实）。 Im going to apply for the job, even if it pays very little. 即使报酬不高，我也要去申请那份工作。 He is an honest man, I say, even though I have opposed him. 我说他是个诚实的人，尽管我反对过他。5whether(or not)“无论是或是”. Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing. 无论是否下雨，我都要外出游玩。 Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best. 无论胜败，我们都会尽最大努力。 注意 whether作“无论”解，用现在时表将来；whether作“是否”解时则不能。 Theyll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow. 无论明天是否下雨，他们都要出去。 Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow? 你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗？6用no matter+ wh-how的词引导，意为“无论”。no matter who无论谁，no matter which无论哪一，no matter what无论什么,no matter when无论何时，no matter where无论哪里，no matter how无论怎样No matter who you are, you must obey the law. 无论你是谁，你都应当遵纪守法。 No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member. 无论你在哪里，你都应当记住你是一个团员。 It has the same result no matter which way you do it. 无论用什么方法来做，结果都一样。 No matter what happens, well never lose heart.不管发生什么，我们永远不会灰心。 You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see him. 无论什么时候你去看他，总会发现他坐在桌边工作。 No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming.无论有多冷，她总是常去游泳。针对性练习1参照例句，用连词although将方框1和方框2内的句子连成让步状语从句：1he has a very important jobI had never seen her beforeit was quite coldit rained a lotI didnt speak the languageweve known each other for a long time2were not good friendsI managed to make myself understoodhe isnt particularly well-paidI recognized her from a photographwe enjoyed our holidayshe wasnt wearing a coat例句：Although he has a very important job, he isnt particularly well-paid.1) Although2) Although3) Although4) Although5) Although2选择最佳答案填空1) hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. ThoughB. SinceC. ForD. So2) How do you like the concert given by the Foxy Ladies?Exciting, one piece of the music wasnt played quite well.A. soB. thoughC. becauseD. and3) Shall we go on working?Yes, I prefer to have a rest.A. whenB. ifC. becauseD. though4)Doctor Li went to see the patientit was raining heavily.A. becauseB. andC. sinceD. though5) This dress was last years style.I think it still looks perfectit has gone out this year.A. so thatB. even thoughC. as ifD. ever since6)No matterbusy he is, he wont give up his hobby.A. whereB. howC. whatD. who7)I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try.A. even though B. no matter how C. as ifD. ever since8)No matteryou come, you are welcome.A. howB. whereC. whenD. what9)Though its raining, are still working in the fields.A. theyB. but theyC. and theyD. so they10)Nobody believed himwhat he said.A. even though B. in spiteC. no matterD. contrary to11) what may happen, I wont change my mind.A. Even ifB. AlthoughC. PerhapsD. No matter【Keys】1.1) I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph2) it was quite cold, she wasnt wearing a coat3) it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday4) I didnt speak the language, I managed to make myself understood5) weve known each other for a long time, were not good friends2.1) A 2) B 3) D 4) D 5) B 6) B 7)B 8) C 9) A 10) C 11) D目的、结果、比较状语从句【经典剖析】1引导目的状语从句的连词有： in order that目的是为了，so that，以便 以in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用may，might加动词构成，也可用can/ could或willwould加动词构成。 He works hard in order that he can serve his country well. 他努力工作，目的是为了能更好地为国家服务。 They started early so that they might arrive in time. 他们很早出发，以便按时到达。 注意“for+动名词”不用于表目的，但“for+名词”可用于表目的。 Write it in simple English to make(不能用for making) everybody understand. 为了能让每个人都理解，请用简单的英语写。 Better get up early for the early train. 为了能赶上早班火车，请早一点起床。2引导结果状语从句的词： so that以致，sothat如此以致，suchthat如此以致 He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost. 他做了个错误的决定，以至于他丢失了一半的财产。 The box is so heavy that nobody can move it. 这个箱子是如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个箱子如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 注意so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开。3引导比较状语从句的词有： than比，asas“像一样”，not soas“不像一样”，the morethe more“越越” I know you better than he does. 我比他更了解你。 We walked as fast as we could. 我们尽可能地快步行走。 The work is not so easy as you thought. 这工作没有你想的那么简单。 Nothing is so precious as health没有什么能像健康一样珍贵。 The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力学习，进步就越大。针对性练习1根据所给汉语，完成下列句子（每个空格填入一个英语单词）：1)为了能准时到他很早动身。He left early he might arrive on time.2)我来把这件衬衫洗了，你明天能穿。 Ill wash this shirt you can wear tomorrow.3)他气得说不出话来。She was angry she couldnt speak 4)杰克有那么多朋友，他记不全他们的名字了。Jack has many friends