人教新目标八上英语课程信息.doc

八上英语课程信息课程解读（Unit1） （1）一、学习目标： 1、知识目标：掌握本讲的词汇、短语和句型。2、能力目标：学习描述课余时间的活动安排，正确运用“做什么？” “多久做一次？”等重点句型。3、情感目标：合理安排自己的生活，养成健康的生活习惯。二、重点、难点：重点：掌握单词exercise, maybe, health, different，短语look after以及句型How often? 的用法。难点：对How often? 这一句型的准确理解和运用。三、知能提升： （一）重点单词 单词学习exercise【用法】作动词，意为“运动，锻炼”；作名词，意为“体育锻炼，运动”时，是不可数名词；意为“练习，操”时，是可数名词。【例句】1. He exercises three times a week. 2. Walking is good exercise.3. We do morning exercises every morning. 【考查点】在句子中是用作动词还是名词【易错点】作名词时对其可数与不可数的判断【考题链接】1. He is very strong because he often e .（根据句意及首字母完成单词）答案：exercises解题思路：exercise作动词时意为“运动，锻炼”。在这个句子中缺少的是谓语动词，主语是表示第三人称单数的he，所以用动词的第三人称单数形式，因此填exercises。2. Its good for us to do every day. A. eye exercise B. eye exercises C. eyes exercise D. eyes exercises答案：B解题思路：exercise作“体操，运动”讲时常为exercises，选项A、C被排除，在英语中用名词修饰名词时，前边的名词须用单数形式，故选B。maybe【用法】作副词，意为“很可能，大概”，相当于perhaps，常用于句首作状语。【例句】1. Maybe you are right. 2. Maybe he will come this afternoon.【考查点】maybe 与may be 的区别在may be中，may是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为“也许是、可能是”。【例句】1. I cant find my watch. It may be in your pocket.2. He may be a soldier. 【易错点】分不清是副词还是情态动词【考题链接】 2This woman his mother. A. maybe B. may be C. may is D. perhaps解题思路：maybe，perhaps意为“也许”，用作状语，本句缺少谓语，可排除A、D项；may意为“可能”，情态动词后需接动词原形，所以may is错误。故选B。句意为：这个女人也许是他的母亲。health与healthy【用法】health是一个不可数名词，意思是“健康（状况）”，常用于短语be in good (poor, bad) health表示“身体好（不好）”，keep in good health表示“保持身体健康”。healthy是health的形容词形式，意为“健康的”，是由名词health + y构成的形容词。常与keep构成短语keep healthy，意思是“保持健康”。healthy的反义词是unhealthy。【例句】1. He often comes home to see his mother, because she is in bad health. 2. Eating too much junk food is an unhealthy habit. 【考查点】在具体的语境中选用名词或形容词形式【易错点】名词与形容词混淆不清【考题链接】1. You shouldnt smoke. Its bad for your .A. health B. healthy C. healths D. healthies解题思路：health意为“健康”，是不可数名词，无复数形式，故C项为错误答案；而healthy是形容词，经常作表语或定语；D项healthies不存在，由句意“你不应该吸烟，它有害于你的健康。”可知本题正确答案为A。2. Good eating habits help you keep healthy. (同义句转换)Good eating habits help you .答案：keep in good health解题思路：keep healthy 意为“保持身体健康”，同义词组为keep in good health，但要注意两个词组中healthy和health的不同。所以填写keep in good health。same与different【用法】same指“相同的”，前面通常要有一个定冠词the，常构成短语the same as“与一样”；different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式，常构成短语be different from“与不同”。different 的名词是difference，是一个可数名词。【例句】1. We are in the same class. 2. His new bike is the same as mine. 3. We are in different classes. 4. This book is different from that one. 5. There are many differences between Chinese and English. 【考查点】the same as与be different from的固定搭配；名词difference的使用【易错点】different与difference混淆不清【考题链接】1. 我的想法和你的一样。My idea is yours. （完成句子）答案：the same as解题思路：the same as意为“与一样”，as后可接名词、代词或名词性物主代词。2. There are many (different) between the two books. （用所给词的正确形式填空）答案：differences解题思路：differences 句意为：两本书之间存在许多差别。many修饰可数名词的复数，因此要将different变为名词difference且加“s”。 3即学即练1. Jim never (exercise). Its bad for him. 2. My grandfather takes some exercise every morning. （写出同义句）My grandfather every morning. 3. he is a farmer. A. Maybe B. May be C. May4. I look after my and I am (health). 5. The way we learn English is quite different that we learn maths. A. from B. off C. between D. with 6. Most of my classmates dont like to talk with their parents, but I am them. I love to talk with my parents. A. the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with （二）重点短语 短语学习be good for【用法】be good for意为“对有好处，对有益”，后接表示人或事物的名词。它的反义短语为be bad for，意为“对有害处”。【例句】1. Reading books is good for you. 2. Vegetables are good for us. 3. Eating too much is bad for your health. 【考查点】be good for与be good at 的区别be good at 意为“擅长，在某方面干得好”，后接名词、代词或动名词。I am good at playing basketball. My good friend is good at Chinese. 【易错点】介词for与at的混淆【考题链接】1. Its good us to walk. A. at B. for C. to D. of解题思路：be good for是固定短语，意思是“对有益”。句意为：散步对我们有益处。所以选B。2. My friend Bill is good English. A. in B. on C. for D. at 解题思路：be good at 意思是“擅长，在某方面学得好”。句意为：我的朋友比尔英语学得好。所以选D。look after【用法】look after意为“照看，照顾”，相当于take care of。我们可以说look after sb. well或take good care of sb.。【例句】1. I have to look after my sister at home. 2. Please look after your baby well.= Please take good care of your baby. 【考查点】look和一些介词的搭配：look at, look for, look up, look like等。【易错点】在具体的语境中没弄懂这些固定短语的意思。【考题链接】My mother is ill, so I must her at home. A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up解题思路：look at意为“看”；look for意为“寻找”；look up 意为“抬头看；查（字典）”；look after意为“照顾，照料”，由句意“妈妈病了，因此我必须在家里照顾她。”可排除A、B、D三个选项。故答案选择C。即学即练 4.1. An apple a day is good your health. A. to B. of C. for D. in2. Mrs. Brown isnt here. She has to her baby at home. A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after（三）重点句型 句型学习How often do you watch TV?【用法】how often 用来询问动作的频率，即动作“多长时间发生一次”，回答可用once / twice / three times a day“一天一（两、三）次”，sometimes“有时”，never“从不”，very often“经常”等。【例句】1. How often do you read English books? Every day. 2. How often does he go to the movies? Twice a month. 【考查点】how often, how long, how far, how soon的辨析how long 主要用来提问多长时间。答语通常是表示一段时间的状语。例如：How long did you stay there? Two hours. how far“多远”，用于询问两地间的距离，答语要用表示距离的词语。例如：How far is it from here to the hospital? About ten minutes walk. how soon意为“多久以后”。 时态多用将来时或含有将来意义的其他形式，答语常用 in a week类短语。例如：How soon will you come back? In a week. 【易错点】没有真正掌握这几个疑问词的用法【考题链接】1. do you go to see a film?Sometimes. A. How long B. How often C. When D. How soon解题思路：how long 意为“多长时间”；how often意为“多久一次”；when意为“什么时候”；how soon意为“多久以后”；本句中答语为sometimes“有时”，表“频率”，可知本题答案为B。句意为：你多久看一次电影？有时。2. do you go to the library?I usually go to the library twice a week. A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How many 解题思路：how long表示“多长时间”，用来提问时间的长短，回答时用表示一段时间的状语；how often表示“多长时间一次”，用于询问在某短时间里动作的频率，回答时用表示频率的副词或短语。如：sometimes, often, never, once a week, every day等；how far用于提问距离；how many后接可数名词的复数表示“多少”，用于询问数量。所以本题选B。Good food and exercise help me to study better. 【用法】help sb. to do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，此处的动词不定式符号to可要可不要。同义词组为help sb. with sth.。【例句】1. Lucy often helps me learn English.= Lucy often helps me with my English.2. I often help my mother do the housework.=I often help my mother with the housework. 【考查点】help sb. (to) do sth. 与help sb. with sth. 的转换【易错点】不知道help后用动词的哪种形式【考题链接】Talking with native speakers helps me English better. 5.A. study B. studying C. studies D. studied解题思路：本题考查固定搭配的使用。help接动词不定式作宾语补足语，to可要可不要。答案选A。即学即练1. do you water the plants? Twice a day. A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much 2. He often helps me (do) some housework. （用所给动词的适当形式填空）预习导学 上册 Unit 2 Whats the matter?一、预习新知重点单词：advice, enjoy, a few/few, a little/little, with;重点短语：too much与much too, have a toothache(headache, cold等)；重点句型：1. Whats the matter? 2. Im sorry to hear that. 3. Its + adj. + to do sth. 4. I dont think 5. Im not feeling well. 二、预习点拨思考问题一：我们学过的with的用法有哪些？思考问题二：Whats the matter? 的同义句都有哪些？思考问题三：too much与much too分别修饰什么词?思考问题四：I think you are right. 怎样变为否定句?课程解读（Unit2）一、学习目标：1、知识目标：掌握本讲的词汇、短语和句型。2、能力目标：学会询问他人的身体状况；能够对他人身体的某种不适给予适当的建议。3、情感目标：学会关心他人，珍惜健康。二、重点、难点：重点：掌握单词advice, enjoy, a few/few，短语too much/much too以及句型Whats the matter? Im sorry to hear that. I dont think等的用法。难点：a few/few/a little/little的辨析；对句型Whats the matter? I dont think准确理解和运用。三、知能提升： （一）重点单 单词学习 with【用法】with 介词，意为“有；带有”；with还可以表示使用工具、手段等，意为“用”。【例句】1. She is a beautiful girl with long hair. 2. He cut the meat with a knife. 【考查点】with的用法【易错点】把with理解成动词【考题链接】Mary bought a house a small garden. She will move in next week.A. from B. with C. for D. has解题思路：with在此处表示“具有；带有”，句意为“玛丽买了一所带有一个小花园的房子。下周她将搬进去。”所以选B。 advice【用法】advice为不可数名词，意为“劝告；忠告；建议”，可用some, a piece of, pieces of等修饰。表示“有关的建议”，可后接介词on，再接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。 6.【例句】Mr. Green will give us some advice on how to learn English. 【考查点】不可数名词的量的表达【易错点】错把advice用作可数名词【考题链接】 He gave me some (advice).解题思路：advice是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式。some可以修饰可数名词的复数，也可以修饰不可数名词，所以填advice。 few/a few【用法】a few意为“一些，几个”，只能用来修饰可数名词的复数，与some同义，few也只用来修饰可数名词的复数，但表示否定含义，意思是“几乎没有”。【例句】1. He has a few friends. 2. He has few friends. 【考查点】few/ a few与little/a little的辨析a little只用来修饰不可数名词，意为“一些”，little也只用来修饰不可数名词，意为“几乎没有”，表示否定含义。I have a little money. I have little money. 【考题链接】There are apples in the bag. You can eat them.A. few B. a few C. little D. a littl解题思路：little, a little修饰不可数名词，few, a few修饰可数名词的复数，apples为可数名词的复数，故可排除C、D；few意为“几乎没有”表否定，a few意为“一些”表肯定，you can eat them说明袋子里还有些苹果，所以选择B。 enjoy【用法】enjoy意为“享受之乐，欣赏，喜爱”，它后面可以接名词、代词或动名词；enjoy还常用来与oneself搭配，意为“玩得愉快”，相当于have a good time。【例句】1. I enjoy reading. 2. I enjoyed myself in the zoo last Sunday. =I had a good time in the zoo last Sunday. 【考查点】enjoy doing sth.；enjoy oneself与have a good time的句型转换【考题链接】1. Many young people enjoy pop music. A. hearing B. listening to C. listen to D. to listen to 解题思路：enjoy + doing（动名词）表示“喜欢做”，所以排除C、D两项；hear指听的结果，译为“听见”；listen to强调听的动作和过程，译为“听”。故排除A，选择B。2. Lucy had a good time in the party yesterday evening. (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项 A. met a friend B. enjoyed herself C. went shopping D. got a present 解题思路：have a good time与enjoy oneself 同义，意为“玩得愉快”，故选B。即学即练1. My cousin is very busy with his work. He has time to read newspapers.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 2. Do you enjoy in China? A. live B. to live C. lived D. living 3. If you have a sore throat, you should drink some hot tea some honey. A. with B. in C. on D. has （二）重点短语短语学习 7. have a sore throat【用法】表示具有某种“病症；症状”，常用“have a +名词”表示，此时have没有进行时态。如果主语是第三人称单数时，have则要相应的变为has。【例句】1. He says he has a headache. 2. I have a bad cold. 【考查点】根据具体的语境选择病症【易错点】没有牢记表示病症的短语【考题链接】I have a . You should see a dentist. A. throat B. toothache C. cold D. fever解题思路：此题考查在情境中对词义的理解。dentist意为“牙医”，是治疗toothache的医生，故选B。 too much【用法】在too much中，too是副词，much是形容词“许多的，大量的”，too much则是“过于，太多”，作定语修饰不可数名词。【例句】1. I have too much homework to do. 2. Dont eat too much sugar. 【考查点】考查短语much too和too many的区别；much too的中心词是too，much修饰too，用来加强语气，意思为“太，非常，极其”等，后接形容词或副词；too many意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数。Its much too cold You gave me too many apples. 【易错点】在具体的语境中分辨不清这几个短语的用法【考题链接】Dont sit too close to the computer because light can harm your eyes. A. too many B. much too C. too much D. so many 解题思路：too much意为“太多”，可用来修饰不可数名词light，too many修饰可数名词的复数；much too不能用来修饰名词；so many修饰可数名词的复数。所以选C。即学即练1. I have a pain in my head today. (改为同义句)I today. 2. The meat is dear and eating meat is bad for your health. A. very much, many B. too many, many too C. much too, too much D. so much, quite3. In our school, students always have homework and exams. A. too many, too much B. too much, too many C. too much, too much D. too many, too many （三）重点句型句型学习 Whats the matter?【用法】（1）matter 作名词时，意为“事情，问题，情况”。（2）当看到某人心情沮丧，闷闷不乐，或是身体不舒服时，可使用本句询问对方，句中的matter前一定要加冠词the。意思是“困扰的事，麻烦事，故障”，后面常接介词with，再接“人”，也可接“物”。同义句为Whats wrong with sb./ sth.? 或 Whats the trouble? 【例句】1. Whats the matter with you? 2. Whats the matter with your computer? 【考查点】Whats the matter？的同义句以及答语Whats the matter with you? =Whats wrong with you? =Whats your trouble? 8.Whats the matter with your pen?=Whats wrong with your pen? There is something wrong with my watch. There is nothing wrong with your computer. 【易错点】matter前丢掉the，或wrong前加the。【考题链接】Whats with you? A. the trouble B. the matter C. the wrong D. matter解题思路：Whats the matter with you? =What s wrong with you? = Whats your trouble? 所以选B。 Im not feeling well. 【用法】此句用于回答Whats the matter ? 本句也可以写为I dont feel well。well在句中作形容词，用来指人的身体好。【例句】How are you? Im very well, thanks. 【考查点】well作形容词与作副词的用法；well还可作副词，用于修饰动词。My brother sings well.【易错点】分不清well是作形容词还是作副词【考题链接】Your sister is too young. You should look after her .A. good B. nice C. fine D. well解题思路：good, nice, fine都是形容词，经常作定语修饰名词，或作表语。而well既可作形容词表示“身体好”，也可作副词用来修饰动词，表示“某事做得好”。本句中look after为动词短语，所以只能用well来修饰表示“照顾好”。因此选D。 Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and its important to eat a balanced diet. 【用法】“Its +形容词（+for sb.）+ to do sth. ”，意思是“（对某人来说）做某事”。在这个句型中，it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。用于该句型中的形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important等。【例句】1. Its difficult for me to finish the work. 2. Its not easy to learn English well. 【考查点】熟记句型结构【易错点】应用to do形式作真正的主语【考题链接】It is not easy my homework this evening. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finishes答案：B解题思路：当不定式（短语）在句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起引导作用，本身无词义。构成“It is +形容词 +(for sb. )+ to do sth.”句型，这个句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, necessary等，用来描绘活动特点。所以选B。 I dont think Im improving. 【用法】I dont think是主句，其后是宾语从句。含有I think的宾语从句在变为否定句时要否定转移，即否定主句谓语动词think，后面的句子仍然用肯定形式。【例句】I dont think he is at home. 【考查点】变为否定句 9.【易错点】容易根据汉语式思维否定从句【考题链接】I think you have a healthy lifestyle. （改为否定句）I think you a healthy lifestyle. 解题思路：含有think的主从复合句变为否定时要否定转移。故填dont，have。 Im sorry to hear that youre not feeling well. 【用法】Im sorry to hear that意为“对听到的某种情况感到难过、抱歉、遗憾”，是对所听到的不幸的事表示一种同情。【例句】My mother is ill. I have to look after her at home. Im sorry to hear that. 【考查点】在具体语境中的应用【考题链接】I am often ill. _ A. I think so. B. Thats OK. C. Really? Thank you. D. I am sorry to hear that. 解题思路：I am often ill意思是“我经常生病”。在听到对方说不好的消息时，要说“I am sorry to hear that”表示同情。所以选D。A. I think so. 意为“我想如此”；B. Thats OK. 意为“没关系”，常用来回答感谢或道歉的；C. Really? Thank you. 意为“真的吗？谢谢”。即学即练1. Whats the matter with your bike? （改为同义句） with your bike? 2. How are you? Im not .A. feel well B. feel good C. feeling well D. feeling good 3. Its important eight hours a night.A. to sleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept 4. important for everyone to eat a balanced diet. A. Its B. Hes C. Theyre D. Thats 5. I have a bad cold. .A. No problem. B. Yes, you dont look well C. Im sorry to hear that. Youd better see a doctor. D. Thats OK. 6. I think he is an honest boy. （变为否定句）I think he an honest boy. 预习导学 上册Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?一、预习新知重点单词：spend, forget, decide, finish, send, show, leave等重点短语：go shopping(camping, swimming等)，something different重点句型：1. What are you doing for vacation? I am going sightseeing. 2. How long are you staying? 3. That sounds interesting/nice. 二、预习点拨思考问题一：forget to do与forget doing有什么区别？ 10.思考问题二：send/show sb. sth.的同义短语是什么？思考问题三：something different中的something是什么词?思考问题四：That sounds nice中的sound是什么词，与它同类的还有哪些词?课程解读（Unit3）一、学习目标：1、知识目标：掌握本讲的词汇、短语和句型。2、能力目标：a. 能够运用一般将来时谈论计划和打算；b. 熟练运用有关旅游度假的问答语。3、情感目标： 学会科学地制定计划，安排好假期的学习与生活。二、重点、难点：重点：单词send, show, finish, decide, forget; 短语something different；句型That sounds interesting/nice.难点：形容词修饰不定代词和“be + doing”表将来。三、知能提升（一）重点单词单词学习send【用法】send为及物动词，意为“发送，寄”。其过去式是sent。常用短语为send sb. sth. =send sth. to sb. “寄给某人某物”，当sb. 是人称代词的宾格（it, them）时，只能用send sth. to sb.。【例句】1. Please dont send me junk e-mails. 2. My mother asked me to send them to my friend. 【考查点】和send有相同用法的动词还有：show, lend, pass, give等。【考题链接】1. My best friend sent me a book yesterday.（同义句转换）My best friend sent me yesterday. 解题思路：send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 表示“把某物寄给某人”。2. A single room, please.OK. Will you please me your ID card?Sure. Here you are. A. send B. show C. sell D. serve解题思路：此题考查词义辨析。send意为“送，寄”；show意为“出示，显示”；sell意为“卖，出售”，serve意为“服务，招待”。由语境可知，应该是“出示”身份证，所以选B。leave【用法】leave作动词，意为“离开”，“leave for+地点”意为“前往某地”；“leave+地点+for+地点”意为“离开某地到另一地”。leave还可以表示“留下，遗忘，落下”。【例句】1. When did you leave home? 2. When will you leave for Shanghai? 3. I left my key at home this morning. 【考查点】leave在不同语境中的用法【易错点】没有识记结构【考题链接】1. She will leave Beijing Shanghai tomorrow. A. from B. to C. away D. for解题思路：leavefor意为“离开到”，leave for意为“前往”，所以前者中的for前接离开之地，其后接到达之地，后者中的for后接到达的地方。leave本意为“离开”，不能和away, from连用。to不能与leave搭配，所以答案选D。 11.2. He is careless that he always his school things at home. A. forgets B. forget C. leaves D. left解题思路：leave作“遗忘”讲，常构成短语leave sth. someplace意为“把某物落在某地”；forget不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用。主语是“he”，句中有always，谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数，故选C。forget【用法】forget作动词，意为“忘记”，其后可接名词或代词；反义词为remember。forget/