bp辩论.ppt

bp generalformatandrules worlduniversitiesdebatingchampionships themt everestofdebating world sstyle orbritishparliamentarystyle bp thereare4teamscompetingineachdebate 2teamsonthegovernmentside and2teamsontheopposition themotiontobedebatedandthepositionsisreleasedonly15minutesbeforethestartofthedebatedebatersmaystandupandask pointsofinformation or pois duringthespeechofadebateronanopposingteameachspeakermayspeakfor7minutes includingthetimetakentoreceiveandanswerpoisfromopposingteams teams 4teams twogovernmentandtwoopposition eachteamhastwospeakersgovernmentbench openinggovernment primeminister deputyprimeminister closinggovernment memberofgovernment governmentwhip oppositionbench openingopposition leaderofopposition deputyleaderofopposition closingopposition memberofopposition oppositionwhip howdoesitworkwith4teams eachteamisseparate andiscompetingagainsttheotherthree eachteam oftwodebaters preparesseparately andisnotallowedtotalktoanyoftheotherthreeteamsduringpreparation attheendofthedebate theadjudicatorswillranktheteamsfrom1stthroughto4th thetwoteamsonthegovernmentbenchwillsupportthemotion andthetwoteamsontheoppositionbenchmustopposethemotion however whilethetwoteamsoneachbenchareonthesameside theyhavetohavedifferentreasonsforsupporting opposingthemotion soforexample fortheclosinggovernmenttocome1stinthedebate theymustshowtwothings 1 thatthemotionshouldstand and 2 thatthenewperspective extension andnewreasonstheygaveforthemotiontostandaremoreimportantormoreconvincingthanthereasonsgivenbytheopeninggovernment whyarethere4teamsinabpdebate thisiswhyit scalled britishparliamentarystyle debating ofteninthebritishparliament governmentisformedbyacoalitionoftwoparties here sanexampleofhowitworks imagineifafteranelection thelabourpartyandthegreenpartyformacoalitiongovernment eventhoughtheyare onthesameside theyarestillcompetingagainsteachotherforvotersupport thatmeansthatwhenanissueisdebated theywilltotakethesameposition butfordifferentreasons soiftheissueofnuclearpowerisdebated forexample thegreenpartywillopposethepolicyforenvironmentalreasons whereasthelabourpartymightopposeitbecauseitmeanscoalworkerswilllosetheirjobs sotheybothopposenuclearpower theyhavethesamestance theytakethestancefordifferentreasons speakingorder 1stopeninggovernment primeminister 1stopeningopposition leaderofopposition 2ndopeninggovernment deputyprimeminister 2ndopeningopposition deputyleaderofopposition 1stclosinggovernment memberofgovernment 1stclosingopposition memberofopposition 2ndclosinggovernment governmentwhip 2ndclosingopposition oppositionwhip speechduration speechesshouldbesevenminutesinduration inbritishparliamentarystyle speakersarenotpenalisedforexceedingthetimelimit howeverbyabout7 20 7 30theadjudicatorswillsimplystoplistening ifyougoover7 30 theadjudicatorswillprobablythrowsomethingatyou pointsofinformation poi thisisthefunpartofbritishparliamentarystyledebating pointsofinformationareimpromptuquestionsraisedbyopposingteams theymaybedeliveredanytimebetweenthe1minuteand6minutebells poismayonlybegiventospeakersontheotherbench soifyouareontheopeningopposition youcanonlyaskpoistotheopeninggovernmentandclosinggovernmentbutnottotheclosingopposition poi sshouldnotbemorethan15seconds thechairmanmayrequestaspeakertoendapoiathis herdiscretion preparation themotionisreleased15minutesbeforethedebate membersarepermittedtouseprintedorwrittenmaterialduringpreparationandduringthedebate printedmaterialincludesbooksjournals newspapersandothersimilarmaterials theuseofelectronicequipmentisprohibitedduringpreparationinthedebate addressingmembersofthehouse youshouldaddressthechairofthedebateasmr speakerormadamespeaker somespeakerswillalsoacknowledgeothermembersofthehouse itisbasicallyjustamatterofpersonalpreferenceastohowyoubeginyourspeechafteracknowledgingthechair soyoushouldbeginyourspeechshouldwith mrspeaker or madamespeaker pointsofinformation pois thisisthefunpartaboutbritishparliamentarystyledebating underthepointofinformation poi rule debaterscanaskquestionsoftheiropponentsinthemiddleoftheopponent sspeech ifaskedwell a15secondpoicanhaveahugeimpactonthedebate howtoaskapointofinformation onlyaskpoistospeakersfromtheotherbench pointofinformation thespeakercanchoosetoacceptornottoacceptthepoint ifthespeakerdoesnotacceptyourpoint youshouldsitbackdownquietlyyoucanofferasmanypoisasyouliketoeachspeaker butifyoustanduptoooften orjustafterthespeakerrejectedapoi thenitcanbecomeannoying waituntilthespeakerfinishesthatpointormovesontoanotherpoint beforeofferinganotherpoi timingisimportant youwantyourpoistobeaccepted trytoanticipatewhenthespeakerwillacceptapoi poi sshouldbeaddressedtothechairperson nottothespeaker whencaniaskapointofinformation eachspeakergetsone protectedminute atthebeginningofher hisspeech atthe1 minutemark thetimekeeperwilldingthebell afterthistimespeakersontheopposingbenchmyofferpoiseachspeakergetsanother protectedminute attheendofher hisspeech soatthe6 minutemark thetimekeeperwilldingthebell afterthistimenomorepoismaybeoffered howtoacceptapoi thememberwhoisspeakingmayacceptorrejectthepointofinformationyoucaneitherdothisverbally oryoucanwaveforthepersonofferingthepoitositdownmembersshouldanswertwopointsofinformationduringtheirspeech youshouldacceptonefromeachoftheteamsontheopposingbench ifyouacceptonlyonepoi orevennopois itlookslikeyouarescaredofwhattheotherteamhastosay howeverifyouacceptmorethantwo itmightlooklikeyouhavenothingtosayyourselfandaretryingtofillintime twoisjustright onemustrespondtoapoionceitisaccepted youcannotjustignoreitandcarryon ifitreallyisinthemateriallaterinyourspeech youcanstatethatyouwilladdressitinthen butyoumustcomebacktoit itisbetterifyousimplyaddressthequestionbrieflyimmediately attention theyget15secondsandthat sit don tletthemhaveaconversationwithyou oncethey vemadetheirpointthat sitandyoucanpolitelyaskthemtositbackdown whatkindofpoicaniask therearelotsofthingsyoucandowithapoi forexampleyoucould attackthespeaker scase perhapsby pointingoutafactthatdisprovesher hispointshowinghowher hisreasoningisflawedshowingthatthepointorexamplethatthespeakerismakingisnotrelevantdefendyourcase youcanusethesametechniquesasforattacking remindtheadjudicatorsofapointyoumadeearlierinthedebatethatisrelevant thisisparticularlyusefulifyouareanopeningteamandtheclosingteamsarenowspeaking introducesomethingthatyourteamwillsaylaterinthedebate called flagging ifyouareaclosingteamandtheopeningteamsarespeaking becarefuldoingthisthough cleveropeningteamswillhearthisandwillstealyourarguments ok soihave15seconds howcanidomaximumdamage thekeytoagoodpoiisthatitisshortandsharp youonlyhave15seconds soyoucan twasteanytimeatall agoodpoishouldbeonly2or3sentenceslongyourteamwillprobablyonlygettoaskeachopposingspeakeronepoi sodon twasteitattackingsmallpointsorexamples ifyouaregoingtogiveanattackingpoi youmustidentifythecentralidea argumentinthatspeaker sspeechandaddressyourpoitothatconferwithyourpartner inaquietwhisper ass hemayhaveabetterpoitoaskthanyouthinkthroughtheexactwordingofthepoibeforeyoustandup youdon twanttostandupandthenstruggletogetthepointoutinaconciseway speakerrolesandresponsibilities openinggovernment og thisteam sjobistosetupthedebate ifthedebatesucks afterthedebateeveryonewillblameog settingupisn ttoohardthough itjustmeansyouneedtoproperlydefinethetopic telluswhatthedebateisallabout andprovideapositivecase 1stspeaker primeminister definesthetopic stateswhatthesplitwillbebetweenthe1stand2ndspeakers andthenproducesargumentsandreasonsforsupportingthemotion 2ndspeaker deputyprimeminister rebutstheoppositionleader producesmorepositivereasons exceptforpois thisthelasttimeogwillgettospeakinthedebate sothedeputyprimeministerwillnormallyprovideaquicksummaryofog scase openingopposition oo oomainjustistorespondtoog theyalsoneedtoproducetheirowncase 1stspeaker leaderofopposition rebutsthepm providesthesplitandproducesoo sarguments 2ndspeaker deputyleaderofopposition rebutsthedeputyprimeministercaseandproducespositivematter brieflysumsupoo scase closinggovernment cg cgrebutsooandproducesacaseextension seesection6 extensions 1stspeaker memberofgovernment rebutsooandthenoutlinestheirteam scaseextension thenproducespositivematter arguments 2ndspeaker governmentwhip rebutsooandcowithparticularreferencetotheirteam scaseextension sumupthecaseofthegovernmentbenchandthedebate thespeakershouldavoidintroducingnewmatter closingopposition co corebutsooandcgandproducesacaseextension 1stspeaker memberofopposition rebutsthegovernmentbenchandthenoutlinestheirteam scaseextension thenproducespositivematter arguments 2ndspeaker oppositionwhip rebutsthegovernmentbenchwithparticularreferencetotheirteam scaseextension sumupthecaseoftheoppositionbenchandthedebate undernocircumstancescanthisspeakeroftheteamintroducenewmatter definitions settingupthedebate definitionthedefinitionshouldstatetheissue orissues fordebatearisingoutofthemotionandstatethemeaningofanytermsinthemotionthatrequireinterpretation theprimeministershouldprovidethedefinitionatthebeginningofhisorherspeech thedefinitionshouldbefair itshouldsetupthedebate notwinit ifthemotionis thishousebelievesthetelevisionistherootofallevil andtheprimeministerdefines television assomethingthatistherootofallevil thenthedebatewon tbeveryinteresting adefinitionisnotallowedtobe wherethereisnologicallinkbetweenthedefinitionandthemotion self proving whenthecaseisthatsomethingshouldorshouldnotbedoneandthereisnoreasonablerebuttal likethetvdefinitionabove moraltruism somethingtowhichnorealoppositionexists like genocideisbad timeset whereadebateissetinthepastorthefuturesquirreling whenamotionhasanobviousmeaning youcannottwistthewordingofthemotiontodebateontosomethingelse don thangyourcase howcantheopeninggovernmentsetupthedebate thisdependsonthemotion broadly therearetwokindsofmotions thosethatcreatepolicydebates andthosethatcreateprincipledebates anexampleofaprincipledebatewouldbethemotionsuggestedabove thishousebelievesthattvistherootofallevil thegovernmentteamsarenotaskedtoprovideassolution theydon tneedtoconvinceustodoanything apolicydebaterequirestheteamstoprovideasolutiontoaproblem thatmeanstheyhavetoconvinceusthatweshouldactuallydosomething indebating thissolutioniscalledamodel anexampleofadebatewheremodelisneededwouldbe thishousebelievesthatweshouldbansmokinginpublicplaces tosetupthisdebate theopeninggovernmentteamwouldhavetodoafewthings 1 telluswhatpublicplacesare i e thedefinition andoutlinethespecificsofsuchaban wewouldbantheproduction sale andconsumptionoftobaccoinallforms 2 tellusexactlyhowsmokingshouldbebanned themodelcouldbefines orperhapsjail violatorswouldbesubjecttocriminalandcivilsanctionscommensuratewiththeseverityoftheviolation rangingfromsimplefinesforpossessiontoincarcerationforrepeatedattemptstoproduceanddistribute insomecases agent financing otherterms 3 telluswhysmokingshouldbebanned 4 telluswhythebanshouldbethekindofbanthattheypropose soifthebantheyproposewouldseepublicsmokersarejailed theopeninggovernmentmustexplainwhythisisso here saneasy4 stepguidetosettingupapolicydebate firstopposition shouldichallengetheproposition sdefinition onlythefirstspeakeroftheoppositionallowedintheorybutdon tdoitbecausedebatesaboutthedefinitionisbadandhorribletowatch itislegitimatetodefinewherenodefinitionshasbeenoffered toestablishtheclashinthedebate seconding fault toomuchtimeonrebuttalandnotenoughsubstantivearguments extensions theroleoftheclosinggovernmentandclosingoppositionteamsinthedebateistoprovidean extension thismeansthattheymustintroducesomethingnewintothedebate thiscanbeawhollynewsetofarguments itcanbeafreshperspectiveontheissue oritcanbeadeeperlevelofanalysis don tforget yourextensionhastobeconsistentwithyouropeningteam spositionandarguments youcan tcontradicttheirpoints theonlyrulestorememberaboutcaseextensionsisthat a yourcasemustbeclear b itmustbedifferentfromthe1stteam scase c itmustnotcontradictthe1stteam scase extensionscanbe adifferentperspectiveontheissueamorein depthanalysisontheopeningteam scaseherearesomeexampleextensions sointhisexample theclosinggovernment spositionisconsistentwithopeninggovernment theybothopposenuclearpower buttheyhaveprovidedafreshsetofreasonsforsupportingtheog spolicy example1 thishousewouldnotallownuclearpower theopeninggovernment nuclearpowerisdangerous andthatusednuclearmaterialisbadforhumansandtheenvironment thisistheenvironmentalconcern theclosingopposition sextension nuclearpowershouldbeopposedbecausethetechnologycanbeeasilymisusedtomakenuclearweapons thisextensionisthesecurityperspective example2 thishousewouldabolishthedeathpenalty og thedeathpenaltyisinhumane andthatitisalwayswrongtotakelife thedeathpenaltydoesnotdetercrime cg useofthedeathpenaltyintheusa showingthatuseofthedeathpenaltytherehastargetedracialminoritiesandpeoplefrompoorersocio economicbackground theraceandsocio economicargument highlightsomeexamplesintheusawhereinnocentpeoplewereexecuted andtheyquotethemaximthat itisbetterthatonehundredguiltymengofreethanthatoneinnocentmanisexecuted thepossiblemiscarriageofjusticeargument showhowthepredictionsmadebyogwereprovedtobetrueintheusa bypointingoutthat sincetheintroductionofthedeathpenaltyintheusa crimerateshadinfactgoneup matterandmanner speakersandteamsinbpdebatesarejudgedontwoelements matterandmanner mattercontentofthespeechargumentsadebaterusestofurtherhis hercaseandpersuad