对小学低年级语文教学的建议

balanced and run the satisfaction of the people education. Room XX City Bureau of educational supervision of XX municipality May 6, 2016 County economic information and Business Council System Committee two learn a do learning arrangements specific programme for advance full strictly rule party, according to County Organization Department on County two learn a do learning arrangements of specific programme and I Board learning education implementation programme spirit, according to distinguish level, and has targeted solution problem of requirements, ensure learning education made effectiveness, promote all members consciously respected Constitution, and comply with party rules, with XI General Secretary series important speech spirit armed mind, and guide practice, and Promote the work and be qualified party members and learning arrangements are hereby makes the following specific programmes. Learning requirements, on all party members to study the party Constitution and party rules and unify the XI series of important speech, General Secretary, speech learning series to deepen understanding of the Constitution Party rules, Constitution Party rules in the deep insight series address the basic spirit and practical requirements. 1. Constitution Party rules. Learning of the party Constitution, a deep understanding of the partys nature, purpose, guiding principles, goals, organization, good style, grasp conditions, rights and obligations of party members, bearing in mind that oath, clear qualified party member criteria and conditions. Learning the code of self-discipline of the CPC, the CPCs disciplinary regulations, the Chinese Communist Party Member Rights Ordinance and so on, mastering self-discipline standards of four must, the four upholdings, mastering various types of disciplinary offence and punishment provisions. 2. series spoke. To XI General Secretary series important speech reading (2016 version) and out poverty for basic textbook, learning understand XI General Secretary series important speech of basic spirit, learning understand Central ruling acting political new concept new thought new strategy of basic content, learning understand XI General Secretary in Fujian work during advocate of four grassroots immediately on do drop weak bird first fly and the in Nanping research study proposed of gravity Xia moved, and innovation mechanism, important thought, Master and strengthen the party spirit, fulfills the purpose ideas, moral character, conservation related to the basic requirements. Main understand master following aspects content: (1) ideal faith is Communists spirit Shang of calcium, set right of worldview, and Outlook on life, and values; (2) China dream is national of dream, and national of dream, and people of dream, is Chinese modern yilai most great of dream, core Essentials is national prosperity, and national revitalization, and people happiness; (3) China features Socialist is achieved Chinese great revival of way, enhanced road confidence, and theory confidence, and system confidence; (4) four a full Strategy layout is new of history conditions Xia party ruling acting political total strategy, consciously with four a full led the work; (5) insisted innovation, and coordination, and green, and open, and shared development is relationship China development global of one deep change, according to new development concept do job; (6) practice line Socialist core values, promote Socialist thought moral and Chinese traditional virtue对小学低年级语文教学的建议“第一届全国小学语文汉语拼音与识字教学观摩研讨活动” 于2011年9月21至 9月23日在广东省广州市举行。 全国小语会理事长崔峦老师在会议上作了对小学低年级语文教学改革的思考的报告。崔峦老师分析了目前语文教学中存在的主要问题，特别指出“我们的课程教学改革必须从一年级抓起，眼下最重要的是要努力提高课堂教学的实效性。”针对目前语文教学的现状，崔峦老师给全国的低段小学语文教师提出了十条建议。第一，进行全面的语文启蒙教育，学习做人，学习语文。在学习语文方面，低年级，要以识字写字为重点，为学生全面打牢识字教学的基础。要求如下：1用普通话正确朗读课文。2能用适当的方法理解重点词句，培养一定的语感。3积累语言，能运用丰富的词汇表情达意。4养成良好的语文学习习惯，如查字典的习惯等。5养成良好的写字习惯，掌握正确的写字姿势。字要写得端正整洁。6在生活中养成自主识字的习惯。注意听讲，爱发言，爱提问的习惯。第二，根据课标规定的汉语拼音的功能，认真进行汉语拼音的教学。新课标适当降低拼音教学要求：能读准声母韵母声调和整体认读音节。能准确拼读音节。能正确书写抄写声母韵母和音节，认识大写字母，熟记汉语拼音字母表。除此之外，没有必要再提高要求。课标也没有说明要默写。请特别关注：1拼音教学重点是准确，进而熟练的拼读音节。2降低书写要求，只要求抄写，不要求默写。3教学生学会查字典。熟记汉语拼音字母表。4加强拼音的运用。要与说普通话，与生活实际相结合。5要利用拼音，读准音。把握变调，轻声，儿化等，随时纠正地方音。6关注拼音在实际生活中的运用。关注广告牌，餐牌等生活中随处可见的字。第三，坚决落实以识字写字为重点。学生做到主动识，记得牢，写得好。识字写字是阅读教学的基础。是第一学段的重点，也是贯穿整个义务教育阶段的重要教学内容。识字写字方面，在第一学段里面，量的要求适当降低，但是质的要求进一步强。1量的指标表现在认写分开的做法。其目的在于便于直接进行汉字的阅读。减少写字，打好写字基础，减轻学生的学习负担。2质的指标表现在能借助汉语拼音认读汉字。掌握汉字的基本笔画和常用的偏旁部首。3掌握笔顺规则，熟悉间架结构。4学会音序、部首两种方法查字典。5学习独立识写字，有主动识字写字的愿望。6写字姿势正确，养成良好的写字习惯。质的要求还体现在：要求认识的字，希望能整体识记，给学生第一次见面时加强刺激，使学生对生字的第一印象既深刻又生动形象。在指导学生识字的时候，不宜过细的分析字形。把字放在词，短语，句子当中，这样学生更容易读出字音。要求学生复认。在教学过程中，低年级的识字，整体认记是要求，抓住构字特点，要鼓励学生用自己创造的办法来记忆。我们可以借用情境，动作，图像，鼓励学生进行体验式的学习。当堂识字和刚不久前识的字，要采取多种方法复习巩固。同时，识字教学还要有趣，可以通过儿歌，游戏等加以巩固。随着儿童识字量的增多，我们老师要经常做字词辨析的工作：多音字，近义词，反义词等，要防止学生写错别字，防止在写字和表达中用词不当。我们要经常做这样的工作。学过的字，要放入句子中，多做防患于未然的工作，少做亡羊补牢的工作。因为写错的字，纠正起来，要多花几倍的功夫。在写字方面，我们要按照识字规律来教写字，指导写独体字时，要让学生掌握笔画笔顺，关注主笔的占位。而合体字的教学，要注意部首、比例、占位、相邻部位的交叉等。老师的指导要到位，范写要秀美。课堂上，要讲究质量。一般练习书写不要超过三个，但要求孩子做到一个比一个写得好。在每天的语文课中，至少安排10分钟的时间给学生写字。这是课标新提出的要求：随堂练习，天天练习。而随着要求会写的字组成的字越来越多，建议多写词，少写字。养成正确的写字姿势和良好的写字习惯。关于这一点，课标修订版，从第一学段一直讲到第四学段。也就是从一年级抓到初中。可见问题的严重，也表明了课改中心的改变决心。第四，鼓励学生做识字的有心人，养成在生活中主动识字的习惯。在识字方面鼓励孩子做有心人：一是提倡在生活中主动识字；二是老师要加强引导；三是要给学生展示和交流的机会；四是要坚持，不断鼓励。因为，孩子的课外自主识字会给我们意想不到的惊喜。识字有取之不尽的资源，有得天独厚的条件。关键是要充分调动学生识字的主动性。将识字放在语言环境中会比较容易认，记忆。同时，引导孩子在活动、游戏、生活、各科学习中，有意无意的识字。第五，低年级朗读训练的重点是读正确，把握语感。低年级重点是读正确，帮助学生建立初步的语感。重点是用普通话正确朗读课文。指标有：读准每个字的字音，读准轻声，儿化，变调，不读地方音。不加字减字，不回读。读出长句子中的停顿，读出诗歌的节奏韵律和语感。在此基础上，再培养孩子读出感情，用上不同的语气。此外，还要教会孩子默读，边读边想，从文中提炼关键信息。事实上，重朗读，轻默读的现象普遍存在。所以，在重视朗读的过程中，要让学生潜心默读，边读边想边批注。因为默读是一个非常重要的技能，比朗读的用处更大。还应该注意的是阅读理解的重点是字词句而不是整篇课文内容。在培养理解能力方面，应抓好：1了解课文中少量重点词句的意思。在这过程中，渗透理解词句的方法。2积累语言。包括好词佳句或优秀的诗文。3学习借助图画阅读，这是一种很好的阅读策略。做到在图文之间，相互转换。读文能想象画面，读画能构建文字。4诵读诗歌，展开想象。5读后能提出自己的问题。总之，培养孩子的理解能力，初步感知。不宜用课文分析的方法来教。第六，培养阅读乐趣，学习读图读书。西方的儿童6-9个月开始阅读，4岁以后，进入独立大量阅读阶段。其中重要的是读图。阅读要从读图开始。怎么读？读什么？1读课本里、实物中、生活中的图画。读出图意，感受情趣，并变成语言和文字。2读课文，感受阅读的乐趣。这比理解课文重要的多。3读好教科书，指导学生读绘本，讲绘本。学会将图画和文字结合，表情达意。实现儿童课程的阅读化，常态化。阅读能提高学生的学习力；阅读是学生学习的核心，每科的知识，都需要阅读做支撑。给孩子读书是一种很好的方法，这是终身享用的最佳礼物。第七，培养学生喜欢表达，乐于交流。教学生倾听别人的说话，知道别人讲的是什么。有问题敢问，有疑问敢说，有表达的欲望。能复述故事，能讲述见闻，在交谈和讨论中乐于发表自己的意见。我们要积极创造沟通表达的条件，建议：1采取多种形式，锻炼学生的陈述和应对的本领。2重视培养学生聆听的能力，这完全可以和写结合起来。3听写，可以是几个词几个词，一个句一个句的听写。4要求学生把每个句子听完三遍才写。听内容，先讲什么再讲什么，第三遍时注意标点。这对培养孩子的学习力很重要。有些小孩不会听课，听的过程中又抓不住要点，记又记不牢，所以出现了差距。第八，培养学生写句子写话，写感受，写想象中的事物。可以给孩子准备笔记本，让他们每天写一句话，或是画一幅图再配上一句话。也可采取日记漂流的形式，培养学生写简单的日记，一周轮上一回。第九，利用母语学习得天独厚的条件，进行体验式学习。比如，在生活中学习，游戏中学习，在观察中学习，在参加社区活动中学习，在各种体验活动中学习。参观之后，尽情发表自己的想法。我们要多组织活动，让孩子有机会发表自己的感受。第十，落实良好学习习惯的培养。我们要重视培养孩子的基础，培养孩子注意倾听的习惯，讲普通话的习惯，正确的写字姿势和良好的学习习惯，主动识字的习惯，爱问问题的习惯，天天阅读的习惯，查字典的习惯。天天阅读。在枕边放书，不读上几页就不习惯。亲子共读。爱护图书的习惯。要从一点一滴严格训练，扎实培养。崔峦老师的十点建议指明了教学研究的动向，让低年级语文老师更有底气做好“塔基”工作，更有信心展现教学成果。本实验的教学目的是使学生在了解与掌握物联网基本架构、物联网关键技术以及物联网发展现状的基础上，通过对物联网在诸多典型领域应用的深度学习与分析总结，使学生对物联网的应用有真实全面的认识full strictly rule party is all members common responsibility, must implementation to each branch and each name members. 3 . Play a vanguard and exemplary role in life. Keep to the correct political orientation, political sensitivity and political judgment, dare to fight against all kinds of wrong thought, wrong words and deeds. (2) firmly establish consciousness of the party, the party members consciousness. Focus on some party members sense of organization and discipline, they do not participate in the Organization, is not required to pay membership dues for a long time, do not play a vanguard and exemplary role, some dont even mention membership, fail to make a distinction between right and wrong, failing to observe political discipline and rules, and so on. Always keep in mind that he is a Communist, strengthen party spirit, listening party, party, party, party, party party guarding party, at the party, the party for the party. (3) strengthening the consciousness of the partys purpose. Focus on peoples conception of some party members, lack of sense of service, do not care for the masses did not take the initiative, and some even hurt public interests, job, excellent thick friends, eating, and so on. Bearing in mind the fundamental purpose of serving, top people at heart, close ties with the masses, be kind to people, dedicated to public service and play a part in poverty relief, with practical actions to win the trust and support of the masses. (4) actively practicing the Socialist core values. Focus on do not observe stringent members, knowledge out of devotion, talk about ethics, good faith is not enough, and some even value distortions, moral misconduct, sexy vulgar, materialistic, and so on. Strengthening moral cultivation, Zonta for good, pay attention to self-discipline, spiritual pursuit, to internalize the core values into conscious action, with exemplary behavior influence and lead people. (5) set up in the practice of promoting reform, development and stability. Focus on some party members with the status quo, a less aggressive mood, depressed, saying sluggish again, just to get by not seeking guodeying, some even perfunctory address, evading responsibility and other issues. Actively adapt to the economic development of the new normal, seriously implement the new development philosophy, hard work hard work hard, based on their own dedication. Second, on the Council of the section-level cadres above requirements section above party cadres to take the lead in the education