甘肃省天水市一中2019届高三英语下学期第七次模拟考试试题（含解析）.docx

天水市一中2019届高三第七次模拟考试英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。（满分：150分 时间：100分钟)第I卷（选择题 共70分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共10小题； 每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWe can take online joyful learning experiences to a new level by combining the best practices in education with inspiring hands-on lessons that parents and children can enjoy together.Starting a Writers NotebookJune 13thJune 17thThis workshop is to inspire children to see themselves as true authors. The writing activities in this workshop are meant to help young authors develop their sense of voice and enthusiasm for writing. Participants will learn a variety of strategies and techniques for generating ideas and producing meaningful writing.PRICE: $27.00($22.00 cash payment)AGE: 610Backyard ScienceJune 20thJune 24thBy sharing what we discover in our own backyards, our children will be able to experience firsthand how wildlife, climate, and geographic landscapes differ across the globe. Through this workshop we have the ability to create eye-opening explorations for our children.PRICE: $27.00 AGE:410Poetry MakersJune 11thJuly 15thWhen sharing poems with our children we not only teach them how to appreciate the beauty of language but also that our words have the ability to affect others in deep and meaningful ways. In this four-week online workshop, we will strengthen our childrens understanding of themselves, each other, and the world around them through the power of writing poetry.PRICE: $27.00AGE:6101. What can we learn about Starting a Writers Notebook?A. It offers a discount.B. It lasts four weeks.C. It is suitable for all ages.D. It encourages children to write poetry.2. What can we learn about Backyard Science?A. It encourages the kids to get close to nature.B. It offers the kids various outdoor explorations.C. It fills the kids with confidence in their future.D. It enriches the kids life experience and knowledge.3. What can kids learn at Poetry Makers?A. Take more interest in their studies.B. Have a strong desire to be successful.C. Show much enthusiasm for literature.D. Be aware of the power of words.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了一些把教育的最佳实践与鼓舞人心的动手实践相结合的课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在Starting a Writers Notebook部分PRICE: $27.00($22.00 cash payment)可知Starting a Writers Notebook提供折扣，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在Backyard Science部分By sharing what we discover in our own backyards, our children will be able to experience firsthand how wildlife, climate, and geographic landscapes differ across the globe.（通过分享我们在自家后院的发现，我们的孩子将能够亲身体验到全球野生动物、气候和地理景观的差异。）可知Backyard Science为孩子们提供了各种户外探索，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在Poetry Makers部分When sharing poems with our children, we not only teach them how to appreciate the beauty of language but also that our words have the ability to affect others in deep and meaningful ways.（当我们和孩子们分享诗歌时，我们不仅教他们如何欣赏语言的美丽，而且我们的语言有能力以深刻和有意义的方式影响他人。）由此可知，在Poetry Makers，孩子们能够学会意识到语言的力量，故选D。【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题2，答案定位在Backyard Science部分By sharing what we discover in our own backyards, our children will be able to experience firsthand how wildlife, climate, and geographic landscapes differ across the globe.（通过分享我们在自家后院的发现，我们的孩子将能够亲身体验到全球野生动物、气候和地理景观的差异。）可知Backyard Science为孩子们提供了各种户外探索，故选B。BWhen my father married my mother in 1943, he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not to spend it. This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.When I was married in 1970 my husband who had heard this story, obtained a 1937 crown coin for me and I have always kept it in my wallet, and I have always had enough for my needs.A friend recently fell on hard times, partly through external (外部的）circumstances and partly through poor planning. Friends and I have loaned her money, paid her bills, given her food, and even tried to teach her budget techniques, but none of them has been a solution. She has just slipped deeper and deeper into financial trouble and depression.Last week she looked pale and unwell, very depressed and hopeless, very sad for a friend to see and I then thought about how the crown coin, a physical reminder of anothers care and love had protected me, so I went to the bank for a $ 100 dollar-bill.I told my friend the story and asked her to keep the $ 100 in the back of her wallet. It turned out that she didnt have a wallet, so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins. She immediately felt better“I feel rich, and thank you for being a good friend,” she said, and we were both a bit teary.I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that Id never used, and thought, “Ill give that to my friend. ” I opened it, and inside, found $ 100.4. What did the 1937 crown coin from the authors father mean to her mother?A. His concern for her.B. His pity and protection for her.C. His care and love for her.D. His pride and respect for her.5. Where did the authors friend keep the $ 100 dollar-bill?A. In the back of her wallet.B. In a little pencil case.C. In the pocket of her raincoat.D. In the layer of her suitcase.6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author became rich all of a sudden.B. The authors friend would receive a wallet as a gift.C. The authors friend was not touched by her story.D. The author felt uncomfortable when receiving the bill.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A crown coinB. The help to a friendC. A hard lifeD. A gift from my father【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱。作者结婚时，丈夫也送她一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱），送给一个经济困难的朋友，并把一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.”可知，结婚时父亲送给母亲一枚1937年王冠硬币意味着母亲总会觉得父亲在保护自己，并且需要钱时，她总会有钱，也就说这枚硬币代表了父亲对母亲的关心和爱，故C项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins”可知，作者的朋友把那张100美元纸币放在了小文具盒里，故B项正确。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that Id never used, and thought, “Ill give that to my friend.”可知，作者将会把那个自己从未用过的小钱包送给朋友，故B项正确。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一句就提到了父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱，文章由此而展开，作者结婚时，丈夫也送她一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱），送给一个经济困难的朋友一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她，全文都是围绕“王冠硬币”而展开，故A项正确。【点睛】文章标题题的难度在于需要高度的概括性，因此抓住关键词是关键，例如本篇第4题，文章第一句就提到了父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱，文章由此而展开，结婚后的作者的钱包里也放有一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱），送给一个经济困难的朋友一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她，“王冠硬币”贯穿全文始终，故A项（一枚王冠硬币）最能概括出文章内容。CMoscow city authorities have begun using comics（漫画） with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants（移民） how they should behave. They say a 100-page guide is needed to keep a positive image of the city and could help reduce tensions between natives and migrants. But critics have pointed out that foreign migrants and natives may be regarded as antagonists in the manual(手册).Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus（高加索） and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capitals job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them work in the Russian capital illegally.The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the dos and donts to migrants. They are urged not to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely（例行公事） stop them to check their documents.In the manual, Russias famous three warriors are meant to represent the citys law enforcement agencies（执法机关）, while Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russias language and history. A special section of the book explains the importance of following Moscows strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported(驱逐出境) or banned from entry.The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Working Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian.We want to raise their level of law awareness, he added.Migrant characters had initially(最初) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the books authors later decided to drop this idea so as not to offend anyone, said Mr. Kalinin.The old conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived, Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be difficult to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.8. The underlined word antagonists in Paragraph 1 can probably be replaced by _.A. friendsB. acquaintancesC. cooperatorsD. opponents9. People from other countries come to Moscow _A. to find well-paid jobsB. to have a new lifestyleC. to enjoy the fine climateD. to experience a new culture10. The third paragraph is mainly about_.A. consequences the migrants may sufferB. the purpose of publishing the handbookC. the measures to attract foreign migrantsD. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales11. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in RussiaB. Characters from Russian fairy tales have new jobsC. More and more foreign migrants to work in MoscowD. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behave【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行为规范。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“They say a 100-page guide is needed to keep a positive image of the city and could help reduce tensions between natives and migrants.”可知，他们说需要一份100页的手册来保持城市的积极形象，并有助于缓解当地人和移民之间的紧张关系，但批评人士指出，手册中可能把外国移民和本国人视为敌手，由此可知画线词词义为“敌手、对手”，故D项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus（高加索） and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capitals job opportunities and relatively high salaries.”可知，很多移民涌入莫斯科是因为他们被莫斯科相对较高的工作机会和薪水所吸引，故A项正确。【10题详解】段落大意题。根据第三段中的“The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the dos and donts to migrants.”可知，新的俄语手册试图向移民解释该做什么和不该做什么，由此可知本段主要是介绍出版新手册的目的，故B项正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Moscow city authorities have begun using comics（漫画） with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants（移民） how they should behave.”可知，本文介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行为规范，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第1题词义猜测题难度较大，由于画线词在第一段最后一句，因此理解前一句是关键，根据画线词前的“They say a 100-page guide is needed to keep a positive image of the city and could help reduce tensions between natives and migrants.”可知，他们说需要一份100页的手册来保持城市的积极形象，并有助于缓解当地人和移民之间的紧张关系，由紧张关系可以判断出手册中可能把外国移民和本国人视为敌手，由此可知画线词词义为“敌手、对手”。DBoth honeybees and ants are social insects that live in groups called colonies. They survive by means of their collective intelligence. Their decision-making power is distributed throughout the group; that is, no one ant or bee makes decisions for the group. Instead, they work together. As Deborah M. Gordon, a biologist of Stanford University, says, “Ants arent smart. Ant colonies are.” The same is true for bee colonies. Although bees and ants are quite different physically, they have a lot in common in terms of their behavior. Specifically, honeybees and ants have similar roles within the colony, both have communication systems, and both have the capacity of learning.Ants communicate by using chemicals called pheromones, which can alert others to danger or to a food source. For example, when worker ants find a promising source, they let the rest of colony know how to find it by leaving a trail of pheromones on the way back to the colony. The other ants pick up the message using their sense of smell. Bees, on the other hand, use movement to communicate with each other. Worker bees send message to each other by means of a “dance”. Different speeds and movements send different messages. For example, when worker bees called scouts go out to find a new hoe for the colony, they return and do a dance for the other worker bees that indicates the location of the new home and how suitable it is. The faster the scouts dance the better the new location is.Honeybees and ants are both capable of learning. One Chinese study found that bees can be trained to learn and remember a route to a food source. The researchers also found that bees can be taught to recognize hidden objects and use the concepts of “sameness” and “difference” to accomplish certain tasks. Ants take this one step further. Recent America research has shown that ants not only have the ability to learn, but also can teach their foraging skills to other younger ants. They observed that older ants accompany young ants in search of food and teach them the route and how to avoid obstacles.As we can see, the social behavior of honeybees and ants is quite similar. Both coordinate complex actions and accomplish crucial survival tasks by cooperating in groups consisting of many individuals. Unintelligent as they may be as individuals, as groups they often show amazing brilliance as they go about their everyday activities.12. What do ants and bees have in common?A. They make use of collective intelligence.B. They live in similar-sized colonies.C. They have small leadership groups that make all decisions.D. They use the same method to communicate with each other.13. What docs the speed of a bees dance indicate?A. The distance to a neighboring colony.B. The quality of a new colony location.C. The discovery of a new food source.D. The direction to a potential food source.14. In paragraph 3, how docs the author demonstrate the idea that Honeybees and ants are both capable of learning?A. By using statistics.B. By explaining reason.C. By presenting study findings.D. By stating opinions.15. What does the underlined part “foraging skills” refer to in the third Paragraph?A. The skills of communicating.B. The skills of sacking food.C. The skills of leaning.D. The skills of finding a new home.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B【解析】本文为科普类说明文。蜜蜂和蚂蚁都是群居的昆虫，它们协调复杂的行动，依靠集体智慧生存。尽管它们作为个体和群体可能并不聪明，但在日常活动中经常表现出惊人的聪明才智。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段They survive by means of their collective intelligence. Instead, they work together. 可知，它们的共同点是利用集体智慧。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句The faster the scouts dance the better the new location is.可知，蜜蜂跳舞的速度跳得越快，新地点就越好，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的段落结构可知，首句“Honeybees and ants are both capable of learning.（蜜蜂和蚂蚁都有学习的能力）”为主题句，围绕该主题，作者分别通过中国和美国的研究论证该主题，故本段作者通过展示研究结果来陈述观点的，故选C。【15题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文They observed that older ants accompany young ants in search of food and teach them the route and how to avoid obstacles.（年老的蚂蚁陪伴年轻的蚂蚁寻找食物，并教它们路线和如何避开障碍物。）可知，蚂蚁不仅有学习的能力，还能把它们的觅食技能传授给其他年轻的蚂蚁。故foraging skills在此处指“觅食技能”，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rising through stages to realize ourselvesMany modern people have the problem that they dont know who they are and what their purpose is. _16_ Once high school seniors graduate they seem to lose their identity. They once studied hard. But after they stop working, they begin to lose their way.In the theory of the Hierarchy of Needs（需求理论）, Abraham Maslo, put forward a similar situation, which consists of the five levels of a persons need. The fifth and final level is self-realization, which is where our final achievement lies. _17_I think self- realization has three major aspects. The first stage is acceptance, the second stage is discovery and the last stage is perseverance.Acceptance is the first stage. We should be reminded that we are all born unique, so we all have our own strengths and weaknesses. Only when we understand these, can we pursue them orchange them. _18_Once weve accepted ourselves, we can discover what we are interested in and what we want to be. _19_but indeed we should live for ourselves. So before we start working towards a purpose, we should ask ourselves “Is this what we truly desire?” and “Is this going to change the situation were in?”The last stage is perseverance._20_ Those who can self-realize are people who focus on the things they want to change.Through the three stages, we could gain recognition of ourselves. And by this point, whatever our lives were like, we would be able to stand tall, confident of ourselves.A. Its nothing to a man of perseveranceB. Only by acceptance of the past can we change itC. This is especially common among college studentsD. Many people tend to go along with social expectationsE. Being objective and yet tolerant is the key to acceptanceF. It is the process of knowing ourselves and finding a purposeG. Exploring our potential isnt going to be done in a short time【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. D 20. G【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，介绍要实现自我的三个方面。【16题详解】根据后一句Once high school seniors graduate, they seem to lose their identity.可知，一旦高年级学生毕业，他们就似乎丧失了自我，C选项，这种情况在大学生中很常见，下文是对本句的具体阐述，切题，故选C。【17题详解】根据前一句The fifth and final level is self-realization, which is where our final achievement lies.可知，根据马斯洛的理论，第五阶段也是最后阶段是自我实现，这就是我们最终成就的地方。F选项，这是一个了解我们自己，寻找目标的过程，是对上一句的具体阐述，切题，故选F。【18题详解】根据前一句Only when we understand these, can we pursue them or change them.可知，只有当我们理解了这些，我们才能去追求他们或者改变他们。E选项，客观和包容是接受的关键，阐述接受的关键地方，切题，故选E。【19题详解】根据前一句Once weve accepted ourselves, we can discover what we are interest