定语从句学案.doc

高考定语从句复习学案定语从句常见考点归纳定语从句是中学英语教学的重点，也是学生学习的难点，同时又是高考考查的热点。纵观近年各地高考试题，就能发现考点大多集中在1. 带有插入语的定语从句；2. which 、as 引导的非限定性定语从句；3. 定语从句和强调句、同位语从句的区别等方面。一、概念:修饰某一_或_ 的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫_; 引导定语从句的词叫_。he is the boy who often goes to school late. 先行词 关系词 定语从句原则： a. 定语从句必须紧紧地跟在 后面，限制修饰先行词。 b.定语从句必须用 来引导。 c.关系词在定语从句中作 . 关系词包括：_和_ i hate a woman who likes talking nonstop.she is the old woman whom/that i saw this morning. mary is the girl whose parents work in japan. is this the key which/that you are looking for? october 1, 1949 is the day when new china was founded. this is the house where the great man was born. i dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.二、关系代词用法 1. which 先行词_ 在从句中作_1) football is a game which is liked by most boys.2) is this the key which you are looking for? 2. who：先行词_ 在从句中作_ 1) the boys who are playing football are from class one.2) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.3. whom 先行词_ 在从句中作_.mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see4. that 先行词_ 在从句中作_ guilin is a city that has a history of 2000 years. this is the boy that you are looking after.5. whose 先行词_ 在从句中作_ .1) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.2) this is the boy whose parents died in the earthquake.注意：关系代词that 的用法: 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况1. all that is needed is a supply of oil. 2. finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 3. the first place that they visited in london was the big ben4. this is the best film that i have seen.5. this is the very good dictionary that i want to buy,6. who is the man that is standing there?7. which is the t-shirt that fits me most?8. can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?9. the village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago三、由关系副词引导的定语从句1. when: 先行词_ 在从句中作_ october 1, 1949 is the day when new china was founded. 2. where: 先行词_ 在从句中作_this is the house where the great man was born. 3. why: 先行词_ 在从句中作_i dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.同步习题1. the village _ i once worked has changed a lot. a. which b. where c. that d. /2. do you know the year _the chinese communist party was founded?a. which b. that c. when d. on which3. this is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.a. who b. which c. that d. why4. the place _interested me most was the childrens palace.a. which b. where c. what d. in which5. that is the day _ill never forget.a. which b. on which c. in which d. when四、 关系代词和关系副词的区别:1. (1) guilin is a city_ has a history of 2000 years.(2) guilin is a city_ he has lived for 20 years.2. (1) i still remember the day i first came to the school.(2) i still remember the day i spent with you.3. (1) please tell me the reason you missed the plane. (2) this is the reason you explained to me.总结 第一步 确定 第二步看其在后面定语从句中充当 五、as 引导定性定语从句1. 引导限定性定语从句1). take as many books as you want.2). here is so big a stone as no man can lift.3). he read such books as will make him wiser.4). the town is about the same distance from nanjing as yangzhou is.注意：定语从句suchas 与结果状语从句such that的区别： as在所引导的定语从句中作主语，宾语；that在结果状语从句中不做成分 it was such a difficult job i cant finish it on time. it was such a difficult job i cant finish on time. 2.as 引导非限制性定语从句 (1) as is known to all, china is a developing country.(2) he is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) he has been to paris more than several times, which i dont believe.总结： 六、非限制性定语从句 1.yesterday i met professor king, who came from the university of london. 2.tom found the ancient book, which was broken.3.a middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.4. i like the house, whose windows face the sea.5. i like the little girl, whom i often help.6. people will remember august 8th, 2008, when 29th olympic games was held in beijing.7.i dream of going to beijing, where the 29th olympic games was held.8. as is known to all, he is the best student.总结：关系代词 关系副词 不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。同步习题1. is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the ufo in the field.2. china got the most gold medals in the olympics, makes people excited.3.hangzhou is a beautiful city, _people visit the famous west lake.4. beijing, _ is the capital of china, has a very long history.5. the young man had a new girl friend, _ is a pop star.6.yesterday, i met my friend,_ husband went abroad.7. mr.black is a kind-hearted person.,_ i often turn to .七. 介词+关系代词引导定性定语从句 1. cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends. 2.the school in which he once studied is very famous. 3. we respect our teacher,with whose help we have made great progress. 4.this is the watch (which / that) i am looking for. 5.he loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 总结: 当先行词是物时, 用介词+ 引导定语从句, 不能加that 当先行词是人时, 用介词+ 引导定语从句, 不能加that 关系代词是所有格时,用介词+ 引导定语从句 “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等 代词或者数词。 注意:含有介词的短语动词 拆开, 介词仍放在短语动词的 。如: look for, look after, take care of 等。介词的选择1. 根据介词和定语从句中 。who is the man with whom you justshook hands?in the dark street there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. a. that b. who c. from whom d. to whom2. 根据定语从句 需要, 此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。 he had a bad cold, because of which he didnt attend the meeting。 in the office i never seem to have time until after 5:30pm _ many people have got home. a. whose time b. that c. on which d. by which 3.根据定语从句 确定。the house in which we put our tools is going to be rebuilt.4. whose可转换为“ of +关系代词”型。they live in a house, whose door opens to the south. they lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.they lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.1). the sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live.2). the student _ whom we were talking is the best student in our class.3). ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.八 定语从句的考点考点一：不重复先行词 he made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. a. which i think it is b. which i think is c. which i think it d. i think which is 考点二：.定语从句与同位语从句.1）a. the news _our volleyball team won the match made us excited.b. the news _he told me yesterday is exciting.2). a. i made a promise _ if anyone set me free, i would make him very rich.b. the mother made a promise _ pleased all her children.考点三.定语从句与强调句1) a. it is in this room _i lived last year.b. it is the room _i lived last year.2) a. it was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. b. it was seven oclock _he went to school this morning考点四：当先行词受the same 修饰时 she wore the same dress that she wore at marys wedding. she wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.考点五：以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句the way _he answered the questions was surprising. this is the way _ he told me to solve the problem.考点六：一些特殊词之后的where定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, stage, condition，position和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。 ive come to the point i cant stand him. the country is in the situation a war will break out at any time.基础检测1. many young people prefer the songs _ have great lyrics. a which b who c where d whom3. its well known that zhou jielun is a singer _ is popular with the young. a whose b whom c who d which3. the camel _i rode had a bad temper, and i got very tired. a that b whose c who d where4.-the duty of project hope is to help poor children, isnt it?-yes, it has built many schools _those children can study happily. a where b when c which d that5. im a sports fan .im interested in everything _is about the olympics in beijing. a that b. who c where d when6. even teachers cant understand some expressions _their students use in daily life. a whose b who c that d whom7. if a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _works hard. a which b / c whom d who8. i like the music _i can sing along with. a what b that c who d why9. -what are you looking for?-im looking for the book _i bought yesterday. a who b which c whose10. -do you know the girl _is standing under the tree?-she is my little sister. a who b whom c whose d which11. summer is the time of year _the days are long and the nights are short. a when b that c where d which12. it is one of the most beautiful pictures _i have ever seen. a that b which c what d whom13. you can talk with anyone _you think is friendly. a who b whom c which d .what14.-have you found the information about famous people _you can use for the report? -not yet.ill search some on the internet. a which b who c what d whom15. the novel _ was written by qiong yao is so moving that many girls like it. a who b that c when d what16.the doctor _is leaving for africa next month. a the nurse is talking to him b whom the nurse is talking c the nurse is talking to d who the nurse is talking17. he showed me around the school _he studied three years ago. a that b where c when d there18. he didnt te