七选五解题技巧全国卷ppt课件.ppt

七选五阅读答题指导 1 题型解读 试题模式 给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章 对应有七个选项 要求同学们根据文章结构 内容 选出正确的句子 填入相应的空白处 考查重点 主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握 考试说明 选项特点 主旨概括句 文章整体内容 过渡性句子 文章结构 注释性句子 上下文逻辑意义 2 解题技巧 篇章结构类细节逻辑类 3 篇章结构类 4 1 问题在段首或小标题通常是段落主题句 认真研究后一句内容 根据段落一致性原则 查找同义词或其他相关词 推断出主题句 小标题注意格式一致问题 且通常都为祈使句 2 问题在段尾 或文章结尾通常是结论 概括性语句 认真研究前一句内容 并且注意在选项中查找表示结果 结论 总结等的信号词 如therefore asaresult thus hence inshort tosumup toconclude inaword等词语 选项中也可发现前文的同义词句 5 空格为段落标题 2010课标全国卷 73Whenapersonisaskingaquestion showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification A Showyourtrueinterest B Restatethequestionwithrespect C Someideascanbequiteconcrete 6 Ex 10 Everyday whenshecomesbackhomefromwork shesetsaboutdoinghousework sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture andputtingeverythinginorder Sheseemstobebusyallthetime Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus A Sheenjoyslisteningtoclassmusic B Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals C Mymotherishard workingandneverwastesmoney D Asamother shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort 7 空格在段尾 2011辽宁卷 BythetimeIwas12 MygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromotedmetosellingcosmetics 化妆品 Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye EventhoughIwasjustakid womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas WhatcolordoyouthinkIshouldwear Itookarealinterestintheirquestionsandwasabletotranslatewhattheywantedintomakeup 化妆 ideas 74 C Iendedmysellingarecordamountofcosmetics D TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme Ilistentocustomers E Mygrandma strusttaughtmehowtohandle 8 细节逻辑类型 9 问题位于段落当中仔细分析前后句 找出相同词或相关词 找出句子之间的逻辑关系 如指代关系 因果关系 并列与递进关系 转折与让步关系等 10 1 词汇复现复现 是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段 即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述 复现关系 主要是指同义词复现 近义词复现 反义词复现等 双保险 上下文再核实一下 11 词汇复现 同词复现 2010全国课标卷 Duringmyfirstmeeting Ipresentedandthenopenedthefloortoquestions 71 Myfirstreactionwastoanswerdefensively B Restatethequestionwithrespect C Someideascanbequiteconcrete D Thereweremanydifficultquestions 12 词汇复现 反义词复现 2012辽宁卷 Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown orchangedourjobsorschools Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71 Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage D Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends E Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople F Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch 13 Ex1 By2020 Dr DavidDavisbelieves cartechnologywillgivemotoristsaclearviewoftheroad whatevertheweatherconditions byprojectinganimageoftheroadaheadontothecar swindscreen Carswillbeconnectedbyanelectronictowbar 牵引杠 tothecarinfronttoform road trains Everydriverwilluselessfuelinthecarheowns Thecarwillautomaticallyspeedup orslowdown tomatchthespeedofthecarinfront Anditwillnotbeownedbyoneindividual Andby2030 carswilltravelinline linkedtoeachotherelectronically 14 2 词汇同现法词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现 达到语义衔接的目的 你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词 从而达到快而准 一般来说 上下文中词汇联系越接近 上下文的衔接关系越紧密 如 15 Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney 71soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings candyortoys forexample D Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou E Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou G Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest 词汇同现 同一词汇范畴 2011课标全国卷 16 Ex2 halfofshoppersrefusedtoqueueformorethanfiveminutesinahighstreetshop TheInternet whichallowsshopperstobuymoregoods withjustaclickofthemouse isoneofthereasonwhypeople spatienceappearstobethin A Itwastypicalinthepast B Butitwouldseemwearenolongerpreparedtowaitinline C MorepeopleprefertoclickthemouseforshoppingathomeD Asaresult foodanddrinksellersarehavingtofindnewwaystodelivergoodcustomerservice 17 Ex3 Ontheotherhand theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday to dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense timeawayfromone sschool family Thefollowingareitsadvantages However theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages Consideradistanceeducation Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool 18 3 指代关系 代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高 代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念 巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题 19 指代关系 2012全国课标卷 Trytakingthesefoursteps thenexttimeyouarestressed 1 Getsupport Whenyouneedhelp reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou Talkto trustedadult suchas parentorotherrelatives 72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems suchasdealingwithatest orthedeathofabelovedpet D Ah itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone E Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis F Anddon tforgetaboutyourfriends 20 Ex4 Itisaveryhappydayformanyboysandgirls Beforethetermsendsinsomeschools thechildrenactanativity 基督诞生 or birth play showinghowJesuswasborninastable 马厩 A PeopleareoftenbusygoingshoppingB NowtheChinesepeoplealsocelebrateChristmas C Theturkeyorchickenisquicklyeaten D ChristmasDayfallsonthetwenty fiftyofDecember 21 Ex5 Thathappensinthe1980s And mostrecently shesaysmanykindsofpeoplehavejoinedthemovement Theyrepresentmanyraces regionsandpoliticalbeliefs TheyaremainlyrichpeopleParentschoosehome schoolingforseveralreasons Mostoften theirparentsaretheirteachers Shesaystheseincluderichpeopleandpoorpeople 22 Ex 7 Somechooseitbecauseoftheirreligiousbeliefs Otherssayitprovidesmoretimeforthefamilytobetogether Theysayhomeoffersabetterplaceforlearning Someparents A Soanumberofparentsbeganhome schoolingB Home schoolingisnotacceptedbyallthepeopleC Parentschoosehome schoolingforseveralreasonsD Mostoften theirparentsaretheirteachers 23 4 逻辑关系线索法 并列与递进关系 and also further moreover what smore either or neither nor notonly butalso firstly secondly thirdly 等 因果关系 so therefore thus hence accordingly consequently asaresult等 转折与让步关系 however nevertheless though yet inspiteof onthecontrary otherwise while ratherthan evenif despite fortunately等 24 逻辑关系线索 并列或递进关系 2012辽宁卷 Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves 75Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou B Dothingstogether C Donotwaittobespokento D Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends 排比句的并列通常是祈使句 25 Ex Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways Second yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest Third note takingoffers 2008宁夏 海南卷 Usewords notcompletesentences Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper First thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember Therearethreepracticalnote takingmethods Second 出现序数词 明显的递进关系 26 Ex 8 ThiscouldbewatchingTVorlisteningtomusic Doingsomeexercisesearlierinthedayshouldhelpyoufeelphysicallyaswellasmentallytired However coffeeorteashouldbeavoidedastheycontaincaffeineandwillkeepyouawake A So what sagoodsleep B Abedtimedrinkcanalsohelp C Havingagoodsleepwillkeepyoulivelythewholeday 27 1 词汇复现法 复现 复现 3 理清问题前后的逻辑关系 1 如果问题在段首 标题 段落句 Conclusion 细节逻辑类 篇章结构类 2 如果问题在段尾 语句 2 词汇同现法 与此词汇最接近的词同一领域的词汇 同义词 近义词 反义词 复现等 主题 结论 概括性 28 七选五阅读理解题的解题步骤 整篇文章的大意 重点分析第一段 有空段的段落大意 找出关键词 七个备选项的关键词 搭配关键词 按照所积累的技巧进行解题 29 实战演习 30 请在10分钟之内 完成资料上的七选五 31 PartI Passage1 UniversitiesinBritainareamagnetforoverseasstudents Therearecurrentlyover200000fromoutsideBritainstudyingatBritishuniversities ThelargestsinglegroupisChinesestudents Therearecurrently50000intheUK UniversitiesintheUKItisverysimpletobecomeaninternationalstudentintheUKScholarshipsinUniversities 标题 段落主题句 32 Passage2 Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain heisimpelled 迫使 bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly thusahabitisformed Onceahabitisformed itisdifficult andsometimesimpossible togetridof Itisveryimportantforustoknowwhyweshouldgetusedtogoodhabits Habits whethergoodorbad aregraduallyformed Whethergoodornothabitsare theyareeasytogetridof 段首 段落主题句 33 Passage3 NowadaysinChina parentscareabouttheirchildren seducationmorethananythingelse Theyspendalotcoaching 训练 theirchildrenintheirstudies Someevenhireteachersfortheirchildren Manyhavetheirchildrensenttoafter classschools Itseemsasifabettereducationisallthatparentsexpectfortheirchildren Skillsandknowledgemeanscompetition Skillsandknowledgedoesn tmeanall 段尾 总结全文 34 PartII Passage1 Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway A Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness B Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood C Onthecontrary ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious arearound Surround 词汇复现 35 Passage2 Theimageincludesthewayyoulook thewayyouact thewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink Interestingly ourself imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutus Alwaysloveyourself Self imageisyourownmind spictureofyourself Don tallowdoubtstooccurinit self images Self image image 词汇复现 36 Passage3 Improvedthinkingabilitieswillhelpthemtounderstandmorebothinacademicsenseandinasanindividual Alwaysloveyourself Thinkingisaskill Creativethinkingtechniquescandevelopchildren smind Thinkingisatool anditissomethingthatcanbesharpened them children 指代关系 37 Passage4 Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails Theyalsoletyoureadpartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest BothtelevisionandtheInternethavemanydisadvantages Otherhigh techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages Newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportan