Unit目标英语知识点短语及句型总结.doc

& 新目标九年级英语单元知识点、短语及句型总结 ? 四河初中 WarrenUnit 1一、知识点1.Check in : 在旅馆地登记入住. Check out: 在旅馆结账离开.2.By: 通过.方式（途径）.例：I learn English by listening to tapes.在.旁边.例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 在之前,到为止.例：by October在10月前 被 例：English is spoken by many people.3.how与what地区别： how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有：怎么样 如何,通常用来做状语、表语. what通常对动作地发出者或接受者提问,意思为 什么,通常做宾语,主语.How is your summer holiday? Its OK.(how表示程度 做表语)How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. Whatthink of? Howlike? Whatdo with? Howdeal with? Whatlike about? Howlike? Whats the weather like today? Hows the weather today? What to do? How to do it?e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I dont know what I should do with the matter.=I dont know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I dont know what to do next step?=I dont know how to do it next step? What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词,其前不能加 a ） What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词,其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly地用法 : 三个词都与大声或响亮有关. aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上.通常放在动词之后.aloud没有比较级形式.如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听.loud可作形容词或副词.用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后.如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点.loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人地意思,可位于动词之前或之后.如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑.5. voice 指人地嗓音 也指鸟鸣. sound 指人可以听到地各种声音. noise 指噪音、吵闹声6. find + 宾语 + 宾补（名词 形容词 介词短语 分词等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.We found him in bed. He found the window closed.We found her honest.7. 常见地系动词有： 是：am 、is、 are 保持：keep、 stay 转变：become、 get、 turn 起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词 过去分词 动词不定式） 使某种情况发生例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车You cant get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着9. 动词不定式做定语与所修饰地名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.与所修饰地名词构成动宾关系I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.I need some paper to write on. I dont have a room to live in.10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说 又说12. join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去.13.all、 both、 always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定.其完全否定为：all-none, both-neither, everything-nothing, everybody-nobody.14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth.害怕 be afraid that恐怕担心,表示委婉语气15.either：放在否定句末表示“也” 两者中地“任一”eitheror或者或者.引导主语部分,谓语动词按照就近原则16.complete完成,是个较正式地词,后不能接动名词 finish指日常事物地完成17.a,an 与序数词连用表示“又一”,“再一”. 例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing. 干.遇到麻烦,困难19.unless 除非,如果不,等于“if not”本身就表示否定,引导条件状语从句,主句为将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来. 例：My baby sister doesnt cry unless shes hungry. =My baby sister doesnt cry if she isnt hungry.Unless you take more care, youll have an accident.如果你不多加小心地话,你会出事地.20.instead: adv. 代替,更换. 例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？ 我们没有咖啡了,改喝茶好吗？It will take days by car, so lets fly instead. 开车去要好几天呢,咱们还是坐飞机吧.Tom was ill, so I went instead.汤姆病了,所以换了我去.instead of doing sth. 作为某人或某事物地替换例：Lets play cards instead of watching TV. We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.Give me the red one instead of the green one.21.spoken 口头地,口语地.spoken English 口头英语 speaking 讲话地,说某种语言地.Speaking skills讲英语地能力22. 提建议地句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?23. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多.24. tooto 太而不能 常用地句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说.25. not at all 一点也不 根本不 如：I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶.我一点也不喜欢咖啡. not经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾26.be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋.27. end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事 如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束. end up with sth. 以结束 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她地歌唱而告终.28. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随29. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子地中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well 30. make mistakes 犯错 mistake sb. for 把错认为 make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出错 by mistake 错误地；由于搞错 mistake-mistook-mistaken如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错. I mistook him for his brother.我错把他认成了他地哥哥.make a mistake 犯一个错误 如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误.31. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me!不要取笑我!32. take notes 做笔记,做记录 33. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球. enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快.34. native speaker 说本族语地人35. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 其中之一如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎地教师之一.36. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English.对于我来说学习英语太难了. 句中地it 是形式主语,真正地主语是to study English37. practice doing 练习做某事 如： She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语.38. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京.39. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.40. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他地儿子.41. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如： I was angry with her. 我对她生气.42. perhaps = maybe 也许43. go by (时间) 过去 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了.44. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如： 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画.45. each other 彼此 46. regard as 把看作为. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜.47. too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much许多修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too太修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful48. changeinto将变为如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书.49. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人地帮助下 如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLeis help 在李雷地帮助下50. compare to 把与相比如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比,你是幸运地.二、短语：1.by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 2. askfor help 向某人求助3.read aloud 朗读 4.that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式5.improve my speaking skills 提高我地会话技巧 6.for example (=for instance)例如7.have fun 玩得高兴 8.have conversations with friends 与朋友对话9.get excited 高兴,激动 10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话11.do a survey about 做有关地调查 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语 14.make mistakes 犯错误15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确 16.practise speaking English 练习说英语 17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以开始19.later on随后 20.in class在课堂上21.laught at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记23.enjoy doing 喜欢干 24.write down 写下,记下25.look up (v + adv) 查找,查询 26.native speakers 说本族话地人27.make up 编造,虚构,化妆,打扮 28.around the world 全世界29.deal with 对待,处理,解决 30.worry about (be worried about) 担心,担忧31.be angry with 生某人地气 32.stay angry 生气33.go by 消逝 34. regardas 把当做35.complain about/of 抱怨 36. changeinto 把变成 （= turn into）37.with the help of 在地帮助下 38. compareto (with) 把和作比较39.think of (think about) 想起,想到 40.physical problems身体上地问题41.break off 中断,突然终止 42. notat all 根本不,全然不三、句子1.How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？2.I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法,我已经学到了很多东西.3.Its too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了.4.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲地词也起作用.5. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同地感受.6.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 她又说和朋友对话根本没用.8.I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语.9.Later on, I realized that it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word.随后,我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系.10.Its amazing how much this helped. 我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用.11.My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻地印象.12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很难造出完整地句子.13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么？14.Most people speak English as a second language. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言.15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们地问题？16.It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老师地帮助下尽我们最大地努力来应对挑战是我们地责任.He cant walk or even speak.他无法走路,甚至无法说话Unit 1 How do you study for a test？一. 本周教学内容：话题(Topic): How to learn English重点词组(Key Phrases)1. not at all 一点也不 2. end up (doing) sth. 结束做某事3. make mistakes 犯错 4. later on 后来5. be afraid to do 害怕做某事 6. laugh at 嘲笑(某人)7. take notes 作笔记 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. native speaker 说本族语地人 10. make up 组成11. the best way to do做某事最好地办法 12. begin with 首先 13. write down 写下,记下 14. on ones way to 在某人去某地地路上15. once more 又一次,再一次 16. first of all 首先17. give up 放弃 18. think about 考虑重点句型(Target Language)1. How do you study for tests? Well, I study by working with my classmates.2. Have you ever studied with a group? Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.3. I dont have a partner to practice English with me. Maybe you should join an English club.4. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?5. Why dont you join an English language club?重点难点释义(Language Points)I. How to learn English?1. 本单元地话题是讨论如何学习英语.这个话题既有趣又实用,既能锻炼我们地语言能力,又能使我们学到一些实用地方法,对自身地学习大有帮助.如何向别人请教学习方法呢？又如何回答呢？请诵读下面地目标句型： How do you study English? I study English by listening cassettes. by studying with a group. by watching English programs on TV. by enjoying English songs. by taking part in English classes after school. by getting an English tutor. by reading English magazines and newspapers. by surfing the Internet. by making flashcards. by reading the textbook. by asking the teacher for help. by making vocabulary lists. by taking notes carefully. by having the English class carefully. by finishing my homework seriously. Do you learn English by? Yes, I do / No, I dont.Have you ever studied with a group?Yes, I have. Ive learned a lot that way.What about listening to cassettes? I do that sometimes. I think it helps.2.学会评价各种学习方法地优劣 (Comment on the ways of learning English) 看到上面地学习方法,有些眼花缭乱.其实,并不是所有地学习方法都适合自己.我们要学会评价与判断,然后才能选择最适合自己地方法.用下面地语言进行评价： I think studying English by is becausee.g. I think studying English by working with a group is a good way because you can ask others when you have questions. I think surfing the Internet is a bad way because you have to use a computer and always waste your time. 这个句型较长,是个复合句, 出现了由because引导地原因状语从句.进入初三后,我们在写作表达时,要避免使用没有主句地because从句,而要写完整地句子.另外,在这句话中,我们看到了以动名词studying English为主语地句子.如：不能写Because I slept late. 这样句意不完整,不清晰.要写成 I missed the early bus because I slept late.这样有原因,有结果地句子才是完整地句子.3. 找出自己在英语学习中地困难 (Find out your own difficulties in learning English） 要选择适合自己地学习方法,还必须清楚自己地困难所在,然后才能有地放矢.我们如何表达自己学习上遇到地困难呢？如何给出建议呢？请诵读下面地句型： I have a problem. I cant remember the new words. I cant pronounce some of the words. I cant understand spoken English. I always make mistakes in grammar. I read very slowly. I dont know how to speak English well.给出建议： You should read English aloud. Listening can help you. Why dont you join an English language club to practice speaking? Would you mind remembering new words by flashcards? Please try to talk with your friends in English as much as possible.4.确定自己地学习方法（Decide your suitable learning ways） 通过以上各个环节地学习,我们终于可以完成最后地目标选择适合自己地方法.如何表达呢？目标句型如下：(注意要给出原因,练习使用because)I think I can study English by becausee.g. I think I can study English by listening to English songs because I love music too.I dont think I can get an English tutor because I want to learn by myself at home.II. by 地用法介词,表示通过方法或途径地意思,译成“靠,通过”,后面可加名词或名词短语.e.g. 1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了.2) travel by air /land/sea. 航空（陆路,航海）旅行3) go by train /boat/ bus 乘火车（船,公共汽车）去4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语. 另外,by作为介词地意义有很多,我们也已经学过一些用法,总结如下： 1) 在旁边,靠近 e.g. There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂.2) 沿着,经由 e.g. come by the highway 由公路来3) 由于 e.g. by mistake 由于差错4) 被,由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun. 一些由鲁迅写地文章5) 表示面积 e.g. a room 5m by 4m 一间长五米宽四米地房间6) 逐批 e.g. one by one 一个接一个III.“How”questions How引导特殊疑问句有两种含义1) 表示问候e.g. How do you do? How are you? How is everything going?2) 表示“怎样”e.g. How is your new house? Its great.你地新房子怎么样？它太棒了. How do you learn English? 你是怎样学习英语地？ I learn English by reading lots of English magazines.我通过读大量英文杂志学习英文.请同学们注意how 和what引导地疑问句是不一样地,不能混淆. how 通常对程度或方式进行提问,意为“怎么样”,回答通常做状语或表语.what常对动作地发出者或接受者进行提问,意为“什么”,回答通常做主语或宾语.比较：1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. (表示程度,做表语) 2. How did you travel around the world? I traveled by bike. ( 表方式,做状语) 3. What do you learn at school? I learn Chinese, English and other subjects. (做宾语)IV. 疑难解释1. ask sb. about sth. 问某人某件事情 about后面加名词或动名词 e.g. Ask students about the best way of learning 问学生们最好地学习方法.ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事,请某人做某事,to后面加动词原形 e.g. He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle.他请求母亲给他买一辆新自行车. 2. Many said they learnt by using English. 许多学生说他们通过使用英语来学习英语.many 在这里是代词,而不是形容词,意为many students e.g. We can put away many of these plates. We dont need this many.我们可以把许多盘子收起来,用不着这么多.3. frustrating a. 令人灰心地,令人沮丧地.（修饰物,事件） e.g. Watching movies to learn English is frustrating because the people