新视野第2版第3册UNIT 2教案.doc

Unit 2 Section A Iron and the Effects of ExerciseI. Warm-up Activity1. Topic Discussion i. Students Discussion 1) What is the speakers problem with exercise? He feels tired when he exercises too much and he also feels guilty because no matter how much he exercises he feels its not enough.2) What are the suggestions the exercise experts gave to the speaker? 1) Exercise three times a week for at least 20 minutes at a time. 2) Do exercises that work the large muscle groups like walking. 3) Use “lifestyle” exercise3) Do you have any exercise problems open-ended. ii. Teachers Summary Exercise three times a week for at least 20 minutes at a time. Choose moderate-intensity exercises when possible. They are best for a avoiding injury and burnout. Do exercises that work the large muscle groups like walking. Using “lifestyle” exercises in the program also makes the program easier to maintain. Lifestyle exercises include bicycling, climbing stairs, swimming, and brisk walking. These exercises work.2. Questions on the Topic and the Passage1) If a woman suffers from iron deficiency, what can she do to bounce back? Consume additional meat or take iron supplements.2) Why are women of childbearing age more likely to suffer from iron deficiency? Because they have a monthly bleeding.3) How does exercise cause iron deficiency? Through a variety of mechanisms. For example, some iron is lost in sweat, and intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with the bleeding of the digestive system.4) How many stages does iron deficiency go through? Three. 5) What does it means when you are in the third stage of iron deficiency?You are in trouble. Your iron reserves go to zero and you may feel weak, tired and out of breath.II. Background Information1. Purdue University is a coeducational, state-assisted university in Indianan, US. Founded in 1869 and named after benefactor John Purdue, the university is one of the nations leading research institutions with a reputation of excellent and affordable educations. Building upon historical strengths in engineering and agriculture, the West Lafayette campus of the university currently offers 7,400 courses, in more than 500 undergraduate majors and specializations in the schools of Agriculture, Consumer and Family Sciences, Educations, Engineering, Health Sciences, Liberal Arts, Management, Nursing, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science, Technology, and veterinary Medicine. Programs of graduate study and research leading to advanced degrees fall under the jurisdiction of the Graduate School. .III. Text Structure AnalysisThe essay can be structurally divided into three parts.Part One (Para. 1-3) The central topic is that exercise, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. A new study is cited to support the topic.Part Two (Para. 4-6) Paragraph 4 tells us that iron deficiency is very common among women and states the general causes for it. Paragraph 5 deals with one specific cause: the average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance for iron and any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency. Paragraph 6 deals with another specific cause: Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms.Part Three (Para. 7-12) Para. 7 and 8 tell us there are three stages of iron deficiency and that if youre I stage 3, it means your iron reserves have gone to zero and youre in trouble. Para. 9 recommends one way to check the amount of iron stored in the book. Para. 10 and 12 suggest specific ways to correct iron deficiency in the blood. .IV. Structured WritingA General Statement Followed by DetailsThis is an essay that deals with the relationship between iron deficiency and physical exercise. The write combines many different writing techniques to bring out the theme: iron deficiency and physical exercise are closely related and we need to take proper measures to correct iron deficiency. One of the major writing techniques is cause and effect. Now lets have a look at Para. 4. Effect: Iron deficiency is very common among women in general. Supporting details: Cause 1: Too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in.Cause 2: Women of childbearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss. Causes 3: Many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat, wiich contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.Causes 4: Women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight; they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency. V. Words & Phrases Study1 endurance n. the ability to continue doing sth. difficult or painful over a long period of time忍耐；忍耐力The long climb tested our powers of endurance. 长时间的攀登考验了我们的耐力。He was provoked beyond endurance. 他被激得怒不可遏扩展 endure v. 忍受，容忍2 moderate a. 1) neither very big nor very small in amount, quality, degree, etc. 中等的，适度的You see, the shipping cost is quite moderate. 您看，货运费并不很高。Ten years of working in the company and saving money enabled him to afford a house of moderate size.在公司工作了10年，又存了钱，他有能力买一栋中等大小的房子。 2) reasonable and avoiding extreme pinions or actions 温和的，不极端的He is a person who is politically moderate. 他在政治上很稳健。I dont like extremists; I like those who hold moderate views.我不喜欢极端分子；我喜欢那些政治观点温和的人。扩展 moderate v. 使缓和 e.g. The wind is moderating. 风势渐渐缓和。His wife exercises a moderating influence upon him.他的妻子对他有一种缓和作用。3 evidencen. facts or physical sings that help prove sth.迹象；证据He is assembling evidence concerning a murder. 他在收集一宗谋杀案的证据。Theyve destroyed all the evidence. 他们毁掉了所有的证据。4 formerly ad. in an earlier times以前；从前Formerly he worked in a factory, but now he is a teacher.他先前在工厂工作，现在是一名教师。Paul was formerly one of our best salesman, but recently he has begun to lose his grip. 保罗以前是我们最好的推销员,但最近已开始失去应付事务的能力。5 consumevt. 1) eat or drink吃，喝The kids soon consumed all the food on the table.孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。It is preferable to consume it immediately. 最好马上就吃掉。 2) use sth., esp. in large amounts消耗，花费He consumed much time and energy in writing this book.他写这本书花费了大量的时间和精力。Arguing consumed many hours of the committees time.争论浪费了委员会很多时间。扩展 consumption n. 消耗6 supplementn. sth. extra that is added to make sth. better增补物，补充物I take supplements regularly and do exercises every day.我经常服用补剂并每天锻炼The money I get from teaching the piano is a useful supplement to my ordinary income. 我教钢琴挣的钱是一笔很管用的外快.vt. add sth. extra in order to improve sth.增补，补充She gives private lessons to supplement her income. 她给私人授课以贴补收入In the busy holiday season, extra buses are provided to supplement the existing service.在繁忙的度假季节，会增开汽车以补充现有服务。7 bouncev. (cause sth. to) spring back when hitting sth. hard (使)弹回；（使）反弹She bounced the ball once or twice before serving.她发球前把球弹了一两下。Children like bouncing up and down on a sofa.孩子们喜欢在沙发上蹦蹦跳跳。Small children often catch diseases, but they soon bounce back. 小孩容易得病，但恢复得也快。8 respectivelyad. separately in the order mentioned 分别地，各自地In the 200 meters, Lisa and Rose came in first and third respectively.在200米赛跑中，莉萨和罗斯分别取得了第一名和第三名。 German and Italian language courses are held in Munich and Rome respectively.德语课和意大利语课分别在慕尼黑和罗马开设。9 ration. the relationship between two groups or amounts, which expresses how much bigger one is than the other比率，比例The ratio of boys to girls in this class is one to three. 这班的男女生比例是一比三。There is a ratio of two boys to three girls in the club.这个俱乐部里男孩和女孩的比例是二比三。扩展 the ratio of A to B the ratio between A and B10 childbearingn. U the process of being pregnant and giving birth to a baby 生孩子；生育Those women of child-bearing age who weigh less than 40 kilograms may pass their malnutrition on to their infants.体重不超过40公斤的育龄妇女可能将其营养不良带给自己的婴儿。 For most women, working and childbearing are alternatives, at least for a few years.对于大多数女性来说，至少在几年内，工作和生育是个两难的选择。11 plusconj. used to add more information 并且，而且 Plus, the girl didnt care whether he was rich or not.况且，那姑娘不在乎他是否有钱。 Plus, he was a father of three little children.此外，他还是三个幼小的孩子的父亲。 prep. used when one number is added to another 加 Nine plus nine equals eighteen.9加9等于18。Pay back the capital (principal) plus interest 还本付息Every man and his dog, plus wives, kids and grandparents, have turned out to study the strangers and I feel conspicuously pink! 岛上所有的男人和他们的狗，加上媳妇、娃娃、老头老太太们，都出来围观我们这些陌生人，我感到很不自在!12 absorbvt.1) take in a gas, liquid, etc. 吸收absorb moisture from the air 从空中吸收水分The walls of the house absorb heat during the day. 房屋的墙壁白天吸热absorb(ideas, knowledge, etc)in the mind 吸收(思想,知识等)2) hold sb.s attention completely or interest sb. greatly 吸引.的注意力；使.感兴趣The game absorbed the childrens attention.游戏吸引了孩子们的注意力。 The movement and noise of the machines absorbed him completely.这些机器的运转和声音完全吸引了他的注意力。His whole soul is absorbed in saving his country.他一心扑在拯救祖国的事业上。13 restrictvt.limit the size or amount of sth. 限制；控制 We had to restrict the number of students on this course.我们必须限制这门课程的选修人数。The trees restrict our view. 这些树局限了我们的视野Speed is restricted to 30 mph in towns.市内车速每小时不得超过30英里.To restrict oneself to two cigarettes a day 限制每天吸两枝香烟扩展 to restrict the freedom of. 束缚限制的自由14 liablea. 1). ( to do sth.) likely to do sth. bad or unpleasant 易出问题的；易做坏事的They are liable to run off with your money.他们有卷款而走的倾向。A feeble attempt is liable to fail.愚蠢的尝试多半是要失败的。2) ( to sth.) likely to suffer from sth. unpleasant 易遭受.的Are these vases liable to custom duties ? 这些花瓶要付海关税吗 One who works under the hot sun is liable to sunstroke 在炎热的阳光底下工作很容易引起中暑。15 allowancen. C an amount of sth. that is allowed in particular circumstances 限额，定量Youll have to pay extra money if you exceed your luggage allowance.如果你行李超重的话，就必须额外交费。Youre within the duty-free allowance.你所带的东西没超过免税限额The free allowance for luggage is 30 kilos.免费行李限重30公斤he child has a weekly allowance of five dollars.这孩子每星期有五元零用钱16 digestv. 1). change what sb. has eaten into substances that the body needs 消化Some girls cant digest fat.有些女孩子吃肥肉不消化。Cheese doesnt digest easily, so its advisable not to have too much of it.奶酪不易消化，因此最好不要吃得太多。2) understand information, esp. when there is a lot of it or it is difficult to understand 领会；理解It took me some time to digest what I had heard.我花了一些时间才把听到的东西弄明白。 They learn well but seem to need time to digest information.他们学得不错，但好像需要时间对信息进行消化吸收。17 digestivea. relating to digestion 消化的This oil is very good for regulating digestive disorders.这种油对消化不良很有疗效。He has suffered from a disorder of the digestive system.他已患消化系统失调。18 impactn. C an effect or influence 影响；作用The computer has had a great impact on modern life.计算机对现代生活产生了重大影响。 The impact of the changes brought about by modern technology has not yet fully been felt.现代技术所带来的变化尚未被充分认识。扩展have an impact on / upon. 对有影响19 vesseln. 1) C a tube that carries blood through the body, or carries liquid through a plant 血管；脉管The surgeon tied off each bleeding vessel individually. 外科医生把血管一根一根地结扎起来。He had broken a blood vessel in a race.在一次赛跑中，他的一根血管破裂了。2) C a large boat or ship 船；舰The Port of Shanghai is filled with vessels of various kinds.上海港停满了各种各样的船只。The vessel steamed into the harbor. 轮船驶进了港口。20 leak v. (cause to) get out or in through a hole or crack （使）漏；（使）渗The oil is leaking out from the crankcase.油已从曲轴箱中漏出来The tank is leaking petrol.这个桶在漏汽油。The roof leaks whenever it rains.每逢下雨屋顶就漏雨The news has leaked.消息已泄漏了n. C a hole or crack through which liquid or gas can come in or out 漏洞；裂缝 Theres a leak in the gasoline tank. 汽油箱有个裂缝。The boat has sprung a leak and been filled with water.船有一个裂缝，进满了水。扩展A little leak will sink a great ship. 千里之堤,溃于蚁穴21 typicala. like most things of the same type 典型的；有代表性的Youre really the typical absent-minded professor.你真是典型的心不在焉的教授先生。This sort of hot food is very typical of the food in the south.这种辣味食品是南方非常典型的食品。 22 typicallyad. 1) usually 通常；一般I typically get 30 mails a day.通常情况下，我一天有30封邮件。 Typically it is the girls who offer to help, not the boys.一般都是女孩子主动帮助别人，不是男孩子。2) in a typical manner 典型地；有代表性地I have cooked a typically English dish this evening.今晚我做了典型的英国菜。He greeted me with typically American hospitality.他以美国人特有的热情迎接我。23 moleculen. C 分子 binuclear molecule双核分子 This happens due to the collisions between the molecules.这种现象是分子间相互冲撞的结果。24 protein n. C, U 蛋白质 a high protein diet高蛋白食物 Fish was a major source of protein for the workmen.对这些工人来说，鱼是蛋白质的主要来源。25 calculatev. 1) work out a number or amount by using numbers 计算He calculated the volume of the sphere.他计算了这一球体的体积。We calculated the cost of building a new house.我们估算了造一幢新房子的费用。2) make a judgment about what is likely to happen 估计；推测I dont know, but I calculate that she doesnt like this kind of play.我不知道，但我猜想她不喜欢这类戏剧。 I calculate they will soon arrive. 我看他们快要到了。26 sufficienta. enough 足够的，充分的The pension is not sufficient for living expenses.该退休金不够应付生活费。This is sufficient to show that his argument is false.这足以证明他的论点是错的。Theres sufficient food to support the people.有足够的食物供养人民。27 compoundn. C sth. consisting of two or more different parts 复合物；化合物 Common salt is a compound.食盐是一种化合物。 Organic compounds contain carbon in their molecules.有机复合物分子中含有碳。28 storagen. U the act of storing sth. 储存，储藏Cold storage is used to keep eggs and meat from spoiling.冷藏可以防止蛋类和肉类变质。This storage period is the flour maturation time.这段贮藏时间是面粉的成熟期。29 advisablea. that should be done in order to avoid problems 明智的；可取的Its advisable that you (should) leave now, or youll be in trouble when the teacher gets back.你最好现在就离开，不然老师回来你就麻烦了A certain amount of courage is advisable at this point.在此刻保持一定的勇气是应该的。Its advisable to reserve a seat on this train.在这班火车上预定座位是明智的。30 yearlya. once a year 每年的；一年一度的I make a yearly trip to the mountains.我每年进一次山。Rainfall this year exceeded the yearly average.今年的雨量超过了年平均降雨量扩展 yearly ad. 每年地I get a physical examination yearly. 我一年做一次身体检查。 monthly a. 每月的,每月一次的31 physiciann. C (AmE) a doctor （内科）医生He prefers to be a surgeon rather than a physician.他喜欢当外科医生而不愿作内科医生。32 modifyv. make small changes to sth. in order to improve it 修改；改进We have to modify our plan a little bit.我们得对我们的计划稍加修改Youd better modify your tone.你说话最好客气一点。扩展 modification n. 修改，改进33 undov.1) remove the bad effects of sth. 取消；消除She knew it would be difficult to undo the damage that had been done. 她知道很难消除已经造成的损害。If he won, he would undo everything I have fought for. 要是他赢了，他会毁掉我为之奋斗的一切。2) untie or unfasten buttons, knots, belts, etc. 解开；松开I cant undo this button.我解不开这个扣子Can you undo this knot? 你能解开这个结吗?扩展Its better for the doer to undo what he has done. 解铃还需系铃人。34 shortcomingn. C a fault that makes sb. or sth. less effective 缺点；缺陷He sharply pointed out the shortcomings in the work.他一针见血地指出这项工作的缺点。This system has its shortcomings, but on the whole were satisfied with it.这种制度有缺点，但总的来说我们是满意的。扩展同义词：defect, flaw, weak points, fault35 leafya. having many leaves 多叶的，叶茂的Spinach is a leafy vegetable.菠菜是多叶蔬菜。A cry came from the leafy bush nearby.从附近茂盛的灌木丛中传来一声尖叫。36 selectv. choose sb. or sth., esp. from a group 选择；挑选She selected a white silk dress for the party.为参加宴会她选了一件白色的丝绸装。He was selected to play for England.他被选出来代表英国参加比赛。select the refined and discard the crude 取其精华,去其糟粕37 cerealn. C, U 谷类作物；谷类食物 breakfast cereal早餐谷类食品 I have a glass of milk and a bowl of cereal every morning.我每天早上喝一杯牛奶，吃一碗麦片。38 plentifula. present or available in large quantities 大量的；丰富的Fish are plentiful in this lake.这湖里有很多鱼。 They had a plentiful supply of food on the ship.他们在船上储备了很多食品。39 derive vt. obtain sth. from sth. else 取得，得到derive a conclusion from facts.从事实推出结论You derive your temper from your grandfather.你的脾气传自你祖父He derives strength from his Christianity.他身为基督徒而从中获得力量。He is one of those people who can derive pleasure from helping others.他是那种能从帮助他人中得到快乐的人。We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels. 我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。vi. (+from) have sth. as an origin 源自Many English words derive from Latin and Greek.许多英文字是源自于拉丁文与希腊文。Their fear derives from a belief that these people have supernatural powers.他们的恐惧是由于认为这些人有超自然的力量。扩展 derive from, be derived from出自,由来40 strikinga. unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticed 显著的；引人注目的There is a striking contrast between the two explanations.这两种解释有明显的差别。That which is striking and beautiful is not always good, but that which is good is always beautiful美丽而引人注目的东西不一定都善良,但善良的东西总是美丽的The Material is striking for its extreme sharpness and clarity 这个“材料”具有极大的尖锐性和鲜明性，十分引人注意。扩展 strike v. 打击,使留下印象 n. 罢工，打击, 攻击, 撞击eg. strike while the iron is hot. 打铁趁热。He struck the guard down with his fist.他挥拳打倒了那个卫兵Horror suddenly struck me in the dark.在黑暗中恐惧突然袭击了我The bus drivers strike stopped all traffic. 公车司机罢工使一切交通停顿。The whole workforce is on strike. 全体工作人员在罢工中41 substancen. C solid or liquid materials 物质 poisonous substances 有毒物品 The police try hard to prevent the illegal substanceheroinfrom coming into China.警察全力防止违禁品海洛因进入中国。42 interferevi. get involved in a situation and try to influence the way it develops 介入；干涉；干扰Too many extracurricular activities will interfere with your studies.过多的课外活动会妨碍你的学业。Dont interfere in matters that dont concern you.不要介入那些与你无关的事。Any country is not allowed to interfere in our countrys internal affairs.任何国家都不允许干涉我国的内政。Its unwise to interfer