大学英语一年级上答案.docx

A Language Teathers Personal Opinion一名语言教师的个人看法Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claming that it is easy to learn English.According to these advertisements,with very little effort on the students part,he will be able to speak the language fluently in three months or even ten days.There is often a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage him even more. When I see advertisements like this，I dont know whether to laugh or cry.If it were as easy to learn English as they say,I would have to look for another job,because very few qualified teathers would be needed.But a large number of people must believe these ridiculous claims,or else the advertisments would not appear.我每天都会在在报纸上和公共汽车上看见广告声称学英语很容易。根据广告上说，从学生的角度看， 几乎不要任何努力就能在三个月甚至十天之内就能流利地说英语。广告还常常提及莎士比亚或查尔斯.狄更斯等英语大师来鼓励他们。当我看到像这样的广告中，我哭笑不得。如果学英语像他们说的那么容易，我不得不去找另一个工作，因为几乎没有有资格的老师被需要。但是大部份的人们相信这些荒谬的主张，否则广告将不会出现。It is natural for students to be attracted to methods that will teach them as quickly and efficiently and cheaply as possible.But it is difficult for anyone to than another,and it is no use pretending that anyone has discoverded a perfect way of teaching English in every possible situation. Some experts even argue that there are as many good methods of teaching a language as there are good teachers,because every teacher is an individual with his own personality.No doubt this is true to a certain extent,but it is not very helpful to students.学生们被尽可能快而有效且低价的教学方法吸引是很自然的。但要用浅显易懂的语言去解释为什么某一种方法比另一种方法更有效并不一件简单的事，而且也无需装模作样地声称有什么人已经找到了一个万能的适合所有学习环境的教学方法。一些专家甚至认为，有多少好老师就有多少好的教学方法，因为每个老师都有他自身的特性。这种说法无疑是有几分道理的，但对于学生来说不是很有帮助。For a long time people believed thatl the only way to learn a language was to spend a great deal of time in a country where it was spoken.Of course it is clear that students who go to England,America,or Australia to learn English have a great advantage over others,but a large number of students cannot afford to do so,Some students go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home with dictionars.But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language and vice wersa,and it is impossible for any translation method to provide students with the natural forms of a language in speech,let alone produce good pronunciation and intonation.有很长一段时间，人们认为要学好一门语言，只有去使用那些语言的国家待上一段时间。当然去英国、美国、或者澳大利亚等国家学习英语的学生肯定比那些不能去的学生具有很大优势，但是很多学生支付不起那笔费用。有些学生走向另一极端：他们认为可以借助词典在家自学。如果你认为英语中的每一个词在另一语言中都有完全对等的词，反之也是，那就错了。通过翻译法来给学生讲解口语的自然形式是不可能的，更不要说做到语音、语调地道了。A great deal of teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology.Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making them do exercises where they continually have to change one word in a sentence.If we were parrots or chimpanzees,these methods might be successful.A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we arent,because it would make it easier to use their methods.现在大量的教学活动还是建立的行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。 假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那这些方法或许能奏效，可惜我们不是，这似乎让很多理论家引以为憾，否则他们提出的那些方法用起来就地容易得多了。In my personal opinion,no one can ever learn to speak Englis or any other language unless he is interested in it.Human beings,unlike parrots and chimpanzees,do not like making noises mean and can relate them to their own lives.It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication.What people want to say and write in another language is probably very similar to what they want to say and write in their own.What they listen to and read cannot be a formula.It must be real.我个人认为，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不能可能学好在英语或其他任何语言。与鹦鹉或黑猩猩不同，人类不会无缘无故地发出噪声，除非他们明白这些声音是什么意思，并且能将其与自己的生活联系起来。值得牢记的是：语言是一种交际手段，人们在母语中怎么说怎么写，用另一种语言表达时也大同小异。因此，人们所听所读的不应该是程式化的东西，听的读的材料必须真实自然。There is another revevant point worth mentioning here.We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate.If what we are learning is strang to us,it will be helpful if there are other students around us who can word with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations,talking to each other about real life in real language.还有一个相关的问题值得一提：在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。在学习较生疏的内容时，如果有其他学生和我们在实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一些有受益非浅。事EGLISH HOMEWORK2.In the box below are some of the words you have l earned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.advantage apparently astonishcharacter communicate confidentenjoyable extreme helpful means obtain particularly process relevant1.Ilikethatsingeralot,butIhaventbeenableto_hislatestCDanywhere.2.Jimsaidhewasvery_thattheproject(项目)wouldbesuccessful.3.Nowadayspeoplepreferto_ withoneanotherbye-mail.4.Beingtallgavehima(n)_overtheotherplayers.5.Hebasedhisarticleonthe_informationhehadgathered.6.Role-play(角色扮演)is_indevelopingcommun icationskills.7. Sometimes she eats a lot and sometimes nothing at all; she just goes fromone _ to the other.8.MytriptoAustraliaprovedtobeamost_experience.9.ItisassumedthattheInternetisanefficient_ofcommunication.10.Imafraidthatgettingthingschangedisaslow_.11.Trafficisterriblybadnowadays,_inthecitycenter.12.There are too many _ in this novel; could you spare a few minutes and help me clear up my confusion. 13.Her behaviour of smoking in public really _ us.14.Allthestudentsareinterestedinhislectures;_heisaqualifiedteacher.3.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how t