英语高考北京卷答案及.doc

2014年北京高考英语试卷详细解析第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _, we last met more than thirty years agoA. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or not21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _ plants can spread to new places.A. so B. or C. for D. but【答案】A【解析】考查并列句中连词的使用，根据句意来做题。前半句说“一些动物把种子从一个地方带到另一个地方”，后半句说“植物可以传播到新的地方”，由句意可知，后半句是前半句的结果，所以我们选择so。22. - Hi, lets go skating.- Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill【答案】C【解析】考查时态。题目中出现标志词right now，要使用现在进行时，所以我们选am filling。23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.A. by B. in C. for D. until【答案】B【解析】考查介词。“Jane很匆忙，因为去机场的列车在半小时之内就要运行了”。“在多长时间之内”，使用in。24. _ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.A. Observe B. To observe C. Observed D. Observing【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。祈使句要使用动词原形，所以选择observe。25. Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV.A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语。非谓语的动作跟谓语动词同时发生，表伴随，选doing。26. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my classmates recommended to me.A. who B. which C. when D. where【答案】B【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句中缺少宾语，所以选择关系代词，关系代词指代的是一件事，所以which。27. _ I have a word with you? It wont take long.A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should【答案】A【解析】考察情态动词。Can表示允诺，许可。28. There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solving B. solved C. being solved D. to be solved【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语。非谓语的动作发生在谓语动词之后，所以要用to do，又因为非谓语的动作与逻辑主语many problems构成被动关系，所以选择to be solved。29. _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case【答案】C【解析】考查并列句中连词的使用，根据句意来做题。as“正如”，when“当时候”，even though“虽然，即使”，in case“以防”。根据句意，表让步，所以选择even though。30. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A. where B. when C. how D. why【答案】B【解析】考查表语从句。从句中缺少表时间的连接副词，所以选when。31. - What time is it?- I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you.A. check B. checked C. will check D. would check【答案】C【解析】考查时态。Just a moment，要对方等一等，说明这个动作还没有做，应当选择将来的时态，所以选will check。32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived.A. started B. was starting C. would start D. had started【答案】D【解析】考查时态。我arrived是过去时，lecture是在我到达之前开始的，发生在过去的过去，所以选had started。33. Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however【答案】A【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。宾语从句中缺少主语，所以选择连接代词，只有A选项是连接代词。34. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. are B. were C. will be D. would be【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。主句中对现在的虚拟，要用would do，所以选D。35. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _.A. recognizing B. being recognizedC. having recognized D. having been recognized【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语。非谓语的动作与逻辑主语he构成被动关系，所以要用被动，with是介词，介词后跟doing，所以选择being done。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The fitting-in of Suzy KhanThe first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿), from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this 38 girl, and promised myself that somehow I would help her.But how I would help her 39 in with us? There had to be a 40 .One day, when I went into the classroom. I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a (an) 42 copy.I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Park, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “Why, its wonderful,” said Miss Park, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just dont have enough 46 . Could you help me, Suzy?”On the day of the talent show, Suzys 47 were everywhere - all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.“And finally,” said Mr. Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (an) 48 award. Im sure youve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of your own students 49 them.”I could hear everyone whispering, “Who in our school could draw 50 well?”Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ 51 this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a 52 , too. Our mystery (神秘的) artist is our new student, Suzy Khan!”Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artists set. “Thank you,” she cried.I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, shed probably never 54 anything in her whole life.Everyone started to 55 their hands, Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.36. A. jokedB. cared C. forgotD. worried37. A. reportedB. decidedC. complained D. questioned38. A. richB. proudC. tinyD. popular39.A. comeB. fall C. fitD. tie40.A. mannerB. patternC. choiceD. way41.A. readB. takenC. openedD. put42.A. freeB. perfectC. finalD. extra43.A. artB. talkC. quizD. talent44.A. coloredB. writtenC. carvedD. drawn45.A. atB. afterC. forD. around46.A. roomB. timeC. paperD. interest47.A. giftsB. booksC. photosD. posters48.A. specialB. academicC. nationalD. royal49.A. paintedB. foundC. printedD. collected50.A. veryB. thatC. quiteD. too51.A. IfB. ThoughC. UnlessD. Since52.A. prizeB. rankC. restD. place53.A. repliedB. realizedC. rememberedD. regretted54.A. offeredB. valuedC. ownedD. controlled55.A. clapB. waveC. raiseD. shake2014高考完形填空按照惯例出的是一片记叙文，属于心灵鸡汤类，难度不大，与2013年持平。文章的线索和情感脉络比较好把握。完形中绝大多数空都可以通过上下文线索找到正确答案。此外，根据考点分布不难看出动词和名词仍然是完形填空的考察重点。不过明显动词的数量远远多余名词和其他词性考点。选词均是基础考纲词汇，更加侧重学生对于基础词汇知识的考察。可见平时认真背词并掌握完形解题法的学生在这里一定会提升自信的。36.【答案】A【解析】考查动词。joke表示“取笑”，可由该句话中and后动词laugh推得此处为近义词，班上的男孩经常取笑她。37.【答案】B【解析】考查动词。decide 表示“决定，拿主意”。收养她的家庭拿定主意觉得和美国孩子一起长大是最好的融入美国生活的方式。report“报告”，complain“抱怨”，question“质疑，提问”均不符合语境。38.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。由语境此处暗含同情，且与开头 “she was really small for her age of 12”呼应。39.【答案】C【解析】考查动词。根据标题及语境，此处应为“融入”选得。40.【答案】D【解析】way“出路”。考查名词，找复现。与前文the best way重复。C选项choice“选择”，应有范围，不要误选。41.【答案】C【解析】open，此处译为“正好翻到那一页”。与后文介词to搭配也可选出正确答案。A选项read易误选，她在画画，不是在阅读。42.【答案】B【解析】perfect“完美的”，考查形容词。与后文名词copy搭配可选得，以及下段句首“我”对其的惊讶赞美等情感，也可推得答案。43.【答案】D【解析】考查名词，talent show既是常见短语搭配，也可由后文45空后同词复现可以推得。44.【答案】D【解析】考查动词。前文what指代Suzy的画，所以此处动词与名词搭配，其余选项color“上色”，write“书写”，carve“雕刻”均不符合语境。45.【答案】C【解析】考查介词。与名词搭配易得。46.【答案】B【解析】考查名词。根据语境，其余选项room“空间”，paper“纸张”，interest“兴趣”均不符合。47.【答案】D【解析】考查名词，同词复现。根据后文the wonderful posters可知。48.【答案】A【解析】考查形容词，与名词搭配。其余选项academic“学术的”，national“国际的”，royal“皇室的”均不符合语境。49.【答案】A【解析】动词的考查。与名词搭配，以及根据语境，是Suzy画了这些海报。50.【答案】B【解析】考查副词，与形容词搭配。“那么好”，暗含感叹，惊讶的意思。51.【答案】D【解析】考查介词，since此处译为“因为”或者“既然”，其余选项if“如果”，though“尽管”，unless“除非”均不符合语境。52.【答案】A【解析】考查名词，同义复现。由前文award可推得此处应选“奖项”。53.【答案】B【解析】考查动词。realize “意识到”，其余选项reply“回复”，remember“记起”，regret“后悔”均不符合语境54.【答案】C【解析】考查动词。own“拥有”，A选项“offer”易误选，但是offer应用被动语态。55.【答案】A【解析】考查名词。根据后文applause同义复现，可选得。第三部分： 阅读理解（40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASea Life Melbourne Aquarium（水族馆）The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbournes CBD, is one of Victorias leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.Opening TimesSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.Location(位置)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne AquariumTrainSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.Tram(有轨电车)The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75.City Circle Trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.Shuttle BusThe Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.Car ParkingWhile there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.Wheelchair AccessSea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.TermsTickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your tickets once payment has been accepted. Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!56. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium_.A. is located at the center of the CBD in the cityB. has 12 most attractive places in MelbourneC. admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pmD. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex57.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take_.A. trains from Southern Cross train stationB. shuttle buses around the train stationC. boats across the Yarra RiverD. either tram route 70 or 7558.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors_.A. free car parking B. wheelchair accessC. Internet connection D. transportation service59.Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _.A. are free to all visitors B. can be purchased by emailC. are checked at the entrance D. can be printed at the ticket office【分析】应用文。介绍水族馆信息。56.【答案】A【解析】选项的有效信息“The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium situated in the heart of Melbournes CBD”，与选项A表述at the center of the CBD in the city一致。B.中“most attractive places”与原文表述“zones of discovery”不符，属于夸大事实，故错误。C中“admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm”违背了原文表述“Last admission is at 5:00 pm,”，故错误。D中“beside”与原文“opposite”不符，故错误。57.【答案】D【解析】细节题。由题干Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take 锁定关键词Getting to, visitors can take定位Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium这一部分。由“The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75.”得知D正确。58.【答案】B【解析】细节题。由题干“Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors”锁定关键词offers visitors 由Wheelchair Access可知B正确；A中没有提到“免费的”停车场；C、D原文未提到。59.【答案】C【解析】细节题。由题干“Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium “锁定关键词Tickets 定位于最后一段。C选项与”Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance“一致，A原文未提到”票都免费“， B 属于扭曲意思。原文是说”购买票后可以通过Email传过来“，而不是通过Email 买；D 文中未提到可以在售票厅打印票。BThe Brown BearMy wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back-the sign(迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod(三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling(扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards the forest, before returning for another attack-the first time I felt panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. Im proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.60. The brown bear approached the family in order to _ .A. catch shore birds B. start an attackC. protect the children D. set up a barrier for itself61. The bear finally went away after it _ .A. felt safe B. got injuredC. found some food D. took away the camera62. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their _ .A. pride B. patienceC. calmness D. cautiousness【分析】记叙文。父亲与熊搏斗。60.【答案】B【解析】细节题。由题干The brown bear approached the family in order to锁定关键词approached,定位原文第二段“The bear is right behind us!.This one was silent and its ears pinned back-the sign(迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill.” ，答案start an attack是对原文for the kill的同义改写。A、C、D三项原文均没有提及。61.【答案】A【解析】细节题。由题干went away，定位原文最后一段“Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off,”，答案felt safe 是对原文no further threat的同义改写。B、C、D三项原文没有提及。62.【答案】C【解析】推断题。选项单词为完型常考单词，用在这里，学生识别难度不大，但是本身题目在文章中没有固定答案出处。要结合父亲处理事情方式的细节描写，与熊搏斗的细节描写，原文最后一段“Im proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.”， 结合四个词的意思，选出正确答案。calmness译为冷静、镇静，是对原文remained clear-headed的同义替换。A选项译为骄傲；B选项译为耐心；D选项译为谨慎、小心，均不符合原文表述。CChoosing the Right ResolutionMillions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.To reach our goal of losing weight-the output, we need to control what we eat-the input(输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construct goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “Ill stop having dessert for lunch,” or “Ill walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.Recently a new science behind incentives(激励), including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryers conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be more effective because students do not know how to do better on an exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And its easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.If yo want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isnt a goal because its too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, dont stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.63. The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because .A. it is hard to achieve for most AmericansB. it is focused too much on the resultC. it is dependent on too many thingsD. it is based on actionable decisions64. In Roland Fryers research,