高考英语总复习 语法专题第六讲 动词的时态与语态课件.ppt

第六讲动词的时态与语态 语法专题复习 考点透析1 十种常用的动词时态句子结构 s 主语 do 动词原形 does 动词第三人称单数 did 过去式 doing 现在分词 done 过去分词 一般现在时 s do does 一般过去时 s did 现在进行时 s am is aredoing 过去进行时 s was weredoing 一般将来时 s will shall do 过去将来时 s should would do 现在完成时 s have hasdone 过去完成时 s haddone 现在完成进行时 s have hasbeendoing 过去完成进行时 s hadbeendoing 2 在时间状语从句 条件状语从句中 一般现在时表示将来 这时主句要用一般将来时态 1 thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifitrains 如果下雨的话 排球赛就会推迟 2 ifcitynoisesarenotkeptfromincreasing peoplewillhavetoshouttobeheard20yearsfromnowon 如果不阻止城市噪音增长的话 20年后人们就得大喊大叫才能让人听见 3 一般现在时可表示主语具备的某种能力 某种性能 例如 1 i ping pongquitewell butihaven thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear a willplayb haveplayedc playedd play 选d 会打球 是主语具备的一种能力 不会短时间内消失 用现在时 2 canihelpyou sir yes iboughtthisradiohereyesterday butitdoesn twork doesn twork是主语的性能 4 过去将来时和过去完成时都是相对过去时间而存在的时态 在答题时 一定要仔细揣摩上下文的时间关系 例如 1 wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathewouldleaveofficesoon 2 howlong eachotherbeforethey married foraboutayear a havetheyknown getb didtheyknow weregoingtogetc dotheyknow aregoingtogetd hadtheyknown got 选d 3 helenhadleftherkeyintheoffice soshehadtowaituntilherhusbandcamehome 5 leave go arrive take fly start begin come等动词的现在式可表计划安排好的将来 它们的进行时也可以表示将来的动作 例如 1 thetrain atfouro clock let shurry a leaveb leavesc willleaved hadleft 选b 2 i vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoflorida i mymumtogether a amtakingb havetakenc taked willhavetaken 选a 6 begoingto表早就安排好的将来 或表根据某种迹象判断要发生的事情 will shall表临时决定要做的动作 beto表按约定计划或按职责 义务将要发生的动作 强调主语的意志和决心 beaboutto表马上就要发生的动作 不能与表示将来的确切时间状语连用 1 whatareyougoingtodothisevening i mgoingtoseeafilmwithmyfriend 2 haven tyouknownmr wangisill really theni llgotoseehiminstead 3 howaboutseeingafilmtomorrow sorry ican t iamtotakethedrivingtest 7 如果句中有sofar since bynow inthelastfewyears tillnow uptonow等表示时间的短语 谓语动词只能用现在完成时 例如 1 sofartheyhavedugmorethan100wellstogetenoughdrinkingwater 2 ihavebeenbusyduringthelastfewdays 8 句型 itisthefirsttime thisisthelasttime 中 从句的谓语要用现在完成时 句型 itwasthefirsttime thiswasthelasttime 中 从句的谓语要用过去完成时 例如 thisisthefirsttimei vebeenhere thatwasthesecondtimethattheyhadwitnessedanaccidentatthecrossing 9 句中的状语是 bytheendof 过去时间 动词用过去完成时 句中的状语是 bytheendof 将来时间 动词用将来完成时 例如 1 bytheendoflastterm wehadlearnedaboutthreethousandenglishwords 到上学期末 我们大约学了3000个英语单词 2 bytheendofnextmonth weshallhavefinishedbookfive 到下个月末 我们将已经学完了第五册 10 进行时 将来时 完成时 情态动词的被动语态的谓语分别是bebeingdone will shallbedone have has hadbeendone 情态动词 bedone 不要遗漏任何部分 11 有些动词形式上是主动语态 却表示被动意义 主要有下列几种情形 1 beworthdoingthebookisworthreading 这本书值得一读 2 need want require bear doing need want requiretobedonetheroomneedscleaning theroomneedstobecleaned 屋子需要打扫 3 be adj todotheplaceishardtofindinthemap 这个地方在地图上很难被发现 4 表感觉的连系动词 形容词 goodmedicinetastesbitter 良药苦口 5 当句子的主语是物 同时又是动作涉及的对象 而动词又是表明主语本身的特性时 用主动形式表被动意义 这时 句末有一个表示方式的副词 thepeniboughtyesterdaywritessmoothly 我昨天买的钢笔书写流畅 theclothwasheswell 这种布耐洗 强化训练 用所给动词的正确形式填空按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求 在空白处填上适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空 1 2012 全国卷 lifeislikewalkinginthesnow grannyusedtosay becauseeverystep show shows 2 2012 上海卷 ihearthatjasonisplanningtobuyacar iknow bynextmonth he enoughforausedone save 3 2012 天津卷 thelettersfortheboss onhisdeskbuthedidn treadthemuntilthreedayslater put 4 2012 天津卷 thethreeofus aroundeuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer travel travelled willhavesaved wereput 5 2012 江苏卷 themanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfrompariswherehe someeuropeanbusinesspartners meet 6 2012 安徽卷 inordertofindthemissingchild villagers alltheycanoverthepastfivehours do 7 2012 安徽卷 walmart whichisoneofthelargestamericansupermarketchains someofitsstoreopen24hoursonmondaysthroughsaturdays keep keeps hadmet havebeendoing 8 2012 安徽卷 afterschoolwewenttothereading roomtodosomereading onlytobetoldthatit decorate 9 2012 湖南卷 don tworry thehardworkthatyoudonow laterinlife repay 10 2012 湖南卷 closethedooroffearbehindyou andyou thedooroffaithopenbeforeyou see wasbeingdecorated willberepaid willsee 11 2012 湖南卷 themoment soon hethoughttohimself waitingnervously come 12 2012 全国卷 ihadbeenworkingonmathforthewholeafternoonandthenumbers beforemyeyes swim 13 2012 湖南卷 irememberyouwereatalentedpianistatcollege canyouplaythepianoforme sorry i thepianoforyears play iscoming swam haven tplayed 14 2012 福建卷 whendidthecomputercrash thismorning whilei thereadingmaterialsdownloadedfromsomewebsites sort 15 2012 陕西卷 canicallyoubackattwoo clockthisafternoon i msorry butbytheni tobeijing howaboutfive fly wassorting willbeflying 专题训练 广东各地市历年模拟题演练按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求 使用括号中单词的正确形式填空 1 alltheanimalslinedupontheriverbankand give thetaskofgettingtotheoppositeshore 2 mylegs ache andiwasn tlookingforwardtocookingdinner weregiven wereaching 3 pretextingiswhenprivateinvestigatorstreatthemselvesassomeoneelse they give personalinformation 4 nowtheirclaims test asneverbefore 5 hisfearoffailure keep himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoy 6 sofar 256confuciusinstitutesand58confuciusclassrooms establish acrosstheworld willbegiven willbetested kept havebeenestablished 7 now valentine sday celebrate inmanycountriesaroundtheworld 8 withtelevisiontherearere