On becoming a better studentppt课件.ppt

,OnBecomingaBetterStudentDonnaFarhiSchuster,1,Whokilledtheseteachers?,2008年10月4日，山西朔州某学生将一位年仅23岁，与其素无冤仇的老师郝旭东刺死；10月21日，浙江缙云31岁的女教师潘伟仙被学生丁某掐死在家访途中；10月29日，中国政法大学43岁的教授程春明被本校一学生砍死在教室里。是谁杀死了老师？,2,入学不足一月，没有任何仇怨，揣着三把利刃，连捅老师四刀10月4日，发生在课堂之上的惊天血案在山西朔州惨烈上演。被害的老师家境贫寒，才华横溢，曾考中两所学校的研究生，23岁，创作发表了20余部小说和剧本。,3,雨后的晴空：郝旭东的Blog,郝旭东我的生日:1985年1月我的身高：170cm我的体重：62kg我的籍贯：山西忻州我的特长：写作、评论、演讲、溜冰、骑马我的爱好：读书、听音乐、运动,4,5,ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw（CUPL）teacherstabbedtodeath，receivingfreepsychologicalcounselingnoauthoritativesourcetoconfirmFusmotivesformurderThemurderatuniversitywasthethirdattackonateacherinChinathisOctober.Intheothertwocases,a16-year-oldmiddleschoolstudentkilledhisteacherwithaknifeinShanxiProvince.Anotherstudentofthesameage,inZhejiangProvince,strangledhisteachertodeath.,6,lament,7,传道授业解惑的教书先生,原本令无数人尊敬,何时成为了像危险活的担当者?是什么原因令师生关系紧张到非得兵刀相向、不共戴天的地步?。“不光是老师，父母也不尊重我，同学也是，他们歧视我我也不会去尊重他们，我的心灵渐渐扭曲。我采用了这种最极（端）的方法。我不会去后悔，从我这个想法一出，我就知道了我选择了一条不归路，一条通向死亡的道路，我希望我用这种方式可以唤醒人们对学生的态度，认识社会，认识国家，认识到老师的混蛋，让教育业可以改变。”-山西16岁中学生李明,8,只有生命被敬畏、被尊重，只有人不被人所消灭，这个社会才会给人最起码的安全感，才会真正有希望。为人师者，“使学生对教师尊敬的惟一源泉在于教师的德和才”；为人学者，“为学莫重于尊师”。师生关系是教育中最积极、最活跃、最能动的人际关系，有民主性、双向性、多重性、主体性、互动性等特点。,9,教育的本质不仅是给人一种谋生的技能，还应该给人一个健全的人格、坚韧的心灵和社会责任感当社会环境已然世风日下的时候，教育又谈何独善其身呢？学校和教育的问题根本还在于社会，当我们每一个人都趋于利而忘于义，学校和教育又怎么能说服莘莘学子向善慕义。,10,确立良好的师生关系，首先要消除学生对教师的陌生感。其次，教师要树立可以信任的权威。“敬畏”教师对学生要一律平等。弑师案凸显学校管理资源配置失衡师生关系紧张校园心理健康的防线是一条很脆弱的防线。,11,人跟人的距离在逐渐拉远，不管是老师和学生，种种因素，他们的距离在拉开，同班同学的距离都在拉开，连同宿舍的都在拉开。文明教育的悲剧，校园暴戾之气有转型社会矛盾相对多发的原因学生对于教师普遍缺乏信任感,更遑论爱戴之情了。,12,一是学校与社会环境的冲突使然。二是制度设计的偏差。三是大学学术精神的衰退。四是教师自律精神的缺失。五是学生单一的文凭观割断了良好的师生关系。师生关系的紧张是应试教育制度的“炮灰”,13,我始终都坚信教书应当是一件很轻松愉悦的事情,让学生生活在洁净的天空下,无论他们成绩的好坏,都能平等地享受到这份快乐,这是我一直追寻的梦想,这个梦想如果能实现,教书不会是一件危险活儿。教书还应育人，以理服人，更重要的是以情服人。,14,Pre-readingquestions,1.Asastudent,whatisyourexpectationofteachers?Doyouexpectthemtobeomniscientandomnipotent,orashumanasyouare?2.Whatdoyouthinkarethepersonalitytraitsofafinestudent?,15,Tipsfromaninstructor,Sittowardthefrontofclass.Youarelesslikelytobedistractedthanyouwouldinbackoftheclass.Ifyoudontunderstandmaterialdiscussedinclass,oryouarenotdoingaswellasyouwant,thenpleasetalktome,theinstructor.Gettingdiscouraged,avoidingdiscussingabadgrademayonlycausetheproblemtolinger.Bytalkingtomeimmediately,youmayfixtheproblemquicklyandasaresultmayenjoytheclassmore.,16,Studyeveryday.Ifyoureadyourtextbookandreviewyournotes,evenfor15-30minutesaday,youwillfindthatpreparingfortestsismuchlesspainful,andtheresultsaremuchbetter.Lastminutestudyingorcramming,evenforseveralhours,justreallyisntaseffectiveasstudyingregularly,alittlebiteachday.Thebesttimetostudyiswithin2-4hoursaftertheclass.Reviewingthedaysmaterialatthistimehelpsyoutoremembermorepermanentlywhathappenedinclassthatday.,17,Findcolleaguestostudywith.Askeachotherreviewquestions,comparehomeworkanswers,andquizeachotheronthematerial.Studyingtogetherwillusuallyhelpyoutofocusmoreonthematerial(oftenwhenIstudymymindisapttowanderontootherthings),findalternativeexplanations,anddiscoverifyouveforgottentostudyanymaterial.,18,Whattodowhenyoustudy?Herearesomethingstodo:,ReviewyourclassnotesReadtheassignedtextRecopyclassnotes,addinginfoyoumayhaveleftoutorthatyoupickedupfromreadingthetextAnswerreviewquestionsMakeupyourownreviewquestions,possiblyforastudypartnertoanswer,19,Whatmakesteachershappy?Hereareafewreallyeasythings:,Bepunctual.Itsdiscouragingtowatchstudentsarrivelateandleaveclassearly.Itisacourtesytowarnyourinstructoradvanceofalatearrivalorearlydeparture.Makeeyecontact.Lookingsomewhereelsegivestheimpressionyouarentlistening.Participateinclass.Evenaskingtorepeatorclarifysomethingisappreciated.Usetheinstructorsname.Everyonelikesitwhenpeopleknowyourname.,20,Submitworkontime.Followguidelinesexactlyonassignments,andturninneat,legiblework.Requestexplanations.Believeitornot,alotofteacherslikeitwhenyouaskforhelp.Thanktheteacher.,21,AWorldofYogaSpirit+Body=Harmony,Yogaisaformofmysticism神秘主义thatdevelopedontheIndiansubcontinentintheHinduculturalcontext.InthissenseYogarepresentsaprocessthroughwhichonecanlearnhowtoliveinthemostintegratedway.TheliteralmeaningofthewordYogainSanskritisUNIONorINTEGRATION.Yogaisthereforetheunionandintegrationofeveryaspectofahumanbeing,fromtheinnermosttotheexternal.,22,AccordingtoYogaexperts,theunionreferredtobythenameisthatoftheindividualsoulwiththecosmos,ortheSupreme.Yogahasbothaphilosophicalandapracticaldimension.Thephilosophyofyoga(union)dealswiththenatureoftheindividualsoulandthecosmos,andhowthetwoarerelated.Thepracticeofyoga,ontheotherhand,canbeanyactivitythatleadsorbringsthepractitionerclosertothismysticalunionastatecalledself-realization.,23,Thepracticeofyogateachesushowtoquietthemindbyplacingattentiontothebreath,andalsoonthemovements(stillness)ofthebody.Itcomesinmanyformsspecificallydesignedtosuitdifferenttypesofpeople.Asaresult,someformsofyogahavegainedsignificantpopularityoutsideIndia,particularlyintheWestduringthepastcentury.,24,瑜伽来自古老的印度，是梵文“YOGA”译音，源自两个字根yuj与gham的组合，原意是加法、融合，意旨把精神和肉体结合到最佳状态，使得内心平和与身体健康更为和谐统一，从而把生命和自然结合到最完美的境界。与其他健身运动不同，瑜伽不强调运动的技能性，注重的是身体潜能的释放、气息的调理和冥想的力量。在每一次最大限度的身体扭转与弯曲中，气息尽量保持平稳、深入，使冥想的空间纯净而悠远。这种冥想可以深入地放松紧张的肌肉和神经，促进身体潜能的进一步释放。,25,26,27,28,29,PopstarsinYoga,30,蔡依林，罗雪娟（倒挂金钩）,31,钟丽缇，阿雅，韩雪（童子拜佛）,32,莫文蔚，潘美辰（金鸡独立）,33,周彦宏，伍咏薇,34,35,36,37,38,39,Yogawithtaiji,40,1、空腹时进行最好是在进餐前的1-2小时，当胃处于比较空的状态下，排完便进行。2、以鼻呼吸基本上要靠鼻子进行呼吸，鼻子可以清除空气中的杂菌、病毒、预防干燥，从平时就注意的鼻子呼吸吧！3、裸足进行基本上要裸足练习瑜伽。如果穿着鞋子进行会有滑倒的危险，尤其是进行站立的动作时，最好是光着脚。4、运动后不要立即洗浴在激烈运动与入浴后不要进行。在20-30分钟后，脉搏平稳时，稍做休息后进行练习。5、身体状况糟时不要勉强当您生病或不舒服时，必须获得医生的许可，在可能的范围内进行。,41,First,itsimportanttolearnandtrulybelievethattheYogabreathisthescienceofbreathcontrol.Itisaterriblywonderfulthingtomaster,butmaytakeyoumanymonthstobeabletodoonaregular,Yogabasis.TheYogabreathisthekeydifferentiaorthatseparatesitfromeveryotherformofexercise.Thatisbecause,thebreathtakesplaceinandoutofthenose.,42,TipstoaidinyourbreathingPracticebreathinginSavasana,orCorpsePosePlaceyourhandsoveroneanother,palmsdown,onyourabdomenRestifyoufeeldizzyorlightheaded(thismayoccurifyouareabeginner)Envisionateardrop(below)formationorfillaballoonwitheachbreathSlowthebreathdown,1inhale=2exhalesFeelthebellyriseandfallwitheachbreath,43,Tobeagoodstudent,44,45,46,Structureofthetext,Pa1-2Theintroductorypartstatesthewriterexpectsfromherstudents-learnhowtolearnbythemselves.Pa3-9Themainbodydiscussesthequalitiesgoodstudentshave.Pa10Thewritergivesmoretipsfortheaspiringstudent.,47,Questionsforcomprehension,Part0neWhatdostudentsexpectfromtheirteachers?Tobeenthusiastic,reliableandknowledgeable.Whydoesthewritermentionthestudentsexpectationsfortheirteacherfirst?,48,Itseemsthatsheisbeatingaroundthebushes,butactuallysheintendstoredresssomeoftheirviews.Studentsarerequiredtorealizethatlearningisnotmeanttobeagive-and-takeprocess.Whatthestudentsshouldgetfromschooleducationisthecultivationoftheabilitytolearnthroughtheirownobservationandinvestigation.Thisleadstothediscussionofthefactorsthatwillmakeagoodstudent.,49,Dontbeataroundthebush,Dontbeataroundthebush.（别拐弯抹角/旁敲侧击/兜圈子。）【额外成就感】Tellmethetruth;dontbeataroundthebush.（实话告诉我，别兜圈子。）Stopbeatingaroundthebushandtellmewhowon.（不要东拉西扯了，告诉我谁赢了。）,50,OMNISCIENT.全知|无所不知的|博识的|全知的ChristiansbelieveinanomniscientandomnipotentGod.基督徒相信有全知与全能的上帝。omniparity一切平等omnipresent无所不在的Heisanomnipotentbureaucrat.他是个有很大权力的官僚。,51,Languagepoints,1Partake(oftenhumorous)toeatordrink，especiallysomethingoffered“Wouldyoucaretopartakeofalittlewinewithus?”“No，thankyouIdontpartake”(=dontdrinkalcohol)Inthepassage“partake”isfigurativelyusedtomean“todrawonorriseasonewishes(theteachersrepositoriesofskillandknowledge),52,partakeofmostoftheactivitiesvi.partakeineachothersjoysandsorrows同甘共苦Willyoupartakeofoursimplemeal?partakeamealwithsb.Vt.partakeonesmealTheypartook(of)ourtriumph.,53,2Atwill(formal)asonewishesYoucanusemycaratwill(=anytimeyouwantto)cfwithawill:energetically；witheagerinterestTheyworkedwithawillandhadclearedapathby9:00a.m,54,3.tofeelweightedtofeelunhappyandanxious4.takeituponyourselftodosth.:todecidetodosomethingwithoutpermissionorapproval,e.g.Stephantookituponhimselftosellthecarwhilehisfatherwasawayonbusiness.Thefactthatthechildtookituponhimselftoquitschoolenragedhisparents.,55,Whatisan“investigativespirit”?Pa4Itisthespiritthatwillspurstudentstoinvestigatetheknownaswellasexploretheunknown.Withit,theyareapttomakeobservationsandthinkfromdifferentperspectivesandconcludeupontheirownobservation.,56,Accordingtothewriter，whatshouldstudymean?Pa5Studyshouldnotaimatachievements.Rather,itshouldbeaninfiniteprocess,aprocessthatgoesonthroughoutoneslife.,57,Whydoesthewritersaythatacreativepersonusesthe“failure”asasteppingstone?Pa6Thewriterencouragesexploringspirit.Ifoneisonlycomplacentwiththeacceptedanswer,hemanyneverfail,buthecannotscoreanymoreachievement.Onlyuponthestrengthofhisowninvestigationwillheenjoymorefindings.Butofcourse,inhistrials,hemayexperiencefailure.Failurewillteachhimabouttheunknownandleadtotheotherpossiblesolutions.Failure,inthissense,isthemotherofsuccess.,58,Whyispushingorforcingconsideredapitfall?pa9Manyadvancedlearnersaretooanxiousfornewachievements.Theytendtotryveryhardinonearea,withoutrealizingthefactthatdifferentfieldsofknowledgearerelatedandthatprofoundknowledgemustbeaccumulatedstepbystep.Bypushingorforcing,theymaygainlittlealthoughtheyvestrainedthemselves.,59,5.embody:1)toexpressandshowanideaorquality,e.g.Thesculptureembodiestheartistsloveofanimals.Theoldsoldierembodiedherideaofpatriotism.2)toinclude(fml.),e.g.Theexperimentsoftenscientistswereembodiedinthereport.Thetestimonyisembodiedinthecourtrecord.,60,6.NobelPrizewinningphysicianAlbertSzentGyorgyiputitwellwhenhesaidput:tosay；toexpressinwords,e.g.Shewantedtotellherparentsthatshewasplanningtoliveonherown，butshedidntknowhowtoputit.Everyoneshouldhaveachancetoputtheirpointofview.,61,7.discipline,(1)training，especiallyofthemindandcharacter，aimedatproducingselfcontrolobedience，etcAnydisciplinebutespeciallythosewithgreatsubtletyandcomplexity，likeyogaorTaichicallbealifelongpursuitYogaisagooddisciplineforlearningtorelax,62,(2)thequalityofbeingabletobehaveinastrictlycontrolledwaywhichinvolvesobeyingparticularrulesorstandardsPersistence，consistency，anddisciplinearerequiredThetesttakersshowedperfectdisciplineduringtheexamination.,63,(3)abranchofknowledge：asubjectofstudyIfwecanlookatourchosendisciplineorcraftasailongoingprocessratherthanasadiscreteaccomplishment，thepotentialforlearningcanbeinfiniteIamworkingforpeoplefromawiderangeofscientificdisciplines,64,Thesoldiersshowedperfectdisciplineunderthefireoftheenemy.vt.-plined,-pliningStudentsmustlearntodisciplinethemselves.Sheundernocircumstancesdisciplinesherchildrenandtheyareuncontrollable.,65,8.Withoutthese,ourlearningisbutfrothwithoutsubstance.but:(formal)only,e.g.SheisbutabeginnerOnecannotbutdosomething.=OneCanonlydosomething.Icouldnotbutadmitthatyouwerefightandlawswrong,66,9.ComparediscretewithdiscreetThetwowordsarefrequentlyconfusedduetotheirsimilarityinpronunciationandspelling,e.g.Thesesmallcompaniesnowhavetheirowndiscrete(=independent,separate)identityWemustbeextremelydiscreet(=careful)inwhatwedoandsay:thepolicesuspectsomething.,67,10.liveupto:tobehaveinaccordancewith(whatisexpected);toachieveorkeep(highstandards),e.g.Didtheconcertliveuptoyourexpectations?(=Wasitasgoodasyouhadexpected?)YoudisappointedUSbyfailingtoliveuptoyourprinciples.,68,11.footing:theconditionsorarrangementsunderwhichsomethingexistsoroperates,e.g.ona(an)legal/scientific/sound/firm/solid/equalfooting.,69,12.Precedence,theconditionofbeingdealtwithbeforeotherthingsorofbeingconsideredmoreimportantthanotherthingsBusinesspeopleoftenthinkthatfluencyandcommunicationtakehaveprecedenceovergrammarwhenspeakingLetsdealwiththequestioninorderofprecedence(=theimportantonesfirst),70,Relatedwordsareprecede(v.)，precedent(n.)，precedented(a.)，andunprecedented(adj.).Precede:tocomeorgobeforesomethingintime，order，rank，etc.e.g.BillClintonprecededGeorgeWBushasPresidentoftheUnitedStates.Precedent:earlierdecision，case，event，etcthatisregardedasanexampleorruleforwhatcomeslater,e.g.tocreateestablishsetserveasaprecedentforsomethingTheQueenhasbrokenwithprecedentbysendingherchildrentoordinaryschools.,71,Precedented:havingorsupposedbyaprecedent,e.g.ItwasadecisionnotprecedentedinEnglishlaw.Unprecedented:withoutprecedent；neverhavinghappened，beendoneorbeenknownbefore,e.g.Asituationunprecedentedinthehistoryofthetown.Thetwentiethcenturywitnessedenvironmentaldestructiononallunprecedentedscale.,72,period|questionmark|exclamationmark|colon|semicolon|hyphen|dashparentheses|ellipsis|apostrophe|quotationmarks|comma|slashperiod.questionmark?apostropheexclamationpoint!colon:semicolon;Hyphen-dashparentheses()bracketsellipsisquotationmarks“”slash/Comma,73,13.asteppingstone:sththathelpsyoutoprogresstowardssthesp.inyourwork,e.g.Thinkofthejobasasteppingstonetosomethingbetter.14.taketheinitiative:bethefirsttotakeactiontoimproveasituationorrelationship,esp.whenotherpeoplearewaitingforsomeoneelsetodosomething,74,15.prior,comingorplannedbeforeShewasunabletoattendthereceptionbecauseofapriorengagement(=beforeshewasinvitedtothereception，shehadarrangedtodosomethingelsewhichwouldpreventherfromgoingtothereception)Priorto(formal)beforeThecontractwillbesignedpriortotheceremonyThereateplentyofarrangementstomakepriortodeparture.,75,16.pitfall,amistakethatmayeasilybemadeTheEnglishnumbersandfiguresprovidemanypitfallsforChineselearners.Canforwardplanninghelpavoidstressfulpitfalls?,76,17.Complacency,(disapproving)afeelingofcalmsatisfactionwithonesownabilitiesorsituationthatpreventsonefromtryingharderWhatworriestheprincipalaboutthesestudentsistheircomplacencytheyseemtohavenodesiretoexpandtheirhorizons.Iseenoreasonforthegovernmentscomplacency.,77,complacentaIdislikehiscomplacentattitudeplacentlyadIdislikeitwhenhesmilescomplacently,78,18.Aspire,desireorworktowardsachievingsthimportantaspiretodosth,79,Part3,Whatdoyouthinkofthesetips?Opendiscussion.Whatothertipswouldyouliketoaddtothelist?Opendiscussion.,80,19.Correspondence,theactofexchangingletters：thelettersexchangedbetweenpeopletotakedoacorrespondencecourse(=acourseoflessonsinwhichinformationandworkareexchangedbypost)Theauthoressseldommentionsherrenownedhusbandinhercorrespondence,