高考英语一轮复习 5.2 The United Kingdom（练）（含解析）.doc

5.2 the united kingdom（练）.词义辨析1in dealing with public relations，we should make every effort to prevent the _in personality. acontact bcontrast cconnection dconflict2i dont know the exact number of the deaths in the disaster，_，seventy. aroughly baccurately cprivately dseverely3i enjoyed being on this coursei learned a lot from teachers and students _. aalone balike cahead dabove 4we need you to provide an accurate _of the situation before we take action. aadministration binstitution cdescription dcontribution 5we came into his house and found it was only _with a table，two chairs and a bed. afurnished bconsisted caccomplished darranged6once our people and army _as one，no enemy can destroy us. aconsist bunite cfold dabsorb7the report aims to_ how these conclusions were reached. athrill bapproach cclarify dcirculate8in this seaside resort，you can enjoy all the comfort and _of modern tourism. aconvenience bcharacteristic cadmission dachievement9before he set off，he asked the company to _for a car to pick him up at the airport. aapply barrange ccontribute dreserve10all the students of this school are requested to wear their school _on weekdays. atowel bstyle cstatue duniform【答案】15 d a b c a 610 b c a b d.情态动词和虚拟语气专练1how dangerous it was!yes, but for the passerbys quick action, the girl could_(drown)2our company will organize a trip to hong kong next month. i am taking my mother there.id rather you_(do not)after all she has just recovered from her illness and she still feels weak.3we_(not finish) the project on time without your timely help.4i stayed at a hotel while in new york.oh，did you？you_(stay) with barbara.5if it _(be)not for the climate，i would stay here much longer.6it_(be) cool if i won this contest. i dont think im good enough, though.give it a shot. you never know.7did you make it at last?yes.but for your help，it_(cause) a serious loss.8max looks nervous.so_you if you had so fierce a competition.9its a shame that you missed the lecture on the british culture given by thompson.i_(attend)it, but i was busy preparing for the coming exam.10they could have escaped from the big fire, but unfortunately, someone _(lock) the door.3wouldnt/couldnt have finished句意：如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程了。without your timely help相当于含蓄条件从句，即if it hadnt been for your timely help，是和过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故句子谓语动词用wouldnt/couldnt have done形式。4could have stayed句意：我在纽约的时候住的是饭店。哦，是吗？你其实可以住巴巴拉那里。could have done是虚拟语气，意思为“本应该可以做某事，而没有做某事”。5were句意：如果不是天气的原因，我会待在这里更长的时间。6would be句意：我要是能赢这场比赛就太好了。但是我想我不够出色。试试看，很难说。通过句意和won得知，本句为表示将来的虚拟，所以设空处填would be。7would/could have caused句意：最后你成功了吗？是的，要不是你的帮助，将/可能会有很大的损失。考查虚拟语气。本句为与过去事实相反的假设，所以可用should/would/could/might have done的形式。但should常用于第一人称，might常用于可能性很小。iii.短语填空consist of；break away from；leave out；take the place of；break down；refer to；join.to.；in memory of；ring out；on show1jack was careful not to _the woman by name in his speech.2these are just some of the exciting works of art _in britain today.3you have to _the smaller piece of wood to the main part.4her breakfast usually _dry bread and a cup of milk.5what can we do to help them _the difficult position?6he lost his way.to make matters worse，his car_.7we heard the sound of the church clock， _the old year and welcoming the new.8youve _a zero in this phone number.how careless you are!9with the development of technology，dvd systems are rapidly _videos.10together they planted six pine trees _the success of the conference. 【答案】1. refer to 2. on show 3. join 4. consists of 5. break away from 6. broke down 7. ringing out 8. left out 9. taking the place of 10. in memory ofiv.完成句子1now when people refer to england _(你会发现威尔士也是包括在内的)(include)2this solid stone，square tower had _(已经屹立在那儿一千多年)(remain)3pingyu had a photo taken _(跨着这条线)(either)v.模仿造句1it has the oldest port built by the romans in the first century. 翻译未经医嘱服用的任何药物都可能带来危害。 _2worried about the time available，zhang pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in london. 翻译受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里。 _3it looked splendid when first built! 翻译这本书印出来时会很好看。 _4then just as she came out of the abbey，pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock，big ben，ringing out the hour. 翻译正当她要出门时，电话响了起来。_5what interested her most was the longitude line.翻译最令我吃惊的是他没有通过这次考试。_【答案】1. any medicine taken without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. 2. frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didnt dare to sleep in her room. 3. this book will look nice when printed. 4. just as she was about to leave，the telephone rang. 5. what surprised me most was that he didnt pass the exam.vi语法填空【甘肃省兰州第一中学2018届高三8月月考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。first aid is a kind of help_1_(give) to someone who suddenly falls ill _2_ gets injured before a doctor can _3_(find). often, the illness or injury is not _4_(seriously). here are some things about burns. you have three layers of skin that protect yourself _5_ disease, poisons and the harmful rays of the sun. your skin also gives you the sense of touch.first aid is very important step in the _6_(treat) of burns. people can get _7_(burn) by many things, such as hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity and chemicals.there _8_(be) three types of burns, and they are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on _9_ layers of the skin are burned. different degree burns can be treated _10_ different ways. lets keep these things in mind.【答案】1. given 2. or 3. be found 4. serious 5. against/from 6. treatment 7. burned/burnt 8. are 9. which 10. in6. 句意：在烧伤治疗中，急救是非常重要的一步。定冠词放在名词前面，可知此处用名词形式，答案为treatment。7. 句意：人们可能被很多事情烧伤。get+过去分词，可知答案为burned/burnt。8. 此处是there be 句型，主语是three types of burns，复数形式，答案为are。 9. 句意：烧伤分成一级、二级和三级烧伤，它们是根据哪一层皮肤受到损失而定的。“哪一层”，可知答案为which。10. 句意：用不同的方式。in different ways，可知答案为in。vii完型填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）【河南省郑州市第一中学2017-2018上期高三一轮复习模拟测试（一）】阅读下面短文，从短文后各題所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。a letter to my dadfour years ago we found out about the cancer growing inside you. you told me the news that it had already spread and that you didnt know how long you had _1_.i was still at university. a parent dying was something that happened to _2_ people-people older than me. i spent the first few months in _3_. for the first time i felt _4_. i wished i could just _5_ you and take the cancer out. but there was nothing i could do.weve been _6_. you reacted well to treatment and youre still here, though we dont know for how much _7_.ive always wanted to say that i love you, and that im _8_ for everything youve given me. but i cant. it feels like it is this unwritten _9_ in our father-son relationship that _10_ it. youre a man conservative and guarded with your _11_. you keep them to yourself and _12_ others to do the same.but i know you _13_. ive seen your proud looks when ive told you about my _14_ at work and school over the years. ive seen your _15_ when things havent gone well. i remember all the offers of help.i wish we could talk about what we _16_ to each other. i wish you could tell me youre _17_ and i could tell you i love you. i wish these _18_ concepts of masculinity (男子气概) werent so deeply _19_ in both of us. maybe we will still see our way to that _20_ before you go. but whatever the case, i just need to say iti love you, and thank you.1. a. waited b. left c. suffered d. stayed2. a. any b. few c. other d. all3. a. doubt b. anger c. vain d. shock4. a. powerless b. nervous c. lost d. bored5. a. reach into b. turn to c. stand by d. look into6. a. confused b. lucky c. active d. hopeless7. a. better b. deeper c. longer d. further8. a. eager b. grateful c. regretful d. desperate9. a. letter b. word c. idea d. rule10. a. prevents b. changes c. destroys d. transforms11. a. illnesses b. feelings c. belongings d. opinions12. a. require b. expect c. allow d. persuade13. a. lie b. understand c. care d. fear14. a. achievements b. difficulties c. goals d. experiences15. a. power b. anger c. curiosity d. concern16. a. have b. give c. leave d. mean17. a. conservative b. brave c. proud d. helpful18. a. absurd b. important c. useful d. popular19. a. lost b. trapped c. rooted d. covered20. a. situation b. solution c. achievement d. conversation【答案】1. b 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. a 6. b 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. a 11. b 12. b 13. c 14. a 15. d 16. d 17. c 18. a 19. c 20. d2. c考查形容词。a. any任何的；b. few很少的；c. other其他的；d. all全部的。我当时还在上大学，认为这种事是应该发生在比我年长的其他人身上，不是我。故选c.3. d考查名词。a. doubt怀疑；b. anger愤怒；c. vain徒劳；d. shock震惊。由于听到这个噩耗，不知怎么办。所以我在痛苦惊恐中度过了前几个月，故选d.4. a考查形容词。a. powerless无力的；b. nervous紧张不安的；c. lost迷失的；d. bored烦人的。此处指我第一次感到无能为力，对疾病不知所措。故选a.5. a考查固定搭配。a. reach into伸手去拿；b. turn to求助于；c. stand by支持；d. look into调查。此处指我希望可以进入你的身体拿走癌细胞，但是我知道我什么也做不了。表达了作者救父亲的心情，故选a.9. d考查名词。a. letter信；b. word单词；c. idea主意；d. rule规则。但我没有把这句话说出来，好像有一个不成文的规则，这句话在我们的父子关系上总被阻止。指不成文的规则，故选d.10. a考查动词。a. prevents阻止；b. changes改变；c. destroys破坏；d. transforms变换。此处指这个不成文的规则阻止了我们的表达，故选a.11. b考查名词。a. illnesses疾病；b. feelings感觉；c. belongings财产；d. opinions意见。父亲是一个保守、谨慎的中年人,自己保持感情,希望别人也这样做。此处指保持自己的感情，故选b.12. b考查动词。a. require要求；b. expect期望；c. allow允许；d. persuade说服。父亲自己保持感情,希望别人也这样做。表示“希望”，故选b.13. c考查动词。a. lie撒谎；b. understand理解；c. care在意；d. fear害怕。但我知道你在意，指在意作者取得的成绩，故选c.14. a考查名词。a. achievements业绩；b. difficulties困难；c. goals目标；d. experiences经历。那些年当我告诉你关于我工作和学校的成就时，我看到过你骄傲的表情，指取得的成绩，故选a.15. d考查名词。a. power力量；b. anger生气；c. curiosity好奇；d. concern关心。此处指当事情进展不是很顺利时，我看到过你的关心。指父亲对孩子的关心，故选d.19. c考查动词。a. lost失去；b. trapped诱捕；c. rooted生根；d. covered覆盖。此处指作者希望男子气概的观念不要深扎根在彼此内心，故选c.20. d考查名词。a. situation情况；b. solution解决方案；c. achievement成就；d. conversation交谈，话题。作者希望在父亲走之前能够看到希望的那种谈话方式，希望目前的状况得以改变，故选d.viii书面表达【江西省上高县第二中学2018届高三第一次月考】假如你是李华，你的美国朋友sophie非常喜欢中国文化。今年是鸡年。她想知道中国人怎么庆祝新年到来，也很好奇鸡在中国的文化象征意义。请根据以下提示，给sophie回信，解答她的困惑。1. 介绍迎接新年到来的活动。2. 说明鸡的文化象征意义(如准时、善斗等)。3. 如有疑问，表示愿意提供更多帮助。注意：1 词数100左右（首句已给出，不计入总词数）。2 适当增加细节，使行文连贯充实。参考词汇：鸡年 the year of roosterdear sophie,l am glad to know that you are keen on chinese culture._【答案】dear_sophie，i_am_glad_to_know_that_you_are_keen_on_chinese_culture. and i am willing to share something about the new year with you.many activities are involved in the celebration of a new year. chinese people usually make great preparations to usher in the new year, such as a thorough cleanup and a crazy purchase of goods. it is also customary to paste spring couplets on the door and cutpapers on the windows to pray for good luck. additionally, the whole country looks very festive with people setting off firecrackers.since this year is the year of rooster, you asked the symbolic meaning of a rooster in your letter. i should say it is quite a positive i