四级写作备选话题.doc

四级写作备选话题:大学生不健康生活习惯 2011年6月份作文复习重点宏观上应该是观点对比型作文和问题解决型作文，微观上应该从六种功能段落去突破：即，1.现象描述（正、反）；2.问题分析（危害）；3.原因分析；4. 意义阐述（阐述意义，即重要性或好处）5.建议措施（分为对正面现象建议和负面现象建议）；6. 观点阐述（正、反和我的观点）更加详细内容，请复习讲义和要求大家背诵的范文。 备选话题1：大学生不健康的生活习惯 Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Unhealthy Habits of College Students. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1部分大学生有不健康的生活习惯，例如：晚睡、过度消费、沉溺游戏。 2这种不健康生活习惯的危害 3如何纠正 写作思路依然是上课反复强调的功能段落的写作思路：首段为负面现象描述（即提出问题），二段为问题分析（危害），尾段为建议措施。 It can be noticed that there are some unhealthy living habits among young people, especially college students. Typical examples include staying up late, being addicted to games, consuming in an inappropriate way. Thus, due attention should be paid to students daily habits. Apparently, these bad habits may generate negative impacts. To begin with, they may impair students physical health and psychological fitness. In addition, what worries many teachers is that they may also exert negative influences on students academic performance. To conclude, never can we turn a blind eye to these phenomena.In view of the seriousness of this issue, it is time that we took effective measure. Firstly, it is suggested that universities or colleges should cultivate students awareness of healthy living. Secondly, students themselves are well-advised to learn to regulate and control their own life appropriately. Only by doing so, can we hope to see the ideal scenes in which students enjoy their colorful and healthy life in Ivory Tower. （162 words）二、四级写作常考题型及写作思路 四级写作常考话题主要为两类：校园类和社会类。校园话题含绿色校园、选修课、社团活动等；社会话题为博物馆、环境、娱乐活动等。 四级写作体裁有三种：论说文、应用文及图表作文。1990年至2010年42次四级写作中三种体裁的分布如下： 可见，四级写作考察重点是论说文。其中，近12次四级考试中论说文考了10次，应用文2次，图表作文0次。 因此，建议复习重点为论说文。 论说文有三种：问题解决型、观点对比型和现象描述型。其中问题解决型作文是近年考察重点（5次），其次是观点对比型（3次）和现象描述型（2次）。 论说文建议采用三段式写作思路。 （1）观点对比型：该类作文是2011年重点备考类型，理由如下： 2008年12月至2010年12月连续五次均考“问题解决型”作文，改换类型几率较高。接下来，请关注一下该类作文命题形式的变化。 年份 题目 提纲 1999年6月 Reading Selectively or Extensively? 1.有人认为读书要有选择2.有人认为应该博览群书3.我的看法 2008年6月 Recreational Activities 1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害3.作为大学生，我的看法 2006年12月 On the Spring Festival Gala 1.许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春晚2.有人提出取消春晚3.我的看法 可以看出，当前该类作文的命题不同与2000年之前，具体表现在命题思路上。区别主要体现提纲形式的变化上：传统观点对比型 1. 支持方观点 +2. 反方观点 +3. 我的看法 当前观点对比型 1. 现象描述+ 2. 观点（利弊）分析+3. 我的看法 友情提示：经典的观点对比型作文写作模板用在如今的考试之中已无效了。 下面，以2008年6月份真题为例介绍该类作文的最新破题思路 2008年6月英文题目：Recreational activities 提纲：1. 娱乐活动多种多样 2. 娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性 3. 作为大学生我的看法 例文： 首段：描述现象+ 观点阐述（利）+原因 Living in the era of information and technology, individuals have access to a variety of recreational activities. Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary for people to participate in these activities, because they bring convenience and benefits. In their eyes, without these activities, it is impossible for them to ease their working and studying pressure. Moreover, what makes them convinced is that enjoying recreational time is of great significance for them to make friends. 二段：观点阐述(弊) +原因 Beneficial as these activities are, others have an opposite perspective. First, they argue that taking part in them means a great amount of time, money and energy; therefore, their work may be afflicted. In addition, what worries many parents or teachers is that some games (gambling or computer games) may have negative influences on teenagers learning. 尾段：我的看法（观点阐述）+具体说明（理由） Who is right? I think there is something right in both arguments. However, I am convinced that we should attach more importance to our study or work firstly. Then, we are also expected to get relaxed through positive recreational activities. （2）问题解决型：问题解决型作文是近年重点，也是2011年6月四级备考次重点。其写作思路一般可以总结为：现象（问题）描述+原因（危害）分析+建议措施（我的看法）。 以2010年6月份真题为例介绍该类题型的破题思路。 2010年6月英文题目：Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling 汉语提纲1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写。 2.出现这种情况的原因。 3.如何避免这一问题 例文： 首段：问题描述 = 背景+描述+总结 In the present-day world, English has become indispensable. However, it can be noticed that learners pay less attention to spelling than ever before. Therefore, this problem has become a matter of concern for teachers and students. 中间段：原因分析= 主题句+原因1+原因2 Generally speaking, several reasons can account for this phenomenon. To begin with, while writing, students tend to type on computers, which can correct spelling mistakes automatically. In addition, most English tests are based on choosing correct answers, in which spelling is not a necessity. 尾段：建议措施= 主题句+建议1+建议2 To tackle this issue, I am convinced that “Practice makes perfect.” First, all English learners students from primary schools, middle schools and colleges are highly hoped to practice word-spelling. Second, it is suggeste