高三英语一轮复习 专项技法6 阅读理解之主旨大意课件 外研版.ppt

技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义 主旨要义型题目范围一般包括 短文标题 主题大意或段落大意等 此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点 概括中心思想 考生需要分析文章的篇章结构 抓住文章的开头或结尾 从而找出能概括文章的主题句 主题句的特点 1 语言特点 归纳性 概括性 抽象性 2 位置特点 主题句常出现在 总结性 语言的 信号词或短语 后 如 insummary inaword asaresult finally inshort inconclusion和inbrief等 主题句常出现在 转移话题式 语言的 信号词 后 如 but however nevertheless hence等 标题的语言特点 独特新颖 概括性强 短小精悍 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 一 主旨大意题主要的设题方式有 1 whichofthefollowingbestgivesthemainideaofthisnewspaperarticle 2 thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis 3 whatisthetopicofthetext 4 thetextismainlyabout 5 what sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph 6 whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 二 主旨大意题主要的解题策略有 1 抓住主题句 锁定文章主旨 找准主题句是关键 主题句通常在文章开头 而段落主题句有可能在一段的开头 也有可能在中间或末尾 在很多情况下 主题句如果在段首 其后可能有forexample first second等信息词 主题句如果在段末 其前可能有aboveall allinall等信息词 利用这些信息词 可以帮助你迅速找到主题句 一般来说 文章前三句所提供的信息能够让读者了解其大致内容 而读懂每段的第一句话则有助于掌握本段的主要内容 这样做的目的不仅在于可以迅速地把握全段的大意 更重要的是 在时间紧迫的情况下 可以对一段话进行缩读 略读和扫读 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 2 抓住段落大意 概括中心思想 寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的 各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想 不能以偏概全 也不能在概括时过于宽泛 要恰如其分 3 抓住主线和关键 归纳文章中心 分析的方法是 先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容 这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系 然后加以归纳形成主题 返回目录 例1 2013 浙江卷 节选 最后两段 amedium inadvertisingtalk isthewayyoucommunicateyourmessage youmightsaythatthefirstmediumusedinadvertisingwassignswithsymbols thesecondmediumwasaudio orsound althoughthattermisnotusedexactlyinthewayweuseittoday originally justthehumanvoiceandmaybesomekindofsimpleinstrument suchasabell wereusedtogetpeople sattention 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 acrier inthehistoricalsense isnotsomeonewhoweepseasily itissomeone probablyaman withavoiceloudenoughtobeheardovertheothernoisesofacity inancientegypt shopkeepersmighthiresuchapersontospreadthenewsabouttheirproducts oftenthisearliestformofadvertisinginvolvedanewlyarrivedshiploadedwithgoods perhapsthecrierdescribedthegoods explainedwheretheycamefrom andpraisedtheirquality hisjobwas inotherwords nottoodifferentfromatvorradiocommercialintoday sworld 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 问题 thelasttwoparagraphsaremainlyabout a thehistoryofadvertisingb thebenefitsofadvertisingc theearlyformsofadvertisingd thebasicdesignofadvertising 点睛 c段落大意题 从 amedium inadvertisingtalk isthewayyoucommunicateyourmessage 和 acrier inthehistoricalsense isnotsomeonewhoweepseasily 知 最后两段主要讨论了早期商业广告的模式 所以选c项 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 例2 2013 安徽卷 节选 argentinainthelatenineteenthcenturywasanexcitingplace around1870 itwasexperiencinganeconomic 经济的 boom andthecapital buenosaires attractedmanypeople farmers aswellasafloodofforeignersfromspainanditaly cametobuenosairesseekingjobs thesejobsdidn tpaywell andthepeoplefeltlonelyanddisappointedwiththeirnewlifeinthecity astheunhappynewcomersmixedtogetherinthepoorpartsofthecity thedanceknownasthetango 探戈舞 cameintobeing 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 atthebeginningthetangowasadanceofthelowerclasses itwasdancedinthebarsandstreets atthattimethereweremanyfewerwomenthanmen soifamandidn twanttobeleftout hisonlychoicewastodancewithanothermansothathecouldattracttheattentionofthefewavailablewomen gradually thedancespreadintotheupperclassesofargentineansocietyandbecamemorerespectable 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 ineuropeatthistime stronginterestindancefromaroundtheworldwasbeginning theinterestininternationaldancewasespeciallyevidentinparis everykindofdancefromballet 芭蕾舞 tobellydancingcouldbefoundonthestagesoftheparistheatres aftertangodancersfromargentinaarrivedineurope theybegantodrawtheinterestofthepublicastheyperformedtheirexcitingdanceincafes thoughnoteveryoneapprovedofthenewdance sayingitwasalittletooshocking thedancedidfindenoughsupporterstomakeitpopular 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 thepopularity 流行 ofthetangocontinuedtogrowinmanyotherpartsoftheworld soldierswhoreturnedtotheunitedstatesfromworldwar broughtthetangotonorthamerica itreachedjapanin1926 andin2003theargentineanembassyinseoulhiredalocaltangodancertoactasakindofdanceambassador andpromotetangodancingthroughoutsouthkorea 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 问题 whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext a howtodancethetangob thehistoryofthetangoc howtopromotethetangod themoderntangoboom 点睛 b主旨大意题 最佳标题也是主旨大意的一个部分 由文章内容可知 文章首段讲述了探戈的诞生 接着讲述了探戈的传播 也就是说 全文讲述的是探戈的历史 故选b项 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 活学活用 2013 广东卷 节选 somepeoplethinkthatsuccessisonlyforthosewithtalentorthosewhogrowupintherightfamily andothersbelievethatsuccessmostlycomesdowntoluck i mnotgoingtosayluck talent andcircumstancesdon tcomeintoplaybecausetheydo somepeoplearebornintotherightfamilywhileothersarebornwithgreatintelligence andthat sjusttherealityofhowlifeis 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 however tosucceedinlife onefirstneedstosetagoalandthengraduallymakeitmorepractical and inadditiontothat inordertogetreallygoodatsomething oneneedstospendatleast10 000hoursstudyingandpractising tobecomegreatatcertainthings it llrequireevenmoretime timethatmostpeoplewon tputin thisisabigreasonwhymanysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove ifyoudon tenjoywhatyoudo itisgoingtofeellikeunbearablepainandwilllikelymakeyouquitwellbeforeyoueverbecomegoodatit 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 whenyouseepeopleexhibitingsomegreatskillsorhavingachievedgreatsuccess youknowthattheyhaveputinahugepartoftheirlifetogetthereatahugecost it ssometimeseasytothinktheygotluckyortheywerebornwithsomeraretalent butthinkingthatwaydoesyounogood andthere sahugechancethatyou rewronganyway 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 whateveryoudo ifyouwanttobecomegreatatit youneedtoworkdayinanddayout almosttothepointofaddiction andoveralongperiodoftime ifyou renotwillingtoputinthetimeandwork don texpecttoreceiveanyrewards consistent hardworkwon tguaranteeyouthelevelofsuccessyoumaywant butitwillguaranteethatyouwillbecomereallygoodatwhateveritisyouputallthatworkinto 返回目录 技法6阅读理解技法之主旨大意 31 paragraph1mainlyta