闭锅炉环三冲量调节系统控

闭锅炉环三冲量调节系统控锅炉控制系统，一般有蒸汽压力、汽包液位、炉膛负压、除氧器水位、除氧器压力等控制系统。锅炉的燃烧控制实质上是能量平衡系统，它以蒸汽压力作为能量平衡指标，不断根据用汽量和压力的变化调整燃料量和送风量，同时保证燃料的充分燃烧及热量的充分利用。锅炉微机控制系统，一般由以下几部分组成，即由一次仪表、现场机、上位机、手自动切换操作、执行机构及阀、电机等部分组成，一次仪表将锅炉的温度、压力、流量、氧量、转速等量转换成电压、电流等送入微机。Boiler control system, generally have a steam pressure, steam drum level, hearth negative pressure, water level of deaerator, deaerator pressure control system, etc. Boiler combustion control is essentially the energy balance system, it with steam pressure as indicators of energy balance, and constantly adjusted to YongQiLiang and pressure changes in the fuel quantity and delivery, at the same time to ensure full combustion of fuel and make full use of heat. Boiler microcomputer control system generally consists of several parts, by an instrument, namely the machine, the upper machine, hand automatic switching operation, actuator and valve, motor parts, such as an instrument of boiler temperature, pressure, flow rate, rotating speed of oxygen, amount converted to voltage, current, etc into the computer. 微机控制系统由工控机、显示器、打印机、手操器、报警装置等组成，能完成对给水、给煤、鼓风、引风等进行自动控制，使锅炉的汽包水位、蒸汽压力保持在规定的数值上，以保证锅炉的安全运行，平稳操作，达到降低煤耗、提高供送汽质量的目的，同时对运行参数如压力、温度等有流程动态模拟图画面并配有数字说明，还可对汽包水位、压力、炉温等进行越限报警，发出声光信号，还可定时打印出十几种运行参数的数据。微机对整个锅炉的运行进行监测、报警、控制以保证锅炉正常、可靠地运行，除此以外为保证锅炉运行的安全，在进行微机系统设计时，对锅炉水位、锅炉汽包压力等重要参数应设置常规仪表及报警装置，以保证水位和汽包压力有双重甚至三重报警装置，以免锅炉发生重大事故。 Microcomputer control system consists of industrial computer, monitor, printer, hand-operated device, alarm device, etc, can be done to feed water, coal, air blast, automatic control, such as wind, keep the boiler steam drum water level, steam pressure on the specified value, to ensure the safe operation of boiler, smooth operation, to reduce coal consumption, improve the quality of steam for the purpose of, at the same time of operation parameters such as pressure, temperature, flow dynamic simulation graph pictures with Numbers, but also to the steam drum water level, pressure, temperature and so on limit alarm, signal light, also can print out a dozen operation parameters data regularly. Microcomputer for the whole boiler operation monitoring, alarm and control to ensure the normal and reliable operation, in addition to ensure the safety of the boiler, the design of microcomputer system, the boiler water level, for the conventional boiler steam drum pressure, and other important parameters should be set and alarm device, to ensure the water level of steam drum pressure and have double or even triple alarm device, avoid major accident of boiler. 给水自动调节的任务是使给水流量适应锅炉的蒸发量，以维持汽包水位在允许的范围内。给水自动调节的另一个任务是保持给水稳定。在整个控制回路中要全面考虑这两方面的任务。在控制回路中被调参数是汽包水位，调节机构是给水调解阀，调节量是给水流量。 对汽包水位调节系统产生扰动的因素有蒸发量、炉膛热负荷（燃料量），给水量。Automatic feed water regulating tasks is the capacity to adapt to the boiler feed water flow, in order to maintain steam drum water level in the allowed range. Automatic feed water adjust another task is to keep a steady water supply. In the control loop should fully consider these two aspects of the task. Was tuning parameters in the control loop is the steam drum water level, regulating mechanism is feed water regulator valve, adjust quantity of feed water flow. Factors of steam drum water level control system to produce disturbance evaporation, furnace heat load (fuel), to water. 锅炉给水系统中还有一个比较重要的控制回路是给水压力回路，因为汽包内压力较高，要给锅炉补水必须提供更高的压力，给水压力回路的作用是提高水压，使水能够正常注入汽包。但在蒸汽流量未达到满负荷时，对给水流量的要求也不高。在老式的锅炉系统中一般采用给水泵一直以工频方式运转，用回流阀降低水压防止爆管，现在一般采用通过变频器恒压供水的方式控制水压，具体实现方式是：由于给水调节对象没有自平衡能力，又存在滞后。因此土工布厂家在一般锅炉控制系统中汽包液位回路采用闭环三冲量调节系统。所谓三冲量调节系统就是把给水流量，汽包水位，蒸汽流量三个变量通过运算后调节给水阀的调节系统。Boiler feed water system, there is a relatively important in the control loop is feed pressure loop, because of the pressure in the steam drum is higher, higher pressure for boiler water inlet must be provided, the role of the feed water pressure loop is to improve the water pressure, make water is injected steam drum properly. But in steam flow rate has not reached full capacity, the demand for feed water flow rate is not high also. In old boiler feed water pump has been commonly used in power frequency in the system operation, with the return valve to reduce hydraulic pressure to prevent the tube, now commonly used by inverter constant pressure water supply control water pressure, concrete realization way is: because of the feed water regulating objects have no self balancing ability, again there is a lag. So in general boiler drum level loop in the control system adopts the closed loop three impulse control system. So-called three impulse control system is to feed water flow, steam drum water level, steam flow regulation after three variables through operations feed valve control system. 除此之外锅炉的供水系统中还包括除氧器压力控制和除氧器水位控制，除氧器压力控制主要是为了保证除氧器口有足够的蒸汽压力用于将果树苗软化水除氧，这是一个单闭环控制回路，输入参数是除氧器压力输出参数控制除氧器进汽阀。除氧器水位控制主要是为了保证除氧器内有足够的水提供给锅炉，这是一个单闭环控制回路输入参数，是除氧器水位输出参数控制除氧器进水阀。In addition to the boiler water supply system includes deaerator pressure control and the deaerator water level control, deaerator pressure control is mainly in order to keep the deaerator mouth enough steam pressure is used to soften water deoxidization, this is a single closed loop control circuit, the input parameter is the deaerator pressure control output parameter deaerator inlet steam valves. Deaerator water level control is to guarantee the deaerator with plenty of water for boiler, it is a single closed loop control circuit input parameters, is the water level of deaerator output parameter control of deaerator water inlet valve. 系统下达指令由变频器自动启动第一台泵运行，系统检测给水管的水压，当变频器频率上升到工频时，如水压未达到设定的压力值，系统自动将第一台电机切换至工频直供电，并由变频器拖动第二台水泵运行，如变频器运行到工频状态时供水母管压力仍未达到设定压力值系统自动将第二台水泵切换至工频直供电，再由变频器拖动第三台运行，依次类推，直至压力达到设定值。若锅炉需要的给水量减少，变频控制系统可自动降低变频器的运行频率，如变频器的频率到零仍不能满足要求，则变频器自动切换至前一台水泵进行变频运行，依次类推。变频恒压供水控制系统的实质是：始终利用一台变频器自动调整水泵的转速，切换时间以管网的实际压力和设定压力的差值决定，同时保证管网的压力动态恒定。值得注意的是为了防止变频器报警停机或其他故障造成水泵不转会引起锅炉缺水，所以应该加反馈装置确保变频器正常工作。 Ordered by frequency converter system automatically start the first pump operation, system testing for water pipe water pressure, when the inverter frequency rose to power frequency, the water pressure did not reach the set pressure value, the system automatically will switch to the first motor straight power supply, power frequency and the frequency converter drag the second pump running, such as frequency converter running to work frequency state mother pipe of water supply pressure has still not reached set value, the system automatically second pumps will switch to straight power supply, power frequency by frequency converter drag a third run again, so on, until the pressure set point. If water boiler need to reduce, frequency conversion control system can automatically reduce the operating frequen