思科路由器配置 ISDN.doc

五、ISDN 1. 综合数字业务网（ISDN）综合数字业务网（ISDN）由数字电话和数据传输服务两部分组成，一般由电话局提供这种服务。ISDN的基本速率接口（BRI）服务提供2个B信道和1个D信道（2B+D）。BRI的B信道速率为64Kbps,用于传输用户数据。D信道的速率为16Kbps，主要传输控制信号。在北美和日本，ISDN的主速率接口（PRI）提供23个B信道和1个D信道，总速率可达1.544Mbps，其中D信道速率为64Kbps。而在欧洲、澳大利亚等国家，ISDN的PRI提供30个B信道和1个64Kbps D信道，总速率可达2.048Mbps。我国电话局所提供ISDN PRI为30B+D。2. 基本命令任务 命令 设置ISDN交换类型 isdn switch-type switch-type1 接口设置 interface bri 0 设置PPP封装 encapsulation ppp 设置协议地址与电话号码的映射 dialer map protocol next-hop-address name hostname broadcast dial-string 启动PPP多连接 ppp multilink 设置启动另一个B通道的阈值 dialer load-threshold load 显示ISDN有关信息 show isdn active | history | memory | services | status dsl | interface-type number | timers 注：1.交换机类型如下表,国内交换机一般为basic-net3。 按区域分关键字 交换机类型 Australia basic-ts013 Australian TS013 switches Europe basic-1tr6 German 1TR6 ISDN switches basic-nwnet3 Norway NET3 switches (phase 1) basic-net3 NET3 ISDN switches (UK, Denmark, and other nations); covers the Euro-ISDN E-DSS1 signalling system primary-net5 NET5 switches (UK and Europe) vn2 French VN2 ISDN switches vn3 French VN3 ISDN switches Japan ntt Japanese NTT ISDN switches primary-ntt Japanese ISDN PRI switches North America basic-5ess AT&T basic rate switches basic-dms100 NT DMS-100 basic rate switches basic-ni1 National ISDN-1 switches primary-4ess AT&T 4ESS switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only) primary-5ess AT&T 5ESS switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only) primary-dms100 NT DMS-100 switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only) New Zealand basic-nznet3 New Zealand Net3 switches 3. ISDN实现DDR（dial-on-demand routing）实例:设置如下：Router1:hostname router1 user router2 password cisco ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! interface bri 0 ip address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer map ip 192.200.10.2 name router2 572 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp multilink dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap ！ dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! Router2: hostname router2 user router1 password cisco ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! interface bri 0 ip address 192.200.10.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer map ip 192.200.10.1 name router1 571 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp multilink dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap ！ dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !Cisco路由器同时支持回拨功能，我们将路由器Router1作为Callback Server,Router2作为Callback Client。与回拨相关命令: 任务 命令 映射协议地址和电话号码，并在接口上使用在全局模式下定义的PPP回拨的映射类别。 dialer map protocol address name hostname class classname dial-string 设置接口支持PPP回拨 ppp callback accept 在全局模式下为PPP回拨设置映射类别 map-class dialer classname 通过查找注册在dialer map里的主机名来决定回拨. dialer callback-server username 设置接口要求PPP回拨 ppp callback request 设置如下：Router1:hostname router1 user router2 password cisco ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! interface bri 0 ip address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer map ip 192.200.10.2 name router2 class s3 572 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp callback accept ppp multilink dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap ！ map-class dialer s3 dialer callback-server username dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! Router2: hostname router2 user router1 password cisco ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! interface bri 0 ip address 192.200.10.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer map ip 192.200.10.1 name router1 571 dialer load-threshold 80 ppp callback request ppp multilink dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap ！ dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! 相关调试命令： debug dialer debug isdn event debug isdn q921 debug isdn q931 debug ppp authentication debug ppp error debug ppp negotiation debug ppp packet show dialer show isdn status 举例:执行debug dialer命令观察router2呼叫router1,router1回拨router2的过程. router1#debug dialer router2#ping 192.200.10.1 router1# 00:03:50: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up 00:03:50: BRI0:1:PPP callback Callback server starting to router2 572 00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting call 00:03:50: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to down 00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting call 00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting call 00:03:51: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:2, changed state to up 00:03:52: callback to router2 already started 00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting call 00:03:52: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:2, changed state to down 00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting call 00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting call 00:04:05: : Callback timer expired 00:04:05: BRI0:beginning callback to router2 572 00:04:05: BRI0: Attempting to dial 572 00:04:05: Freeing callback to router2 572 00:04:05: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up 00:04:05: BRI0:1: No callback negotiated 00:04:05: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up 00:04:05: dialer Protocol up for Vi1 00:04:06: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up 00:04:06: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, chang ed state to up 00:04:11: %ISDN-6-CONNECT: Interface BRI0:1 is now connected to 572 #router1 4. ISDN访问首都在线263网实例: 本地局部网地址为10.0.0.0/24,属于保留地址，通过NAT地址翻译功能，局域网用户可以通过ISDN上263网访问Internet。263的ISDN电话号码为2633，用户为263，口令为263，所涉及的命令如下表：任务 命令 指定接口通过PPP/IPCP地址协商获得IP地址 ip address negotiated 指定内部和外部端口 ip nat inside | outside 使用ppp/pap作认证 ppp authentication pap callin 指定接口属于拨号组1 dialer-group 1 定义拨号组1允许所有IP协议 dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit 设定拨号，号码为2633 dialer string 2633 设定登录263的用户名和口令 ppp pap sent-username 263 password 263 设定默认路由 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 bri 0 设定符合访问列表2的所有源地址被翻译为bri 0所拥有的地址 ip nat inside source list 2 interface bri 0 overload 设定访问列表2，允许所有协议 access-list 2 permit any 具体配置如下：hostname Cisco2503 ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! ip subnet-zero no ip domain-lookup ip routing ! interface Ethernet 0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside no shutdown ! interface Serial 0 shutdown no description no ip address ! interface Serial 1 shutdown no description no ip address ! interface bri 0 ip address negotiated ip nat outside encapsulation ppp ppp authentication pap callin ppp multilink dialer-group 1 dialer hold-queue 10 dialer string 2633 dialer idle-timeout 120 ppp pap sent-username 263 password 263 no cdp enable no ip split-horizon no shutdown ! ip classless ! ! Static Routes ! ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 bri 0 ! ! Access Control List 2 ! access-list 2 permit any ! dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! ! Dynamic NAT ! ip nat inside source list 2 interface bri 0 overload snmp-server community public ro ! line console 0 exec-timeout 0 0 ! line vty 0 4 ! end 5. Cisco765M通过ISDN拨号上263由于Cisco765的设置命令与我们常用的Cisco路由器的命令不同，所以以下列举了通过Cisco765上263访问Internet的具体命令行设置步骤。 set system c765c765 set multidestination onc765 set switch net3c765 set ppp multilink onc765 cd lanc765:LAN set ip routing onc765:LAN set ip address 10.0.0.1c765:LAN set ip netmask 255.0.0.0c765:LAN set briding offc765:LANcdc765 set user remotenetNew user remotenet being createdc765:remotenet set ip routing onc765:remotenet set bridging offc765:remotenet set ip framing nonec765:remotenet set ppp clientname 263c765:remotenet set ppp password clientEnter new Password: 263Re-Type new Password: 263c765:remotenet set ppp authentication out nonec765:remotenet set ip address 0.0.0.0c765:remotenet set ip netmask 0.0.0.0c765:remotenet set ppp