2003年中央党校博士研究生入学英语考试试卷.doc

2003年中央党校博士研究生入学英语考试试卷注意：请按要求把1-70题的答案填在机读卡(answer sheet a)上；把b1-b9题的答案写在答题纸(answer sheet b)上。听力部分：i. listening comprehension (15 points)section adirections: in this section you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. each conversation and question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked a, b, c, and d, and decide which is the best answer. then mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter on answer sheet a.1. a. in a doctors office.b. in a professors office.c. in a lawyers office.d. in a businessmans office2. a. the shopping center. b. the bank. c. the parking lot. d. the post office.3. a. in the office. b. at home. c. at the bus-stop. d. in the cinema.4. a. forty minutes. b. thirty minutes. c. the same as the 6:30 train. d. nearly an hour.5. a. lose 5 pounds. b. gain 10 more pounds. c. buy some new clothes. d. gain 5 more pounds.6. a. daughter and father. b. student and teacher. c. customer and waiter. d. patient and doctor.7. a. in a department store. b. in an office. c. in a hospital. d. in a phone box.8. a. across the street from the italian restaurant. b. next door to the italian restaurant. c. a block away from the italian restaurant. d. around the corner from the italian restaurant.9. a. he watched the game with his boss. b. he didnt watch the game because he had to work. c. hed been watching tv the whole night. d. he only watched the overtime of the game.10. a. he ate too much and needs to go to sleep. b. he cant wait to see his friends tomorrow. c. the woman should wait until tomorrow to have her party. d. he doesnt want to go to the party because it starts late.section bdirections: in this section you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c, and d. then mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter on answer sheet a.11. a. 1604 b. around 1700 c. 1705 d. 175512. a. robert cawdrey. b. john kersey. c. samuel johnson. d. daniel webster.13. a. a complete list of difficult words. b. contained sentences showing word usages. c. 20-volume work. d. showing word histories.14. a. it defined easy words as well as hard ones. b. nothing more than a list of difficult words. c. present good sentences to show word usages in speech and in writing. d. it was the greatest improvement in the quality of dictionaries.questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. a. manuel is as skilled as a surgeon. b. manuel takes good care of his tools. c. manuel always studies his work carefully. d. manuel is a highly skilled mechanic.16. a. an electrician. b. an artist. c. a genius. d. a surgeon.17. a. manuel should be a doctor. b. manuel takes his work seriously. c. manuel charges high prices. d. manuel should be an artist.questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. a. science is about relationships between phenomena in nature. b. science is about establishing theories. c. science is about discovering facts in nature. d. science is about the study of the universe.19. a. scientists care only about the truth of the universe. b. scientists dont pay attention to peoples likes or dislikes. c. scientists discoveries may be opposite to popular ideas. d. scientists dont care about peoples interests.20. a. it is used to serve all the people. b. it is used to serve some people. c. it is used to serve future generations. d. it is used to serve people of the present.section c (注意：此题在答题纸上)directions: in this section, you will hear a passage. the passage will be spoken twice. the answer questions b1, b2, b3, and b4 in english on answer sheet b.笔试部分：ii. vocabulary and structure (20 points)directions: there are 20 incomplete sentences in this part, for each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c, and d. choose the one that best completes the sentences. then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet a.21. having spent the weekend going to parties, she was only able to give the chapter a _ reading before class on monday.a. concurrentb. recurrent c. cursoryd. discursive22. vincent van goghs to _ fame as one of the worlds great artists came despite the fact that he scarcely sold a single painting during his lifetime. a. posthumousb. postmodernc. postmortemd. posterior23. current data suggest that, although _ states between fear and aggression exist, fear and aggression are as distinct physiologically as they are psychologically.a. simultaneousb. seriousc. partiald. transitional24. the _ newspaper accounts of the marital problems of the royal couple fascinated many readers but made others a little uncomfortable.a. sensationalb. sensuousc. sentientd. sentiment25. we were in a _ when we were invited to three parties on the same evening.a. quandaryb. quarryc. queryd. quintessence26. qualities such as trustworthiness, _ as they may be, cannot be underestimated.a. intangibleb. intrepidc. intransigentd. innocuous27. _ your request for an additional assistant, i can only say at this stage that this is being considered.a. for the purpose ofb. in regard to c. in terms ofin view of28. money sent _ the broadcast appeal will be used to buy blankets and medical supplies.a. in favor ofb. in return forc. in exchange ford. in response to29. he is very sad recently because his plan to go to college _ at the last moment.a. fell outb. fell behindc. fell overd. fell through30. the scientists of electronics are very excited as they feel that they are _ a new discovery.a. at the bottom ofb. on the border line ofc. on the eve ofd. on the ground of31. prior to the gulf war, sir edward even took it upon himself to stage a “peace mission” to baghdad-an idea that _ the face of u.s. diplomacy.a. blew onb. flew inc. stared ind. smacked at32. if the new project manages to _ the high expectations created in helsinki, historians will likely locate the origins of its success in a place not normally known for its eu initiatives: london.a. set up forb. come throughc. work throughd. live up to33. although highly experienced and _ at peacekeeping, most european forces lack the means to conduct truly demanding, modern military operations.a. adheredb. adaptingc. adeptd. alert34. resentment of both the predominance of english and its tendency to _ class lines could in the long term prove a check against its further globalization.a. spread alongb. appeal toc. penetrate intod. break through35. it is no secret that few policymakers are well _ the sciences, and it should come as no surprise that may scientists are unfamiliar with the process of formulating public policies.a. adroit atb. sensitive toc. informed ond. versed in36. hong kongs discerning consumers have most assuredly not been _ their cultural heritage, nor have they become the uncomprehending dupes of transnational corporations.a. fed withb. stripped ofc. prevented byd. denounced against37. human rights are something people are entitle to _ their common humanity, and their universal validity transcends cultural particularity.a. be owing tob. be accordant withc. in virtue ofd. for justice of38. except for occasional peacekeeping missions, its ability to resolve hostilities was paralyzed by _ of interests that resulted in the frequent superpower vetoes in the security council.a. conflictsb. reversionsc. intriguesd. disputes39. any sustained slowdown in the growth rate of tech spending would immediately force a sharp downward revaluation _ of tech stocks.a. in the priceb. for the benefitc. in the rated. at the cost40. thanks to the weakening of the nation-state, we will see forgotten, marginalized and silenced local cultures _ dynamic signs of life in the great concert of this globalized planet.a. refreshing and generateb. rejuvenating and formulatec. recovering and preservingd. reemerging and displayingiii. cloze (5 points)directions: for each of the blanks, there are four choices given marked a, b, c, and d. choose the one that best fits the blank and mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter on answer sheet a.by the year 2003 ad, a single silicon chip will contain more components than the number of cells in the human brain. and electronic chip makers will have _41_ from silicon and other conventional _42_ and will be designing a generation of _43_ computers, made partly or entirely _44_ complex protein molecules like those in _45_ cells. these are some of the forecasts being made by mr. brian oakley, one of britains top men in the computer world.mr. oakley is director of the alvey program set up as a collaborative effort _46_ the u.k. government, the academic world and private industry to _47_ britain among the leaders in the fast developing world of silicon chips and computer technology.mr. oakley _48_ that in 10 years time, computers will be working 10 times faster than today, and the _49_ will continue. every year silicon chips will double in complexity. but fortunately as they get smaller they use less power and are cheaper to produce as well as working faster, so the cost of chips is being reduced by a factor of ten every six years. this means that computers are getting smaller and at the same time more powerful and more intelligent, _50_ little or no more expensive.41. a. separatedb. made upc. come outd. turned away42. a. computersb. materialsc. partsd. devices43. a. advancedb. biologicalc. improvedd. sophisticated44. a. byb. fromc. ofd. up45. a. livingb. activec. tinyd. mercury46. a. tob. forc. amongd. by47. a. defendb. protectc. keepd. force48. a. persistsb. suggestsc. figuresd. predicts49. a. predictionb. forecastc. trendd. advance50. a. thenb. thusc. butd. alsoiv. reading comprehension (30 points)section adirections: there are four passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c, and d. you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet a.passage 1the world has spent on preparations for war more than $112 billion a year, roughly $450 per head for, every man, woman, and child in the world. let us consider for a moment what could be done with this sum of money if it were spent on peace and not on war. some of it, at any rate, in the more prosperous countries, could be spent on the reduction of taxation. the rest should be spent in ways that will, at the same time, be of benefit to mankind and a solution to the economic problem of conversion from war industry to the expansion of peace industries. as to this expansion, let us begin with the most elementary of all needs, namely, food. at present, the majority of mankind suffers from undernourishment, and, in view of the population explosion, this situation is likely to grow worse in coming decades. a very small part of what is now being spent upon armaments would rectify our predicament. not only could the american surplus of grain, which was for many years uselessly destroyed, be spent in relief of famine, but, by irrigation, large regions now desert could be made fertile, and, by improvement in transport, distribution from regions of excess to regions of scarcity could be facilitated.housing, even in the richest countries, is often disastrously inadequate. this could be remedied by a tiny fraction of what is being spent on missiles. education everywhere, but especially in the newly liberated countries of africa and asia, demands an expenditure many times as great as that which it receives at present. but it is not only greater expenditure that is needed in education. if the terror of war were removed, science could be devoted to improving human welfare, instead of to the invention of increasingly expensive methods of mutual slaughter, and schools would no longer think it a part of their duty to promote hatred of possible enemies by means of ignorance tempered by lies.by the help of modern techniques, the world could enter upon a period of happiness and prosperity far surpassing anything known in previous history. all this is possible. it requires only a different outlook on international affairs and a different state of mind toward those nations which are now regarded as enemies. this is possible, i repeat, but it cannot be done all at once. to reverse the trend of affairs in the most process of reeducation.51. by the diverting some of all of the money spent on preparations for war to peaceful purposes, all of the following benefits would occur except _.a. taxes would be reducedb. science could concentrate on improving human welfarec. better housing could be providedd. the population explosion could be controlled52. schools at the present time often have to make good use of _.a. inadequate fundsb. greater expenditurec. increasingly expensive methodsd. lies in order to promote hatred of possible enemies53. the problem of undernourishment will become more critical because _.a. america destroys its surplus goodsb. of inadequate transportc. of the population explosiond. of lack of irrigation54. according to this passage, the greatest obstacle to altering the trend of affairs is _.a. technologyb. enemiesc. ideological educationd. knowledge55. the adjective that best portrays this author is _.a. quixoticb. lugubriousc. pragmaticd. utopianpassage 2before about 3500 bc, there cultures, but not civilizations. prehistoric men and women created societies, constructed houses, lived in villages, hunted and fished, farmed, made, pottery, wove cloth, and created languages. but unlike more advanced peoples, they did not build cities, read, or write. cities are the cornerstone of civilized life because with them came other civilizing elements, including differentiation of classes and employment, sophisticated religious and political systems, monumental architecture, and the formation of states and empires.historians usually begin the story of civilization with accounts of the worlds first great writers and city-builders, the sumerians. because the sumerians recorded ideas and sagas and listed the names of their rulers, we know more about them than about prehistoric peoples who left their legacy in stones, bones, and pottery.with the ability to build cities and record thought came the ability to communicate ideas and innovations over vast reaches of time and space. human beings-who had formerly taken hundreds of thousands of years to learn that a stone ax sharpened on both sides is more useful than an ax sharpened on one side-progressed rapidly from foot travel to horse drawn carts, and later, from railroads to airplanes. with these and thousands of other innovations, people came to live longer. more comfortable lives.civilization also brought new ills to humanity. in the 20th century it brought nuclear warfare, global warming, and ozone depletion. more subtly, civilization removed human beings from regular encounters with the wonders of the natural world. unlike people of modern civilizations, primitive people lived close to the sounds and smells of forest and grasslands. they looked at fire and the stars with awe and reverence. civilization involves the ability to create a new political and cultural world. in the 19th century, the american writer, philosopher, and naturalist henry david thoreau noted that this artificial sphere separates humanity from primitive virtue. “most of the luxuries”, he argued, “and many of the so-called comforts, of life are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevations of mankind.” thoreau believed that men and women should simplify their lives.even those ancient pioneers of civilization, the greeks, mourned the lost innocence. they expressed this sense of regret in the story of prometheus and pandora contrary to the wishes of other gods, prometheus brought to humanity the gifts of fire, art, and science. the jealous gods were unwilling to allow men and women to enjoy such blessings without cost, and so they sent pandora to the world with a box containing disease, sorrow, and other evils.thus, human beings have viewed civilization as a mixed blessing. civilized people have waged brutal wars, destroyed majestic forests, and persecuted religious minorities. but civilizations have also achieved wonders.56. which of the following represents civilization of people?a. they build houses.b. they have societies.c. they live in a group.d. they can write.57. “sumerians” in the second paragraph refers to _.a. personb. a group of peoplec. human beingsd. prehistoric people58. in paragraph 4, there is a sentence given by henry thoreau, “most of the luxuries and many of the so-called comforts, of life are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevations of mankind.” this sentence means _.a. most luxuries and comforts are