八年级英语上册 Unit 6 Ancient stories Grammar课件 （新版）牛津深圳版.ppt

unit6grammar thepresentperfecttense 动词过去分词 一 规则动词的过去分词的构成及其读音与动词的过去式相同1直接在动词词尾加ed构成例如 callcalledcalled2以e结尾的直接加d构成例如 agreeagreedagreedlivelivedlived 你还记得动词形式的变化吗 e g likelikedliked 3以元音字母加y结尾的直接加ed构成 例如 playplayedplayed enjoy stay 4以辅音字母加y结尾的 把y变i为再加ed构成 例如 studystudiedstudied5以重读闭音节结尾的末尾只有一个辅音字母的 应先双写辅音字母 再加ed构成 例如 dropdroppeddroppedstopstoppedstoppedpreferpreferredpreferredtraveltravelledtravelled 背诵表格 hurthurt hurt hurtbuybuy bought boughtkeepkeep kept kepthave hashave has had hadhidehide hid hidden seesee saw seenknowknow knew knownhearhear heard heardsitsit sat satthinkthink thought thought hehashurthisfoot hurt 看图说话 runacross zebracrossing hehasrunacrossthezebracrossing 看图说话 hehascaughtamouse catch 看图说话 hehasreadabook 看图说话 playthepiano shehasplayedthepiano 看图说话 we maketwocakes wehavemadetwocakes 看图说话 transformationofsentences ihavefinished 否定句ihavenotfinished i venotfinished ihaven tfinished 一般疑问句haveyoufinished 肯定 否定回答yes ihave no ihaven t shehasplayedthepiano 否定句shehasnotplayedthepiano she snotplayedthepiano shehasn tplayedthepiano 一般疑问句hassheplayedthepiano 肯定 否定回答yes shehas no shehasn t 就划线部分提问whathasshedone 1 现在完成时态常与一些时间状语连用 请写出中文意思 yet还 仍already已经just只是before之前ever曾never从不recently最近sofar迄今为止 till until直到uptonow直到现在inthepastfewyears在过去的几年since自从 深入学习 2 already已经 yet还 仍already用于肯定句 yet常用于否定句和疑问句 如 ihaveseenthefilmalready 我已经看过这部电影了hehasn tcomebackfromshanghaiyet 他还没从上海回来 3 ever曾经 常用于疑问句 never从不 常用于陈述句 如 hasanneeverbeentoaustralia anne去过澳洲吗 mymotherhasnevertravelledbyair 我妈妈从来没有坐过飞机 4 sincethreemonths ihavestudiedinhaiwangmiddleschoolfortwoyears 我在海旺中学读了两年书 since后面可加句子 sinceandfor 1 since 时间点 for 时间段 since now for4years 1990 1986 ihavelivedinshenzhensince1986 ihavelivedinshenzhenforfouryears ihavetaughtenglishsince1985 ihavetaughtenglishforfifteenyears johnhasbeenayoungpioneerforfouryears johnhasbeenayoungpioneersince1996 用since或for填空 1 myfatherhaslivedinsydney 1986 2 hehasbeenback threedays 3 mr lihastaughtchineseinourschool tenyears 4 myaunthasstayedhere february 5 thefootballmatchhasbeenon tenminutes 6 ihaveseenhim hemovedtoshenzhen 7 wehaveknowneachother sevenyears 8 wehaveknowneachother 1980 since for for since for since for since 我们在做题时 遇到for since时 一定要注意句子中的动词 在现在完成时中 有两种动词 1 延续性 2 非延续性 即短暂性动词 也就是说 短暂性动词不能和for since一起用 如果短暂性动词遇到for since 就必须变成延续性动词 howlong 现在完成时 延续性动词 havegoneto havebeento havebeenin a jimhasgonetolondonwithhisfamily heisonhiswayorinlondonnow b jimhasbeentolondonbefore heisbacknow c jimhasbeeninlondonfortwoweeks hewenttolondontwoweeksagoandheisstillthere ihaveneverbeentothegreatwall hehasgonetothesupermarket 热门考点 1 你知道havegoneto havebeento havebeenin的意思吗 答 havegoneto意为 说话时该人不在现场 havebeento意为 现在已不在那里了 后可接次数 如once twice threetimes等 表示 也可和just never ever等连用 havebeenin表示 常与时间段状语连用 如 ihavebeeninshanghaiforthreeyears 我到上海已有三年了 去 去过 去过 次 在 热门考点 练一练 1 hello thisiskingspeaking couldispeaktotina sorry she dongmen a hasbeentob wenttoc hasgonetod havebeenin2 我曾经去过很多国家 但还没去过法国 ihave manycountries butihaven tbeentofranceyet c beento 延续性动词与终止性 瞬间性动词 非延续性动词 终止性 瞬间性动词不可延续 所以不可与表示一段时间的状语连用 i veleftmyhometownfor10years i vebeenawayfrommyhometownfor10years hehasborrowedthisbookforaweek hehaskeptthisbookforaweek 但它们的否定式可以与一段时间状语连用 eg ihaven tboughtanynewclothesforthreemonths 常见的有 come go arrive reach getto open close leave begin start stop lose buy borrow join die marry become getup receive等 均不能同 for 段时间 的状语连用 如果表达上述非延续性动词 继续多长时间 的概念 则须要改用系表结构 多为be 形容词 副词 介词短语等 构成 假如瞬间性动词想变成延续性动词的话 就要用以下方法转变 open beenopenclose beenclosedleave beenaway from begin start beenonbuy haveborrow kept join beenindie beendeadmarry beenmarriedbecome beenhehascomeback hehasbeenbackforaweek hehasbeenbacksinceaweekago hecamebackaweekago itisaweeksincehecameback 试一试 试比较每组中哪个是正确的 hehascomehereforsevenyears hehasbeenhereforsevenyears thisfactoryhasopenedforseveralyears thisfactoryhasbeenopenforseveralyears helenhasborrowedthebookforamonth helenhaskeptthebookforamonth f t f t f t 课堂小练习 他去那儿一周了 1 hehasgonethereforaweek 2 hehasbeenthereforaweek 3 hehasgonetheresinceaweekago f t f 她回家来有两年时间 1 shehascomehomefortwoyears 2 shecamehometwoyearsago 3 shehasbeenbackhomefortwoyears 4 itistwoyearssinceshecamebackhome f t t t 他入党已有十年的时间 1 hejoinedtheparty10yearsago 2 hehasjoinedthepartyfor10years 3 hehasbeenapartymemberfor10years 4 itis10yearssincehejoinedtheparty t f t t 这本书我已借了五天 1 ihaveborrowedthebookforfivedays 2 ihavekeptthebookforfivedays 3 iborrowedthebookfivedays ago f t t 课开始五分钟了 theclasshasbegunfor5minutes theclasshasbeenonfor5minutes theclassbegan5minutesago f t t 他死了一周 1 hehasdiedforaweek 2 hehasbeendeadforaweek 3 hehasdiedsinceaweekago 4 itisaweeksincehedied f t f t 她离开家已有两年时间 1 shehaslefthomefortwoyears 2 shelefthometwoyearsago 3 shehasbeenawayfromhomefortwoyears 4 itistwoyearssinceshelefthome f t t t 他参军已有一个月的时间 1 hejoinedthearmyamonthago 2 hehasjoinedthearmyforamonth 3 hehasbeenasoldierforamonth 4 itisamonthsincehejoinedthearmy t f t t 我这支笔已买了五年 1 ihaveboughtthepenforfiveyears 2 ihavehadthepenforfiveyears 3 iboughtthepenfiveyearsago 他来这里一小时了 hehascomehereforanhour hehasbeenhereforanhour f t t f t 区别在哪里 在这里 延续性动词 一段时间havelivedforfiveyears住了五年 住 是延续性动词 瞬间性动词 时刻havereceived100yuanyesterday收到100元 收到 是瞬间性动词 不可能保持这个动作n久 somespecialthings 1 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 侧重点不一样 时间状语不一样a isawthefilmyesterday havenothingtodowiththepresent b ihaveseenthefilm nowiknowaboutthefilm 现在完成时不可连用的时间状语 yesterday morning lastweek twodaysago in2000 justnow iknowthecharacterwell becauseihavereaditmanytimes ireadbookslastweekend andiwanttogooutforawalkthisweekend 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 完成时 ihavestudiedinhaiwangmiddleschoolfortwoyears 翻译 截止到现在还在海旺中学就读 过去时 istudiedinbinhaiprimaryschooltwoyearsago 翻译 现在已经不在滨海小学就读 我在海旺中学读了两年书 两年前我在滨海小学上学 since forsince四种用法 a since 过去一个时间点 1980 march halfpastsix ihavebeenheresince1989 b since 一段时间 agoihavebeenheresincefivemonthsago c since 从句ihavebeenheresinceiwassixyearsold d itis hasbeen 一段时间 since从句 过去时 itistwoyearssinceibecameapostgraduatestudent for引导的表示一段时间的状语theyhavebeenincanadafortenyears mybrotherhaskeptthisbookfor5weeks 特殊疑问句 howlonghasyourbrotherkeptthisbook practice 一 用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子 1 haveyoufound find yourwatchyet 2 areyouthirsty no ihavejusthad have someorange 3 wehavealreadyreturned return thebook 4 hastomtaughtyouenglish yes hehastaught teach usenglishfortwoyears 5 ihaven tfinished notfinish myhomeworkyet canyouhelpme 6 myfatherhasread read thenoveltwice 巩固小练习 7 wudonghasbeen be asoldierforoneyear 8 thestudentshavestudied study inthemiddleschoolsincelastmonth 9 howlonghaveyouknown know him 10 mikehasmade make quiteafewfriendssincehecametochina 11 lipingandwudonghaveseen see theoldmanthreetimes 12 hassheevertaught teach youenglish cac4 b5 d6 a7 b 8 a9 d10 c11 c12 b13 a 语法小测 14 a15 c16 b17 d18 d 三 把下列过去时态的句子改为现在完成时 1 hisfatherhasdied for2years hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years 2 thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m3 thetwinshavejoinedthearmy sincetheyare18yearsold thetwinshavebeeninthearmysincetheywere18yearsold 4 myteacherhasjustleftnanjing for3days thetacherhasbeenawayformnanjingfor3days 用since或for完成下列练习 for twoyears since twoyearsago since lastmonth since 1999 since yesterday since 4o clock for 4hours since anhourago since wewerechildren for tenminutes since sheleftherehehasworkedinthiscompany since lastyear we vebeenfriends since wewereten ourteacherhasstudiedjapanese for threeyears shehaswaitedhere for abouthalfanhour ithasbeenaboutayear since welastmet readandanswer a1hansisfromhamburgingermany heistalkingtodoris readtheirconversationandanswerthequestions wheredoeshanslive he in howlonghashanslivedinhamburg he there howlonghasdorislivedinshanghai she here wherewasdorisborn she doris soyouliveinhamburg hans hans yes i mahamburger haveyouevermetahamburger doris yes imetoneyesterdayatthefast foodrestaurant andiateit hans ah yes i veheardthatjokeb