外文翻译基于RFID技术的卷烟分拣系统的设计.docx

附录 b 参考英文文献design of a cigarette sorting system based on rfid technologyleizhang, weixing su, kunyuan hu, lianbo ma key laboratory of industrial informatics shenyang institute of automation, chinese academy of sciences shenyang 110016, china abstractthis paper presents a design method to solve the problems of high failure rate and sorting inefficience in the current cigarette sorting system by integrating rfid technology with can bus. based on the features of high speed of data transmission, real-time and high reliability, can bus intelligent node is designed. rfid technology enhances the speed and efficiency of cigarette identification. meanwhile, using the lcd touch-screen and mcgs configuration software, the hmi operation is promoted and the visualization of monitoring processing can also be accomplished.keywords rfid; can bus; configuration software; avr mcu i.introductionthe cigarette sorting system is the core of the logistics and distribution. every modern logistics distribution center depends on the sorting technology and its method. constructing an advanced sorting system with effective throughput can not only save tens, hundreds or even tens of millions of cost, but also improve efficiency, significantly reducing the labor intensity of the workers.traditional cigarette sorting system collects data by barcode with a low-cost, easy to read and reproduce. however, the bar code and optical scanning are easily affected by dust, oil and other pollutions in the sorting field, and traditional data transmission of sorting system is use of rs485 bus with the advantage of multi-node support, far distance and highly receiving sensitivity. rs485 bus constitutes the network of single master. the equipment mutual communication can be achieved by the master node. thus there are the lower throughput, poor real-time and highly difficulties of communications between slaver nodes. in our work, we introduce rfid technology to replace bar code identification. rfid system is not influenced by dust, humidity, oil, coolant, mining and toxic gases in the production environment. compared with bar code identification, rfid is a contactless technology that allows objects to be scanned and identified without visual or physical . more importantly, the tag data is not only read by rfid readers, but also can be written time and again. currently the cost of rfid tag is gradually reduced, and the tag which ties up with the cigarette box can be reused. it further reduces the cost of system. furthermore, the traditional rs485 bus is replaced by high-speed can bus which provides a multi-master hierarchy, broadcast communication, sophisticated error detecting mechanisms and re-transmission of faulty messages . these feathers allow building intelligent and redundant systems ,which guarantee data integrity and real-time data transmission.with the deployment of rfid middleware and erp/scm software platform, the ultimate goal of integration of the tobacco supply chain logistics enterprise system will be achieved.ii. system architecture designthere are 50 sorting positions in our system. as a distribution unit, each position corresponds to a cigarette brand. the rf tag is attached to a tray, which has a unique id to descript some information of cigarette in details. when the tray moves to a sorting position, rf antenna reads rf tags and collects information to display on lcd. the worker then supplies the cigarettes under the guidance of lcd.the system is composed of the upper machine and lower machine. in upper machine system, mcgs configuration software configures the canbus devices, rfid readers and plc etc. mcgs is a kind of general software for industrial process control and real-time monitoring service, characterized by improved functions, easy to operate and good . rfid readers retrieve the information from the rf tag by antenna array near the conveyer. rfid middleware/driver completes the data processing and sends data to mcgs monitoring platform. zlg_pci9810 intelligent can card with standard pci interface, implementing can2.0b protocol, establishes the connections with mcgs configuration software by zopc_server (based on can-bus general opc server. zopc_server is a kind of opc server that supports all kinds of zlg can cards. any client (e.g. kingview, mcgs, intouch, etc ) that supports opc protocol can connect zopc_server. it is a bridge that implements the data transmission between can card and configuration software.lower machine system is constituted of can intelligent nodes and lcd touch screens. can intelligent nodes receive the tag data from can bus and display it on lcd. the workers check against and send commands by touching lcd screen. system architecture is shown in fig.1.figure 1 system architectureiii design of softwarea. communication protocolthe can specification consists of two parts, can 2.0aand can2.0b. stand-alone can controller sja1000 supports both protocols. can2.0b provides more powerful error handling capabilities, enhanced acceptance filter and flexible handling of data package. can2.0b includes two different frames: standard frame and extended. the former is defined by 11 identifier bits and the latter is defined by 29 identifier bits. extended frame is 2 bytes more than standard frame, so it will advantage the flexibility of protocol, reliability as well as expansion.as data needs to be sent from the corresponding antenna to the corresponding work position, the allocation of 29 identifier bits is most important. identifier can only identify the network equipment and its location in the can bus.on the requirements of our communication, we design the protocol below, and each node in the can bus transmits information according to the protocol. the protocol is defined as “id + commands + data”. id is the identifier of the network nodes, defined as id18-id0 (19 bits). id28 is for direction (dir), id27-id24 identifies rfid readers, id23-id22 identifies antenna, id21-id19 identifies data type.id28-id19 doesnt participate in the acceptance filter. data indicates the specific content of communications. the frame format of protocol is shown in table 1.table i. the frame format of communication protocolsid28id27-id24id23-id22id21-id19id18-id0rtrdir rfidreaderantennadatatypeaddress0(dataframe)dlc3dlc2dlc1dlc0datalengthdata7 data6data5data4data3data2data1data0dataframe(8bytes) dir: dir decides a half of message priority during bus access, and the remaining priority is defined by nodes address. the lower address has higher priority. when dir is “1”, address field is target node address (from master to slaver); when dir is “0”, address field is source node address (from slaver to master). rfid reader/ antenna: each sense1824 reader equips 4 antennas. there are about 13 readers in our system. so 4 bits is used to identify rfid readers and 2 bits is used to identify antennas.data type: the format of data type is shown in table 2 .table 2. functional definition of data typebit 2bit 1bit 0description001name of cigarette010number of cigarette011distributing destination100request retransmission when an error occurred (slaver node)111finished signatureaddress: id18-id0 participates in the acceptance filter, which identifies 50 working positions.dlc: data length (1-8).data: the contents of packages.b. development of rfid readers drivermcgs implements the device driver by active dll, integrating with the standard ole interface. because the device driver and mcgs are running in the same process, the device module achieves the good running and higher reliability, and avoids sluggish data flow and transmission by dde (dynamic data exchange). meanwhile, ole is an expandable standard for achieving interoperability, regardless of what programming language is. therefore, so long as it compliances with the standard of mcgs interface, vb, vc, delphi, etc. can implement mcgs device driver.mcgs divides the actual equipment into 3 parts: independent equipment, father equipment and son equipment. independent equipment works independently and accomplishes specific data i/o functions; father equipment itself doesnt handle data i/o, but manages other equipment, such as serial equipment, idcn-893 communication card, etc; son equipment has the function of handling data i/o, but works depending on corresponding father equipment . rfid reader, sense-1824, as a son equipment, communicates with mcgs configuration software through the serial communication father equipment.our main work focuses on the operating the serial port when developing the rfid reader driver. mcgs encapsules the complex serial port setup, initialization and operation of reading/writing into the serial communication father equipment, therefore, we can evoke standard serial functions provided by father equipment to develop the son equipment driver.the flow chat that rfid reader collects more tags data is given in fig. 2.the api functions are described as follows: scsantennareceive：select a receiving antenna. scsantennatransmit：select a sending antenna. saharaliststart：start the reading tag process.saharalistreport：get tags data from readers. saharalistend ：end the read tag process and turnmicrowave power off.figure 2 rfid reader flow chatc. the interface of upper machine softwareupper machine software has been implemented by mcgs 5.5, visual basic 6.0 and sql server2000. the interface of upper machine software is shown in fig. 3. it consists of equipment driver module, data access module, data analysis and processing module, front monitor module and database module. mcgs configuration software manages hardware, schedule processing and also controls the data stream. depending on the abundant resources of mcgs, some complex functions, such as statistics, reports and phonic warning, etc. can be easily achieved.figure 3 the interface of upper machine softwareiv. hardware design of can intelligent nodeatmega128 from atmel company is adopted as mcu. sja1000, p82c250 constitute the can communication interface. stand-alone can controller sja1000 has two kinds of mode: basic can and. p82c250 is a kind of can bus transceiver, with as low as 5kbps to work to meet the requirements of long distant transmission. the hardware design of node is shown in fig. 4.figure 4 hardware design of can intelligent noderfid antenna array is employed in the field environment. therefore, there are s7rong electromagnetic interferences. to enhance the anti-jamming of can bus, the pin tx0 and rx0 connect the p82c250 through the high-speed optical couplers 6n137. in this way, electrical isolation between nodes can be achieved. it improves the stability and security of the node at a low risk to increase the complexity. yd-811arm color display, built-in vector fonts, lattice fonts and standard instructions sets, connects the mcu by parallel ports. using command sets avoids the cumbersome lattice operation. four-line touching screen communicates the can node by rs232.v. conclusionthis paper presents a new design strategy of cigarette sorting system with large data throughput, strong anti-interference and tolerant capability by combining rfid technology with can bus. with the function of monitoring and error diagnosis of mcgs, it makes configuration more flexibleand easy to maintain. through the use of lcd touch screen, it simples the operation processes and enhances sorting efficiency and accuracy. experiments show the design is satisfied with the sorting accuracy requirements and the real-time performance.acknowledgmentthis work is supported by foundations of national “863” high technology project of china(no.2006aa04a117,no.2006aa04a124).references1 zhuang, y., gui, x., wang, b., ba, y. analysis and designing of the supply chain system of the tebacco sales enterprises, journal of kunming university of science and technology (science and technology), 29(03)(2004)114-118.2 fan, h. comparing the application of bus rs485 with that of bus can, journal of shanghai dianji university, 8(05)(2005)54-56.3 you, z. the layout and implement of rfid technology, beijing: electronics press, 2005.4 wu, k. can bus principles and design of applications, beijing: beijing university of aeronautics and astronautics press, 1996.5 liu, j. a new control software mcgs and its application, new technologies and processes, 06(2000)10-11.6 fu, c., duan, j. the research of opc server and its realization in the can fieldbus, control&automation, (11)(2003).7 can specification version 2.0, robert bosch, 1991.8 yang, y. design of driver for serial communication in net formed by intellectual flow totalizers based on mcgs, instrument technique and sensor, (9)(2004).9 sja1000 stand_alone can controller., philips data sheet, 2000.附录c 英文参考文献（翻译）基于rfid技术的卷烟分拣系统的设计张磊，苏卫星，胡坤元，马连播工业信息重点实验室沈阳自动化研究所，中国科学院沈阳110016，中国摘要本文介绍的设计方法解决了基于结合了can智能节点设计的rfid技术的卷烟分拣系统的高失败率和排序无效的问题。基于高速数据的特点传输，实时性和高可靠性对can总线智能节点进行了设计。 rfid技术提高了卷烟鉴定的速度和效率。同时通过使用液晶触摸屏和mcgs组态软件，人机界面操作得以在可视化的监控处理下快速完成。关键词 rfid;can bus; 组态软件; avr单片机一、导言卷烟分拣系统是物流配送的核心。每一个现代物流配送中心分拣技术依赖于它的方法。构建一个有效吞吐量先进的分拣系统不仅可以节省几十，几百甚至上千万的成本，而且可以提高效率，大大降低了工人的劳动强度。传统的卷烟分拣系统通过条形码收集的低成本代码数据，便于阅读和复制。然而，条形码和光学扫描很容易被灰尘、油污和其他污染的排序字段影响，而且传统的数据传输是利用分拣系统的rs485总线的多节点支持获得距离远和高接收灵敏度的优势的。rs485总线构成的单一主机的网络。该设备可以实现相互沟通的主节点。因此，在渴望得到通信的节点之间出现了较低的吞吐量，实时性差，时间和高度的通信困难等问题。在本文中，我们介绍了rfid技术以取代条码识别。rfid系统在工作花镜中是不会受没有防尘，防潮油，冷却液等防护措施和有毒气体的影响的。与条形码识别相比，rfid是一种非接触式技术，允许对象进行扫描，并没有视觉或身体接确定。更重要的是，标签数据不仅rfid阅读器读取，也可以写一次又一次。目前rfid标签的成本逐渐降低，标签，它绑在香烟盒可重复使用。它进一步降低了系统成本。此外，取代传统的rs485总线的是提供了一个多层次的，广播通讯的，拥有精密的错误检测机制，并可以重新传输错误信息的高速can总线。这些进一步的措施使智能化的、保证数据的完整性和实时数据传输的冗余系统的构建得以实现。随着rfid中间件和erp / scm软件平台的部署，在烟草供应链的物流企业系统整合的最终目标将得以实现。二、系统构架设计在我们的系统中有50个分类位置。作为经销单位，每个位置对应一个香烟品牌。该射频标签附加到一个托盘，它有一个唯一的id来描述一些卷烟的细节信息。当托盘位置移动到一个设定的位置时射频天线读取射频标签，并收集资料，显示在液晶显示屏上。然后工人根据这些指示信息对香烟进行相关操作。该系统由上位机系统和下位机系统构成。在上位机系统，mcgs组态软件配置的电控系统设备，rfid读取器和plc等mcgs组态软件是为工业过程控制和实时监控服务的。mcgs是一种操作更加方便和具有良好的可视化的通用软。rfid读写器检索来自附近的天线阵列输送机射频标签的信息。rfid中间件/驱动程序完成数据处理和数据发送到mcgs的监控平台。配置有标准pci接口的zlg_pci9810智能can卡借助can2.0b协议，建立与基于mcgs组态软件的zopc_server（基于can总线的opc服务器的一般计算的连接。zopc_server是一种支持所有can卡的opc服务器。任何客户端（如kingview，mcgs，intouch，等等）只要支持opc协议即可连接zopc_server。它是一座桥，它实现了can卡之间的数据传输和配置软件。下位机系统由can智能节点和液晶触摸屏组成。can智能节点的can总线接收来自标签的数据并显示在lcd上它。工人核对和发送通过触摸液晶屏的命令。系统架构如图1所示。1.图1 系统架构三、软件设计a.通讯协议can规范由两部分组成，can2.0a和can2.0b。独立can控制器sja1000支持这两种协议。can2.0b通过增强接收过滤器和灵活的数据包处理来提供更强大的错误处理功能。can2.0b包括两个不同的框架：标准帧和扩展。前者是指由11位标识符，而后者则是由29位定义的标识符。扩展帧为2个字节，比标准帧要高，因此它将在协议灵活性，可靠性以及扩充方面更具优势。当数据需要从相应的天线发送到相应的工作岗位，29位标识符的分配是最重要的。标识符只能识别网络设备和它在can总线上的位置。根据我国通信的要求，我们设计了以下协议，并根据该议定书为can总线上的每个节点的传输信息。该协议被定义为“身份证+命令+数据”。id是标识的网络节点，定义为id18- id0（19位）。id28为方向（dir），id27- id24识别rfid读写器，id23- id22识别天线，id21- id19标识数据type.id28- id19不参加验收滤波器。数据显示了通信的具体内容。该协议的帧格式见表1表一 通信协议的帧格式id28id27-id24id23-id22id21-id19id18-id0rtrdir rfidreaderantennadatatypeaddress0(dataframe)dlc3dlc2dlc1dlc0datalengthdata7 data6data5data4data3data2data1data0dataframe(8bytes)dir：dir决定在总线访问的消息优先级的一半，剩下的优先权由节点地址定义。低地址的优先级更高。当dir是“1”，地址字段是目标节点地址（从主机到客户端），当dir是“0”，地址字段是源节点的地址（从客户端到主机）。rfid阅读器/天线：每个sense1824阅读器装备4根天线。在我们的系统的大约有13个阅读器。因此，4位是用来识别rfid读写器和2位是用来识别天线。数据类型：数据类型的格式显示在表二。表二 定义的数据类型第2位第1位第0位说明001卷烟名称010卷烟数量011发送目的地100当发生错误时重传请求111成品签名地址：id18- id0参加了验收滤波器，其中确定50个工作职位。dlc:数据长度（1-8）。数据：包的内容。b.rfid阅读器的驱动程序开发mcgs组态软件实现了active dll的设备驱动程序，并与标准的ole接口集成。因为设备驱动程序与mcgs在同一进程中运行，设备模块实现了良好的运行和较高的可靠性，避免呆滞的数据流和利用dde（动态数据交换）的传输。同时，ole是一个实现互操作性、无论什么编程语言是可扩展的标准。因此，只要遵从mcgs，vb中，vc，delphi等标准i就可以实现mcgs的设备驱动程序。mcgs的分成3部分实际设备：独立的设备，父设备和子的设备。独立设备独立工作