工厂英文.doc

Practical Factory English TrainingChapter I General glossaryForeword 序言Belgium 比利時Preface 序文 Iceland 冰島Contents 目錄Poland 波蘭Earth 地球Denmark 丹麥Global 全球的Germany 德國Country 國家Russia 俄羅絲Village 村庄France 法國Global village 地球村Finland 芬蘭Developed country 發達國家Netherlands/ Holland 荷蘭Developing country 發展中國家Norway 羅挪威Western 西方Portugal (葡萄牙)Eastern 東方Sweden瑞典Oriental東方的Switzerland 新瑞典Far east 遠東Spain西班牙Asia 堊州Greece 西腊Europe 歐洲Italy 意大利Africa 非洲Australia 澳大利亞Oceania 大洋洲New Zealand 新西蘭North America 北美洲United States of America (USA) 美利堅合眾國South America 南美洲Canada .加拿大Antarctica 南极洲Mexico 墨西哥Arctic ocean 北冰洋Argentina 阿根延Atlantic ocean 大西洋Brazil 巴西Indian ocean 印度洋Peru 秘魯Pacific ocean 太平洋Chile 智利Capital 首都Republic of Korea泰國Major city城會Philippines菲律賓Continental boundary 洲界Kazakhstan哈薩克斯坦International boundary 國界Kuwait利威Railways 鐵路Malaysia馬來西亞Motorway 高速公路Mongolia蒙古Shipping route 航海線Thailand泰國Airport 飛機場 Turkey土耳其Port 碼頭Singapore新加坡World-wide/ throughout the wold 全球Iran伊朗Universal 宇宙Japan日本English 英語India印度Peoples Republic of China 中華人民共和國Israel以色利British 英國Spoken English英語Great British 大英帝國International trade國際 范圍Ireland 愛爾蘭ISO (International Standard Organization)國際標准化組織Austria 亞洲IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission國際電氣工委員會WTO (World Trade Organization)世界貿易組織Attachment; Enclosure附件Business communication業務聯絡W/I; within 在范圍內With same language相同的語言W/O; without在范圍外With same format相同的方式Prepare; preparation作成With same style相同風格Check; checked審查Efficiency效益Approve; approved; approval批准Time is money時間就是金錢Propose; proposal建議Be careful and work hard學習努力Reference (RE)參考Easy work簡易工作PS/ postscript留稿Documentation文件化SUB/ subject主旨Paper work紙張工作Boss老板File文件Chairman of the board董事會主席Import/ export進口/出口CEO/ chief executive officer執行主任Company公司Board of director董事會Jazz Hipster Corporation淇譽公司Director 董事長Chi-Yu Electronics (Shen Zhen) Co., Ltd.淇譽電子(深圳)有限公司General manager總經理Co./ company公司Vice/ deputy president副總Ltd./ limited有限Manager管理Enterprise企業Management管理部Administration管理Chief主任Finance財務Expert 專家Materials材料Consultor 顧問師Purchase/ purchasing採購Supervisor課長PC/ production control生管Section chief課級主管MC/ material control物管Engineer工程師Manufacturing制造Technologist 技術員RD/ Research & Development研發Secretary 秘書ME/ manufacturing engineering制造工程Assistant助理ME/ mechanical engineering技術工程G/L; group leader組長PE/ production engineering生產工程Clerk文員QA/ quality assurance品保Statistician 統計員QC/ quality control品管F/M; foreman領班Marketing視查Relief副領班International prefix國際區號Stock chaser物料員Country code國家代號Inspector檢驗員Area code區號Operator作業員Post code郵政編號(國際用)SPA/ solder pot attendant錫爐保養員Zip code郵政編號(國際用)Repairman修理員Fax in, fax out傳進,傳出Trouble shooter修護員Lady女士Analyzer分析員Gentleman男士,紳士Material handler搬運員Mr./ Mrs./ Ms./ Miss小姐Keeper倉管員ATTN.; attention注意Tester測試員To 給Chapter Purchasing/ business From, FM從Purchasing department採購部CC; Carbon Copy副本Purchaser採購員Distribution文件與分發Material物料,材料Component元件;零件;部件Correspondence函電Purchasing; purchase採購Procurement採購Require; requirement; requisition需求Payment term付款方式PR/ purchase requisition請購單(採購需求表)Guarantee letter保証書PO/ purchasing order訂購單Telephone number電話號碼Capital expenditure requisition 資本支出申請Contract 聯系,聯絡RT/ receiving ticket收据單Feedback回饋Buyer買出MRO/ maintenance/ repair/ operation操作,運作Buying買入Delivery交貨Selling賣出Transfer傳送,傳輸Purchasing management採購管理M/T; mail transfer信傳Supplier公司供應商T/T; telegraphic transfer電傳Contract/ orderOpen account開戶Responsibility and authority權責D/P; document against payment 付款交單Raw material原材料D/R; deposit receipt 存款收據Nonconforming material不合格材料Draft匯票Application申請Drawee/ payer匯款人Part number料號Drawer開匯票人Model name模型號,机型D/A; document against acceptance接收票據Sign簽名Sight L/C; Usance L/C; irrevocable L/C 信用證Signature簽名Credit信用Specification規格Credit card信用卡Price价格Debit card債務卡Unit price單价FOB; free on board離案價Due date期限日期CIF; cost, insurance and freight成本;保險;運費;Shipment date出貨日期C&F ; cost and freight成本和運費Quantity數量C.F&C ; cost, freight and commission成本;運費;傭金Net weight淨重c. i. ; cost and insurance成本和保險Gloss weight毛重B/E; Bill of Exchange兌換單Tare weight皮重C/B; clean bill清單Packing包裝,裝箱Business業務L/T letter of credit信用証SO/ shipping order訂船單Destination目的地Packing list裝箱單Port碼頭Inquiries詢單Certificate of origin產地証Offers報盤Inspection certificate檢驗証書In duplicate一式二份Product appoval成品承認書In triplicate一式三份Establishing trade relations建立貿易關系In quadruplicate一式四份Chamber of commerce商會In quintuplicate一式五份Advertisement廣告In sextuplecate一式六份The Bank of China中國銀行Invoice發票General merchandise通用商品As per; according to依据,依照,根据Line/ ones trade or occupation生意行Discount回扣Trade terms貿易條款Firm offer實盤Samples/ specimen樣品Non-firm offer 虛盤Quotes/ quotations 報價單Shipping mark嘜頭Devaluation貶值Retail price零售單價Revaluation升值Wholesale price批發價Home market price國內市場價CCPIT; China Council for the Promotion of International Trade中國國際貿易促進會International market price國外市場價Principal委託人Favorable price優惠價Agent代理人Prevailing price 當前成交的價格Turnover 成交量Net price淨價Canvass推銷Cardboard carton卡通箱Short-term短期Drawn at sight 見票即付Long-term長期Margin 毛利Market reports市場調查報告Built-in內裝Brisk 興旺Lot/ batch批量Strong強勁Make a counter-offer開盤,報盤Very firm牢固Commodity商品Quiet清淡Reading電文Offset 抵沖Collection托收Consignee 收貨人Advise of Amendment修正通知Slip 傳票Issuing bank發行Tariff稅則Notifying bank通知行CB/ Competent Body認證;測試機構Remittance匯款UL/ Underwriter Laboratory美國安規Endorse承擔費用FCC/ Federal Communication Committee聯邦通訊委員會Expiry 滿期CIS/ Chinese Inspection Standard中國檢驗標準S/C; Sales confirmation銷售確認書JIS/ Japanese Inspection Standard日本檢驗標準Booking space訂艙GB國標Partial shipment分批裝船MITI/ T-mark日本安規Transshipment轉船KEMA 荷蘭安規標準Counter-sign簽約NEMKO挪威安規Sub-contract分報公司FEMKO; SIIShipping documents出貨單AEE 西班牙安規標準Arbitration訴訟UTE 法國安規標準Arbitration clause訴訟條款NSAI 冰島安規標準Arbitration award裁決SEMKO瑞典Claims索賠SEV瑞士Shortage短裝;少裝IMQ意大利Slump 暴跌,蕭條SAA; CSA澳洲,加拿大S. S. ; steam ship汽船GS; VDE; TUVM. V. ; motor ship摩托艇SA ()澳大利亞安規標準Insurance policy保險單OVE ()奧地利安規標準Discharge卸貨CEBEC ()比利時安規標準F.P.A. free of particular average 平安險CEW. A. with average 水漬險BS/ British Standard; ASTAW. R. war risk 戰爭險Chapter Finance/ accountInsurance rate 保險利潤Finance department財務部Force Majeure不可抗拒的力亮FIN; finance; financial財務 Fiscal; fiscal year財政,財政年段Booker keeper 薄計員Balance sheet負債平衡表Ledger clerk 記帳員Accounting會計Cashier出鈉員Business administration 工商管理Petty cash零用金Mordent business現代貿易Break even point (損益平衡點)損益平衡表Budget預算Preferred stock優先股票Measure 核算Common stock一般股票Integrate合并Real estate 不動產Classification分類,歸類Idle funds 閒置資產Financial policy財務制度Interest利息Financial officer會計主管Stock Holder股票持有人Yardstick 衡量標準Additional capital增加資本Asset 資產Conversion 兌換Liability 負債Debt債務Owners equity 股東權益Extension展期延期(分機)Discount回扣Expense花費、費用Commission佣金Labor cost勞動成本Balance余額DL; direct labor直接員工Sheet報表,表單IDL; indirect labor間接員工Spread sheet (展開表)展開表Profit margin利潤Cost成本Net profit淨利、純利Account核算Net loss淨損失Cost accounting成本會計Gross profit毛利Master budget總預算Sales revenue銷售額Production budget生產預算Check book支票薄Accountant會計員Practice (事務所)事務所License執照,證書Income收入Statement財務報表Economic Entity經濟實体Economic condition經濟條件,經濟狀況Salary薪水Stock股票Wage工資Tax稅收Earnings全部收入Reserve 訂購Operation營運Input投入Owner擁有者Output產出Banker銀行家Current asset 流動資產Creditor 債權人C/A ; current account往來帳戶Agency代理Current ration現行比率Negotiation談判Capital account資本帳戶Cash position現金狀況LIFO; last-in-first-out后進先出Operating results營運結果FIFO; first-in-first-out先進先出Accounting system會計制度Loan貸款Turn-over rate周轉率Bond; debenture債券Inventory turnover rate庫存周轉率Investment投資Patent right專利Project項目Principle原則,規則Obligation義務Resource資源Insurance保險Withdrawal徹回Long-term長期Residual剩余Short-term短期NR/Notes receivable 應收票據AR/ accounts receivable應收帳款Face amount面值NP/ notes payable應付票據Write off注銷,撤收AP/ account payable應付帳Go out of business破產Priority優先權Recoveries of bad debts 壞帳收回Accounting equation會計工程師Fluctuate波動Property遺產、財產Constant恆定的,永恆的Transaction交易、事務Cost flow資本流動Income statement收表Goods flow貨物流動Performance責效(表演)Weighted average加權平均Annual年度的Take into account納入統計Estate broker 地產經紀人The end of the period期末Securities 證券Overstocking存貨過多Interest earned利息收入Out of stock存貨不足,存貨斷檔Slack season淡季Advanced accounting courses高級會計課程Merchant商人The balance remaining on hand結存Ledger 分類帳Ending inventory 期末存貨Journal日記帳Beginning inventory期初存貨Cash Disbursement (支出)現金支出Residual valve剩余Cash receipts現金收集據Percentage百分之几Deduct扣款、扣除Fraction分數Invoice Register 發票本、發票薄Accumulated depreciation累計折舊Double-entry复式記帳To be consistent with相一致Single-entry單式記帳Tax burden稅收General ledger總分類帳Income tax return納稅審請表Accounting cycle會計循環Inflated 通貨膨脹的Sequence次序、順序Charge費用Drawing accounts 提款帳戶Bank loan銀行貸款Expenditure支出,開支Assess評估,評鑑Postage郵費Accounting principles會計原則Stamp蓋戳,郵戳Waste paper basket廢紙Signature簽名Financial Accounting Standards board (FASB)財務會計標准委員會Reimbursement 報銷; 退款Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)証券交易委員會NSF/ not sufficient funds無用資金,無效資金American Accounting Association美國會計協會Notification of collection收兌通知Provision條款,條件Cash on hand 庫存現金Commitment許諾,承諾Trustee收托Lawsuit 訴訟Installment plan分期付款Indefinite 無限期的Worthless無价值Provisions of leases 租賃條款Allowance預備金Purchases commitments訂單,購買合同Liquid流動Bank statements 銀行對帳單Past-due過期Physical counts實物盤點Credit department信用部門Measuring unit量測(計量)單位On credit/account賒款Account balance賬戶余額Cash equivalents現金平衡Bill of sale銷貨賬單Pension 津貼Administrative expense管理費用Legal capital合法資本Trademark商標Lender債主Copyrights版權Present value現值Goodwill 商譽Semiannual interest半年利息RMB人民幣Contract interest rate合同利息USD美元(美金)Nominal interest rate標定利息HKD港幣Market interest rate市場利息NTB新台幣Effective interest rate有效利息Taxes payable應付稅Subsidiary 子公司Individual income tax個人所得稅Parent company總公司Customs duties關稅Securities exchanges証券交易 Operation tax營業稅Brokerage houses 經紀行Sales tax銷售稅Marketable debt securities 有价債務性証券Investors equities 投資人權益Marketable equity securities有价債權性証券Premium on capital 資本溢價Takeover 吞併Reserve fund儲存基金Single economic unit單獨的經濟實体Undistributed profits不可分配的利潤Single legal entity單獨的法律實体Cost of production生產成本Fair展銷會,貿易會Manufacturing expenses制造費用Privilege 特權,优惠權Depreciation 折舊費Original cost原始(初始)成本Environment protection環境保護費Variable cost變動成本Local sales內銷Fixed cost固定成本Loading and unloading expense裝卸費用Fixed asset固定資產Selling expenses銷售費Breakeven chart損益平衡圖Handing charges搬運費Loan applications貸款申請書Public relationship charge公共費用Cost accounting system成本會計制度Technology transfer charge技術轉証費Financial goals and standards財務目標及標准Exchange loss兌換損失Master budget總預算Non-operating expenses 營業外支Financial forecast財務預算Donations 損款Actual cost實際成本Extraordinary losses特別損失Favorable cost variances有益成本變動Retirement fund退休基金Unfavorable cost variances無益成本變動Current year profit現年利潤Material purchased物料採購Enterprise expansion fund企業發展(開發)基金Auxiliary material輔助材料Investment returned投資輸入Packing material包裝材料Accrued expenses 預提費用Cost variances of materials物料成本變動Buildings & structures房戶建築費Machinery & equipment机器設備費用Transportation facilities運輸設備費用Office equipment辦公設備Construction material建築材料Chapter QualityCharacteristic Diagram制性要因Quality department品質部Check list查核表IQC/ incoming quality control進料品質管制Histogram直方圖QA/ quality assurance品保Control chart管制圖散布圖QE/ quality engineering品質工程Scatter Diagram散布圖QC/ quality control品管PDCA/ PlanDoCheckAction計划執行檢查動作IPQC/ in-process quality control制程品質管制SDCA/ StandardDoCheckAction標准執行檢查動作OQA/ outgoing quality assurance出貨品質保証AQL/ acceptable quality level允收標准SQA/ supplier quality assurance供應商品質保証5W/1H/ When; Who; Where; Why; What; How時間;誰; 哪里; 為什么; 怎麼做ISO9000/ International Standard Organization國際標准組織4M/ Manpower; Machine; Material; MethodQS9000/ Quality System品質系統5S/ 1. Japanese:Internal quality audit內部品質稽核Seiri; Seition; Seiso; Seiketsu; ShitukeFirst party audit第一方稽核(自已公司) 2. English:Second party audit第二方稽核(客戶)Sort; Straighten; Scrub; systematize; standardizeThird party audit第三方(承証机構)Check gembutus檢查現場MRB/ Material review board物料審查會Conformance符合;合格MRP/ Material requisition procedure 物料需求程序Cross-functional management跨功能管理Reliability test信賴性試驗Cycle time周期Life test壽命試驗TQM/ total quality management全面品質管制MTBF/ mean time between failures老死試驗Suggestion system翻案系統Heat-resistance test耐熱試驗Pull production拉力生產Cold-resistance test耐寒試驗Push production推動式生產Humidity-resistance test耐濕試驗QCD/ Quality; cost; delivery品質;成本,交期Appearance check外觀檢查QCDMS/ Quality; cost; delivery; moral; safetyInside construction check內部構造檢查QFD/ quality function deployment品質功能開發(展)Electrical test電气測試QCC/ quality control cycle品管圈Hi-pot test高壓測試Standardization標准化Drop test落地測試TQC/ total quality control全面品質管制Temperature-rising test溫升測試Instability不穩定性Vibration test振動試驗Unreasonably不明原因Aging test時效測試Total inspection全檢Impact test衝擊測試Sampling inspection抽樣檢驗Scratch test刮傷測試Visual inspection目視檢驗Environment test環境試驗MIL-STD/ Military Standard軍用標准Sound performance test听音測試Defect; defective rate不良,不良率Load stability test負荷安定度Fall-off rate失效率Unload stability test無負荷安定度First through rate直通率Corrosion-resistance test耐腐蝕測試Yield rate產 率QC Operation modes (7)QC作業方法PPM/ parts per million百萬分一Stratification層別法Percentage百分比Pareto chart柏拉圖Zero defect 零缺點Water-fall chart瀑布圖ARL/ acceptable reliability level允收信賴性水准STD/ standard標准Accidental error偶然誤差Spec./ specification規格Corrective action改善行動QM/ quality manual品質手冊Preventive action預防行動QP/ quality procedure品質程序書Actual value實際值Criteria規范Nominal value標准值Character特性Age at death死期(老死時間)Feature特點;屬性Age at failure失效時間Cosmetic; finishing化妝Amount of inspection檢驗次數Dust灰塵Failure analysis失效分析Dirty髒Approximate number合适數量Oil mark油污ASN/ average sample number平均樣品數Broken破損;破裂Average sampling平均抽樣Accept接收Bad lot不良批量Return; reject璫貨,判退Downward bias抽下偏移Dead死机Calibration校驗Tear; wear撕;磨損Category種類Master/ slave主机,副机Random cause隨机原因Function test功能測試Special cause特殊原因Shipping test裝船測試Substantial cause本質原因ESP/ electrical statistics potential靜電壓Unavoidable cause不可避免的原因Current leakage漏電Certification認証Symptom症狀;符號Number of defectives不良數Too loose/ tight太松/太緊Classification of defectives不良品歸類Come off脫落Clearance問隙Poor assembly組裝不良Coefficient of reliability 信賴性系數Scratch刮傷Coefficient of variation變異指數Foreign material異物Concession特採Sink mark; shrinkage 縮水;縮水痕Constant error永久性錯誤Glitter mark 亮斑Contract review合約審查Discrepancy色差Control lower limit管制下限Color difference色差Control upper limit管制上限Deformation變形Control of nonconforming material/ product不良品管制Grill crochetZero correlation零關系Missing bar code漏貼條碼貼紙Coefficient correlation關系指數No sound無聲Critical defect致命缺陷Noise雜音Major defect主要缺陷Out of control失控Minor defect次要缺陷Cross-talk串音Customer complaint客戶投訴Hum交流聲Customer satisfaction客戶滿意度Sound discontinuous斷音Customer requirement客戶要求Poor connection接觸不良Inspection data檢驗數据Channel difference聲道差異Degree of accuracy精度Residual noise殘留噪音Delivery quality出貨品質Test condition測試條件Average deviation平均偏差Statistical統計Dimension尺寸Normal distribution正常分布Quality system品質制度(系統)Document approval and issue文件批準與發出Product approval process產品承認(確認)程序Final product成品Continuous improvement持續改善Fatigue life 疲勞壽命Contract review合約審查Failure reporting失效報告Amendment to a contract合約修改Field work現場工作Design control設計管制Frequency頻率Document and data control文件與資料管制Block gage塊規Control of customer-s