英美概况题库.doc

chapter 1 historytell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1. _ in 43 a.d. roman emperor julius caesar invaded england. 答案：f 2. _ the month “july”, in fact, is named after julius caesar himself. 答案：t3. _the best-known english legend, king arthur, derives from the anglo-saxons time. 答案：t4. _ robin hood is a story about the viking invasion of england. 答案：f5. _ in the early stage of the hundred years war, the english won great victories. 答案：t6. _the ruling normans regarded england as their home after the hundred years war. 答案：t7. _ henry vii ended the wars of the roses and founded the tudor monarchy. 答案：f8. _ english drama flourished during elizabeth i era. 答案：t9. _ oliver cromwell believed in the old theory “divine right of kings”. 答案：f10. _after world war ii, the british economy became the 2nd largest power in the world. 答案：f11. _ american indians came from india 25,000 years ago. 答案：f12. _ american indians developed the brilliant culture of the aztecs, the incas and the mayas.答案：t 13. _ columbus was the first european to set foot in what was to be called america. 答案：t14. _ america was named after the great discoverer amerigo vespucci. 答案：t15. _ the first permanent english colony was founded in 1607 in boston. 答案：f16. _ thanksgiving day came from britain.答案：f17. _ by the early 1760s, the english settlers had established 13 colonies along the atlantic coast.答案：t18. _the declaration of independence officially announced the independence of 13 north american colonies.答案：t19. _ benjamin franklin became the first american president.答案：f20. _ the united states did not enter world war i.答案：ffill in the blanks with the correct information.1. the golden-haired _ are the natives of britain, who were later called the briton. 答案: celts2. in 55 and 43 a.d. britain was invaded twice by the _. 答案: romans3. the anglo-saxons began to settle in britain in the _ century. 答案: 5th4. in the late 8th century they experienced _ invasion from denmark and in _ they suffered norman conquest. 答案: viking; 10665. joan of arc is a famous national heroine of french in the _. 答案: hundred years war6. the wars of the roses were fought between the house of _ and the house of lancaster. 答案: york7. the direct cause of king henry viiis religious reformation was to _ his wife. 答案: divorce8. charles i ruled the country without parliament for _ years.答案: 119. _ was also known as the “virgin queen” and_ had the longest rule in english history. 答案: elizabeth i; queen victoria10. after world war i, britain was overtaken by_.答案: america11. columbus discovered the new world in the year of_. 答案: 149212. the first permanent english settlement in north america was established in _ in the year of _. 答案: virginia; 1607 13. _ is a purely american holiday. 答案: thanksgiving day14. by the 1760s, the english settlers had established _ colonies along the atlantic coast. 答案: 1315. _ declared the birth of america. 答案: declaration of independence 16. independence day is celebrated on _. 答案: 4th of july17. the book _ aroused a great discontent over slavery. 答案: uncle toms cabin18. the american civil war officially ended in the year of _. 答案: 186519. after _ the u.s. had changed from a debtor country to a creditor country. 答案: world war i20. after _ the u.s. became the strongest power in the world.答案: world war ii1. the golden-haired _ are the natives of britain island, who were later called the briton. 答案: celts2. in 55 and 43 a.d. britain was twice invaded by the _ people. 答案: romans3. the anglo-saxons began to settle in britain in _ century. 答案: 5th4. in the late 8th century they experienced _ invasion from denmark and in _ they suffered norman conquest. 答案: viking, 10665. joan of arc is a famous national heroine of french in the _. 答案: hundred years war6. the war of roses was fought between the house of _and house of lancaster. 答案: york7. the direct cause of king henry viiis religious reformation was to _ his wife. 答案: divorce8. charles i ruled the country without parliament for _ years.答案: 119. _ was also known as the “virgin queen” and_ had the longest rule in english history. 答案: elizabeth i, queen victoria10. after world war i, britain was overtaken by_.答案: america11. columbus discovered the new world in the year of_. 答案: 149212. the first permanent english settlement in north america was established in _in the year of_. 答案: virginia, 160713. _ is a purely american holiday. 答案: thanksgiving day14. by the 1760s, the english settlers had established _ colonies along the atlantic coast. 答案: 1315. _ declared the birth of america. 答案: declaration of independence 16. independence day is celebrated on _. 答案: 4th of july17. the book _ aroused a great discontent over slavery. 答案: uncle toms cabin18. the american civil war officially ended in the year of _. 答案: 186519. after _ the u.s. had changed from a debtor country to creditor country. 答案: world war i20. after _ the u.s. became the strongest power in the world.答案: world war iichoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1. which of the following is a famous prehistoric monument?(a) stonehenge(b) hadrians wall(c) westminster abby(d) tower of london 答案: (a)2. _ were the ancestors of the english and the founders of england.(a) the romans (b) the anglo-saxons(c) the vikings(d) the normans 答案: (b)3. which of the following is not part of britains civilization brought by roman invasion?(a) the names of english month came from roman gods and rulers.(b) they built towns, temples and roads.(c) they built the hardins wall.(d) they built westminster abby. 答案: (d)4. westminster abbey was built at the time of _.(a) roman invasion(b) anglo-saxons invasion(c) viking invasion(d) norman conquest 答案: (c)5. the tower of london, located in the centre of london, was built by_. (a) king harold(b) robin hood(c) oliver cromwell(d) william the conqueror 答案: (d)6. the end of the wars of the roses led to the rule of _.(a) the house of york(b) the house of lancaster(c) the house of tudor(d) the house of stuart 答案: (c)7. the english civil war broke out in 1642 between _. (a) nobles and peasants (b) roundheads and the cavaliers(c) charles i and the cavaliers(d) house of york and house of lancaster 答案: (b)8. which of the following is not a consequence of the british civil war?(a) charles i was executed.(b) charles ii was exiled. (c) the commonwealth of england was formed.(d) the stuart kingdom was restored. 答案: (d)9. which of the following is not an achievement under the rule of elizabeth i?(a) railways were built.(b) the first settlers were sent to america.(c) english drama and poetry thrived.(d) the english navy defeated the spanish armada. 答案: (a)10. which of the following is not an achievement under the rule of queen victoria?(a) railways were built.(b) most people lived in villages and worked on the land.(c) factories and machines were built to meet peoples demand.(d) britain became the richest country in the world. 答案: (b)11. which of the following is not true about american indians?(a) they are descendants of mongoloid.(b) they crossed the bering strait to alaska.(c) they grew corn only.(d) they developed brilliant civilizations. 答案: (c)12. _ confirmed that a new continent rather than india was found.(a) christopher columbus(b) amerigo vespucci(c) king james i(d) queen elizabeth 答案: (b)13. the mayflower was a ship taken by _.(a) christopher columbus(b) amerigo vespucci(c) a group of people who wanted to get hold of treasures(d) a group of people who desired free religious practice 答案: (d)14. which of the following was a direct cause of boston tea party in 1773?(a) quartering act(b) stamp act(c) tea act(d) taxation on sugar and coffee 答案: (c)15. which of the following took the function of a national government in the war of independence?(a) the first continental congress(b) the second continental congress(c) the confederate states(d) the union states 答案: (b)16. no taxation without representation was the slogan of _.(a) the settlers of virginia(b) the slaves of america(c) the indians of america(d) the people of the 13 colonial americans 答案: (d)17. _ was the first president of the united states of america.(a) benjamin franklin(b) thomas jefferson(c) george washington (d) abraham lincoln 答案: (c)18. which of the following was not a cause of american civil war?(a) religious oppression (b) economic interests of the south and north(c) political conflict between the south and north(d) slavery 答案: (a)19. _ granted freedom to all slaves in the u.s.(a) the quartering act(b) the stamp act(c) the declaration of independence(d) emancipation proclamation 答案: (d)20. the bombing of pearl harbor led to americas involvement in _.(a) the war of independence(b) the civil war(c) world war i(d) world war ii 答案: (d)explain the following terms.1. the anglo-saxonsin the 5th century, the tribes called the angles and saxons invaded britain, coming from northern europe. by the end of the 5th century, the anglo-saxons ruled most of britain. their language was called old english. from them comes the name of “england” and “english”; england came from “angle-land” meaning the land of the anglo-saxons.2. norman conquest after king edward died, duke william of normandy, from northern france, declared that edward had promised to let him become the king. on october 14, 1066, william and his army invaded england and defeated the english army. he was made king and crowned in westminster abby on christmas day, 1066. william is often referred to as william the conqueror in english history.3. robin hoodenglands best-loved legend of robin hood is an outlawed saxon nobleman oppressed by the normans. he hid in the forest near sherwood with his band of followers, called “merry men”. from this secret wood, they went out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. robin hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television series, books, comics and plays.4. the hundred years warat the beginning of the 14th century, england developed into a stronger state in europe. consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted to regain their lost land. when king edward iii of england declared that he should become the french king, the french rejected his claim so he declared war on france in 1337. the war lasted intermittently for 116 years, hence being known as the hundred years war.5. the civil warin january 1642 the civil war broke out between the roundheads (supporters of parliament) and the cavaliers (supporters of the king). the civil war ended with the parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of charles i, and his son charles ii was driven out of the country in 1649. in addition to that, oliver cromwell, the leader of the roundheads, formed republican england, known as the commonwealth of england and the english monarchy was abolished. 6. american indiansthe american indians were the descendants of the mongoloid. the name “indians” was given by columbus when he mistook them for the people of india. it is believed that about 25,000 years ago the indians crossed the bering strait land bridge to alaska. the american indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the aztecs, the incas and the mayas.7. columbus “discovery ” of americain 1492, columbus persuaded the king and queen of spain to finance his voyage. he believed that by sailing west from europe, he could reach india. columbus failed to reach india but landed at one of the caribbean islands instead. he mistook these islands for part of india and called the local people indians.8. the mayflowerthe mayflower has a famous position in american history as a symbol of early european colonization. with their religion oppressed by the church of england, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the new world in a ship named the “mayflower”. late in december, the mayflower finally landed in what is now plymouth, massachusetts. 9. declaration of independenceon july 2, 1776, the congress finally determined that these united colonies ought to be free and independent states. thomas jefferson, assisted by benjamin franklin, drafted the declaration of independence, which the congress adopted on july 4, 1776. it announced the independence of 13 north american colonies and the birth of a new nation.10. abraham lincolnin march 1861 abraham lincoln took the office of president. he realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the union at home and abroad. on january 1, 1863, he issued the emancipation proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves. chapter 2 geographytell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1. _ britain is situated in western europe.答案：t2. _the island of great britain occupies more than 90% of the territory of the u.k.答案：t3._ people of scotland, wales, and northern ireland do not like to be called english people.答案：t 4._ edinburgh is the largest city in scotland. 答案：f5._ britain has a cold maritime climate.答案：f6. _ the cheapest way to get around london is no doubt londons underground network.答案：f7. _ heathrow airport is the busiest airport in the world.答案：t8. _ only the old town district of edinburgh was listed as a unesco world heritage site in 1995. 答案：f9. _ the lake district is closely related with english literature in the 19th century. 答案：t10. _ the lake district national park is one of fourteen national parks in the united kingdom.答案：t11. _ the whole country of the u.s. is situated in the central part of north america.答案：f12. _ alaska is the largest state in the u.s. 答案：t13. _ the longest river in north america is the missouri river.答案：f14._ washington, d.c., as the capital of the united states, is governed directly by the district of columbia.答案：f15. _ washington is often called the city that never sleeps.答案：f16._ new york was founded as a commercial trading post by the dutch east india company. 答案：t17. _ the headquarters of the united nations is located in the city of washington. 答案：f18. _ the city of san francisco is the most populous city in the u.s.答案：f19. _ hollywood is governed by its honorary mayor.答案：f20._ only lake michigan is entirely within the u.s.答案：tfill in the blanks with the correct information.1. britain is separated from the european continent by_, the strait of dover and _.答案: the north sea; the english channel2. britain is made up of many islands collectively known as the british isles, of which _ and _ are the two main islands.答案: great britain; ireland3. geographically, the island of great britain can be divided into two major regions _ and _.答案: the highland zone; the lowland zone4. the northern part of the island of ireland is part of the united kingdom, while _, which occupies the southern part of the island, is an independent country.答案: the republic of ireland5. _ is the capital of both england and the united kingdom.答案: london6. _ is the queens official and main royal london home.答案: buckingham palace7. when the queen is at home, you can see her royal flag, referred to as _, flying from the flagpole on top of buckingham palace.答案: the royal standard8. edinburgh is well known for the annual _, the worlds largest arts festival.答案: edinburgh festival9. ben nevis is the highest mountain in _.答案: the british isles 10. _ is a natural product made only from cereals, water and yeast.答案: scotch whisky11. the united states is the _ largest country in the world. 答案: 4th12. the u.s. is bordered by _ on the north and by _ and the gulf of mexico on the south.答案: canada; mexico13. hawaii is situated in the central _. 答案: pacific ocean14. the central part of the united states is composed of vast plains between _ and _.答案: the appalachian mountains; the rocky mountains15. it is extremely _ in northern alaska but quite _ and humid in southern florida and hawaii.答案: cold; mild16. the district of columbia was named after _ while the city of washington was named after _.答案: christopher columbus; george washington17. the famous new york stock exchange is just on _ of manhattan.答案: