高考英语一轮复习 考点通关练 专题四 完形填空 考点二十五 说明文.doc

考点二十五说明文cloze 1限时13分organizing for a smooth journey takes a lot of planning. just a bit of foresight will help you truly _1_ and enjoy what holidays have to offer.before you travel, you need to first _2_ your needs. sit down together with the people with whom you will be traveling.what are the needs this trip _3_？ rest, cultural discoveries, work, or sports? then, set a(n) _4_ for yourself. vacations that far exceed (超出) the money available will give you stress, which is _5_ to what youre looking for. _6_ think over all those important _7_ you need, and begin early the _8_ needed to obtain them before leaving. whether it is your passport, an international driving license, travelers checks, or train tickets, all these need time to be _9_ for.during the journey, enjoy yourself! there are so many people who _10_ all that theyve left back home. what can you do anyway, sitting on your island paradise (乐园)? you can solve problems, if any, when you _11_. learn to awaken your _12_. listen to new songs of birds. touch the _13_ and warm sand. watch a sunset splitting itself into all kinds of colors. delight in the good _14_ of the food on your plate. _15_ every second available to you and consider yourself blessed to be there at that time.if you were _16_ abroad, when you come back, visit your doctor without delay. above all, dont _17_ the end of the holiday. thatll cause you to lose whatever good you got out of it. _18_ you were lucky to have had one, and continue to live a better life. _19_ is stopping you from choosing to continue life a little slower, a little _20_， and much happier!篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。主要对如何准备、组织好一次旅行提出了一些建议。1a.studybrelaxchidedunderstand答案b结合下文语境可知，此处指如果你提前做好准备的话，你便会真正放松下来(relax)，好好享受假期给你带来的一切。故选b。2a.planbmeetclist drealize答案c句意：在旅行之前，你必须先列一个必需品清单(list)。故选c。3a.lies in bcalls for cresults in dwaits for答案b根据该空后的“rest, cultural discoveries, work, or sports？”可知，此处意为“这次旅行需要满足什么需求？”call for意为“需要”，符合语境。lie in意为“在于”；result in意为“导致”；wait for意为“等候”。4a.budget border cdatedintention答案a根据下文中的“vacations that far exceed (超出) the money available will give you stress”可知，此处指应给自己做个预算(budget)。故选a。5a.sensitiveboppositecsimilardobvious答案b句意：实际花费远远超过预算的假期将给你带来压力，这是与你期望的事情背道而驰的。sensitive意为“敏感的”；opposite意为“相反的”；similar意为“类似的”；obvious意为“明显的”。根据语境及常识可知，只有opposite最符合语境。故选b。6a.especiallybthereforecfinally dstill答案c结合上下文可知，第二段介绍了三个在旅行前的注意事项，此前已经提出了两项(即列出必需品清单和做预算)，此处应是最后一项，所以选finally。7a.meetingsbtoolscclothes ddocuments答案d根据下文中的“whether it is your passport, an international driving license, travelers checks, or train tickets”可知，此处意为“好好考虑一下你需要哪些重要证件(documents)”，故选d。8a.stepsbmovementscclassesdincidents答案a根据语境可知，此处指为了得到下文所得到的重要证件所需要做的准备工作，故step意为“步骤”，符合语境。9a.paidbappliedcarrangeddbegged答案c句意：无论是你的护照、国际驾驶证、旅行支票，或者火车票，所有这些票证都需要时间来筹备(arrange)。arrange for意为“为做准备”，符合语境，故选c。pay for“为付钱，赔偿”；apply for“申请”；beg for意为“乞讨、乞求”，均不符合语境，可排除。10a.tell aboutbworry aboutctalk about dlearn about答案b结合本段的主题句“during the journey, enjoy yourself！”可知，此处作者是在陈述这样一个事实，即很多人虽然已经出去玩了，但却心神不安，还在担心(worry about)他们放在家里的东西。故选b。11a.leavebcome cstaydreturn答案d句意：如果有问题，你可以等到回来(return)时再解决。故选d。12a.emotions bhappinesscsensesdmemory答案c根据下文的“listen”“touch”和“watch”可知，唤醒的是感觉(senses)，故选c。13a.softbwetchotdspecial答案a根据常识并结合语境可知，沙子是柔软的，故选a。句意：抚摸柔软而温暖的沙子。14a.qualities btastescdesignsdfeelings答案b根据空格后的“the food on your plate”可知，此处指食物的味道(taste)。故选b。15a.make the most of bget prepared for cbe engaged indget hold of答案a句意：充分利用好可利用的每一秒，并感谢上帝能让你此刻在此地好好地享受一切。make the most of意为“充分利用”；get prepared for意为“为做准备”；be engaged in意为“从事于”；get hold of意为“把握，得到”。根据句意可知，应选a。16a.nervousbviolent cilldsad答案c根据后半句中的“visit your doctor without delay”可知，此处是指如果你在出国期间生病了(ill)。故选c。17a.judge baffectctrustddestroy答案d句意：最重要的是，不要把假期的末尾破坏了。此处指不要因为生病而影响了旅行的心情。故选d。18a.expectbadmirecadmit dfind答案c根据语境可知，此处指你要承认很幸运能有这么一个假期，并继续更好地生活下去。故选c。19a.everything bnothing canything dsomething答案b句意：没有什么可以阻止你选择以一种慢节奏去继续生活。故b项符合语境。20a.calmerblonger charderdwealthier答案a根据空格前后的“slower”和“happier”可知，此处应填一个能体现美好的生活状态的词，故calmer意为“平静的”，符合语境。故选a。1smooth adj. 顺利的2foresight n. 预见；深谋远虑3obtain v. 获得4.awaken v. 唤醒1whether.or. 无论还是2stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事cloze 2限时14分as a young reporter, sparky asked lu haoting, a business reporter from china daily, for help on interviewing. he found that interviewing people is not as_1_ as just asking questions. to his_2_， journalists also need to do a lot of homework_3_ an interview. lu shared her_4_ of a recent interview with the president of boeing china, david wang, with sparky.there are two _5_ of interviews, inclusive (群访) and exclusive (专访). the inclusive interview is _6_ in theform of a press conference.in a(n)_7_ interview, only you and the interviewee talk_8_. you need to_9_ all yourquestions for both typesof interviews_10_.“_11_ you dont prepare, you will ask some silly questions and_12_your time，” lu said.“i wanted to know boeings new strategy in the chinese market._13_ i checked out over 20 reports from differentnewspapers about boeing and its rival, airbus，” lu said.she also found useful_14_ about the two companies on their websites. on many occasions, interviewees_15_journalists to provide a question list in advance of an interview. in order to _16_ a proper objective story, lu also interviewed some_17_ to get their comments on boeings performance inchina. _18_ her interview with david wang only lasted about half an hour, her_19_ helped her to ask many goodquestions about boeings development in china. “after a successful interview,you always find all that homework was really_20_ it，”lu told sparky.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一位资深记者通过自己的采访经历告知年轻记者，采访之前要做好功课，采访成功之后你会发现之前的所有准备都是值得的。1a.interestingbsimplecgeneraldinteractive答案b根据下文提到在采访之前要做很多功课可知，采访并不是仅仅问问题那样简单。interesting意为“有趣的”；simple意为“简单的”；general意为“笼统的，大体的”；interactive意为“互动的”。根据语境可知选b。2a.excitementbdisappointmentcsurpriseddelight答案c通过咨询才得知以前不知道的，所以他很惊讶。excitement意为“兴奋”；disappointment意为“失望”；surprise意为“吃惊”；delight意为“高兴”。故选c。3a.beforebaftercatdin答案a根据下文可知记者在采访之前需要做大量的准备工作。故选a。4a.ideabopinioncknowledgedexperience答案d本段首句提到，斯帕奇向陆昊婷寻求帮助，所以本句应是陆昊婷分享了自己最近一次采访的经历。故选d。5a.stagesbkindscstepsdways答案b根据后面提到的群访和专访可推知采访的类型有两种。故选b。6a.almostbnearlycmainlydhardly答案c句意：群访主要是以新闻发布会的形式进行。almost意为“几乎”；nearly意为“几乎”；mainly意为“主要地”；hardly意为“几乎不”。故选c。7a.inclusivebexclusivecformaldinformal答案b根据“only you and the interviewee”以及上文内容可知设空处指的应该是专访。故选b。8a.side by sidebin secretcat workdface to face答案d句意：在专访时，只有你和被采访者面对面交流。side by side意为“肩并肩”；in secret意为“秘密地”；at work意为“在工作”；face to face意为“面对面”。故选d。9a.preparebthinkcfinddask答案a根据第一段中“journalists also need to do a lot of homework”和第三段中的“you dont prepare”可知，此处应该是指准备问题。prepare意为“准备”；think意为“认为”；find意为“发现”；ask意为“问”。故选a。10a.in casebin memorycin advancedin mind答案c根据语境可知此处表示“提前地”。in case意为“以防；万一”；in memory意为“在记忆中”；in advance意为“提前”；in mind意为“在心里”。故选c。11a.thoughbascsincedif答案d根据后半句的信息可以得知，此处应该是表示条件，应用if引导。故选d。12a.wastebtakeccostdlose答案a句意：如果你没有准备，你就会问一些愚蠢的问题，浪费你的时间。问一些愚蠢的问题也就相当于浪费时间，故选a。13a.butbsocthendnow答案b设空处的前一句是说“我”想要知道那个新战略，设空处的后面说“我”从不同的报纸找出20多篇报道，两句之间应是因果关系。故选b。14a.commentsbinformationcnewsdreports答案b在这两家公司的网站上找到的应该是各自公司的相关信息。comment意为“评论”；information意为“信息”；news意为“新闻”；report意为“报道”。故选b。15a.insistballowcrequiredagree答案c句意：在许多场合，被采访者要求记者在采访前提供一张问题清单。insist意为“坚持”；allow意为“允许”；require意为“要求”；agree意为“同意”。根据句子结构可知，该空所选的词后面可以跟动词不定式作宾补，排除a和d，再根据句意可以得知选c。16a.readbproduceccoverdform答案b根据本句提到陆昊婷收集更多关于波音公司的信息可以知道，她是想作出一篇客观的报道。read意为“阅读”；produce意为“制作”；cover意为“覆盖；报道；足够支付”；form意为“形成”。故选b。17a.expertsbfriendscbusinessmendothers答案a能够对波音公司在中国的表现作出评论的肯定是这方面的专家(experts)。故选a。18a.thenbalthoughcwhenduntil答案b根据语境可以得知此处前后句之间是转折关系。故选b，although意为“虽然”。19a.homeworkbfriendscattitudedsearch答案a根据第一段中的“journalists also need to do a lot of homework”和陆昊婷的亲身经历可以得知，是她提前做的准备工作(homework)起了很大作用。故选a。20a.valuebworthwhilecworthdworthy答案c根据上文可知一个成功的采访需要提前做一些功课，这是非常值得的。be worth it意为“是值得的”，为固定搭配。故选c。1president n. 总统；校长；总裁2interviewee n. 被采访者1in the form of 以形式2in advance of 在之前cloze 3限时14分communication is an important part of any relationship. many of us are_1_to share ourexperiences or emotions with our friends. but when its our turn to lend a(n)_2_， we soon become bored or are short of ideas on how to _3_ and offer advice.thats because of what researcherscall“listener burnout (精疲力竭)”. afriendmighttalktous _4_， often complaining about the same_5_ problems. when we offer quick advice to_6_ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to_7_ ourselves from burnout.however,good listeners _8_ their natural tendency to solve the others problems hurriedly and to keep the conversation brief.to be a good_9_， you need to use “active listening”. it starts with the real_10_ to helpothers and think through their feelings. dont_11_ things. you can start by putting your phone _12_ and sitting close to your friend. let your facial expressions_13_what he or she is saying. _14_ you are able to fully understand, acknowledge the other persons_15_by reflecting themback：“that must be really hard for you.” use_16_ words or even sounds such as “yes”， “right”，and “hmm” to_17_ the other person to continue.of course, a_18_can be extremely hard if the other person is too critical. but dont get defensive. effective listeners dont _19_ negative criticism. instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey_20_responding.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。交流在人际关系中起着重要的作用，许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或情感，但是如何做一个善听者呢？文章对这个问题进行了阐释。1a.afraidbhesitantcshydeager答案d根据下一句中的关键信息“but .bored or are short of ideas”可知，我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或情感。be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”。2a.shoulderbhandceardeye答案c根据第二段中关键信息“listener burnout”可知，当我们要倾听时，会有不一样的反应。lend an ear为固定短语，意思为“倾听”，符合语境。3a.respondbexplaincarguedquit答案a根据下文的“and offer advice”可知，我们对如何作出反应(respond)和提供建议没有了主意。4a.aimlesslybendlesslycdeliberatelydcautiously答案b朋友可能会经常无休止地对着我们抱怨老掉牙的问题。endlessly“无休止地”符合语境。5a.difficultboldcacutedsensitive答案b由关键词often可知，应是同样的陈旧的问题。6a.fixbdiscussccreateddescribe答案a由上文的“offer quick advice”可知，应选fix，表示“解决”。7a.forgivebprotectcdiscouragedprevent答案bprotect sb./sth. from sth.表示“保护某人/某物免于某事”，符合语境。8a.followbdisplaycformdovercome答案d然而，好的倾听者会克服(overcome)他们的自然倾向来迅速解决他人的问题。9a.readerbpartnerclistenerdspeaker答案c由下文的“active listening”可知，此处指做一个好的倾听者(listener)需要积极地倾听他人诉说。10a.demandbhabitcdesiredability答案c开始时要有真正的要帮助别人的渴望(desire)，并认真考虑他们的感受。11a.skipbrushcoverlookdpostpone答案b由前句中“think through their feelings”可知，作者建议倾听者不要断章取义，仓促做事。rush things表示“仓促做事”，符合语境。12a.awayboffcoutdup答案a这里表示把你的手机收起来(putting your phone away)，紧挨着你朋友坐。13a.recordbrestrictcreflectdreplace答案c由15空后的“by reflecting them back”可知，这里表示让你的面部表情对你朋友所说的话作出反应。14a.whetherbsince cwhiledif答案a作为一个倾听者不管(whether)你是否能够完全理解对方，你都要对对方的感情(feelings)作出回应。15a.suggestionsbpurposescresponsesdfeelings答案d参见上题解析。16a.bigbtoughcstrongdshort答案d由下文的“yes”，“right”和“hmm”可知，要用简短的(short)语言来鼓励(encourage)他人继续说下去。17a.forcebremindcencouragedconvince答案c这些简单的反应都是在鼓励对方继续说下去。18a.conversationbsuggestioncproblemdlecture答案a由语境可知，这里说的是谈话(conversation)很难进行下去。19a.give upbmake upcleave outdblock out答案d善听者不会抹去负面评论，相反，他们会在作出反应之前倾听并且明白这个人试图传达的意思。block out“不去想，抹去”。20a.afterbbeforecwhiledonce答案b参见上题解析。1acknowledge v. 承认；认同2defensive adj. 防守的；自卫的1be short of 缺乏；缺少2such as 例如cloze 4限时14分its a delicate timeif not every parents worst nightmarewhen a child enters adolescence. not only are their bodies _1_ physically, but hormones (荷尔蒙) arespreading violently and bad moods are in full swing. katie couric spoke with dr barbara greenberg, a parenting expert and clinical psychologist, all about how parents can _2_ with their teens, and finally got some answers. every parent wants to know what is going on inside their teenagers _3_， and while the normal instinct (本能) is to give them the third degree (盘问) about their day, dr greenberg strongly _4_ us not to question teens closely for long, who are _5_ to get upset or excited all of a sudden._6_ direct, general questions like “how was your day？” or “how was the date？”. teens will respond more positively to _7_ questions like “how was the movie？” _8_ they arent ready to give you a whole bunch of information at once. _9_ is an important part of any conversation, and interrupting your child may not get you much _10_.most adolescents are discovering who they are and how they _11_ society. while it might seem that their eyes are loaded with laser beams (激光束) and you are their next target, they are also under a lot of pressure, both socially and academically. let them _12_ themselves freely; this is their way of telling you about their _13_.even though the idea isnt “cool”， research has found that about 80% of teens admire and want to spend time with their parents. teens really love their parents!_14_， but believe it. they are _15_ between wanting that precious independence and _16_ mom and dad.show your kids at an early age that its okay to talk about anything at home. _17_ like drugs, sex and alcohol can be scary for both _18_ to discuss, but having these conversations has been proven to help teens keep a healthy lifestyle.it is totally possible to _19_ a strong relationship with your teen! just remember to _20_， listen to what they have to say, and dont take that sigh when you ask about their homework too personally.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了父母应该如何与处于青春叛逆期的孩子进行沟通和交流，作者认为家长在尊重孩子的基础上，能够和青春期的孩子保持良好的关系。1a.promoting benlargingcchangingdincreasing答案c此处是not only.but (also)结构表示并列关系，根据but后面句子内容可知处于青春期的孩子们荷尔蒙增加，脾气变坏，身体在变化，故选c。promote意为“提升，促进”；enlarge意为“扩大”；increase意为“增加”。2a.livebtalkcdeal dfight答案b根据下文中的“every parent wants to know what is going on”和“give them the third degree (盘问)”可知家长们想知道如何与孩子们进行交谈，故选b。3a.headbbodycschooldroom答案a从上下文语境可知家长们想知道孩子们脑子(head)里在想什么，其他选项不符合语境，故选a。4a.suggestsbencouragescappeals dpersuades答案bwhile引导的让步状语从句表示转折关系，由此可知尽管父母本能地想去盘问孩子们，但是专家还是劝告家长不要去那么做。根据用法可知suggest后跟doing; appeal to sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“呼吁某人做某事”，故排除a、c。而persuade不和strongly搭配，故选b，意为“鼓励”。encourage sb. not to do sth.“劝告某人不要做某事”。5a.possible beagercanxiousdlikely答案d前一句话表明专家们劝告家长不要无休止地去盘问孩子，后面解释不能这样做的原因是孩子们可能会突然变得激动起来。be likely to do意为“可能会做”，故选d。be eager to do意为“渴望做”；it is possible for sb. to do.为固定句型，故排除a。6a.avoid baskcpreparedignore答案a根据下一句中关键信息“.respond more positively to _7_ questions like.”可知家长们问孩子间接、具体的问题，他们的回答则更积极；再联系本句中的直接问题，便可推知作者建议家长们避免问直接的、笼统的问题，故选a。ignore意为“忽略，忽视”。7a.simple baccuratecindirect dspecial答案c上文提到不要问direct“直接的”问题，所以家长要问间接的问题，故选c。simple意为“简单的”；accurate意为“精确的”。8a.unlessbbecausecifdwhen答案b上文提到家长应该如何恰当地问孩子们问题，下文内容则是关于这样做的原因，前后是因果关系，故选b。unless意为“除非”。9a.speakingblisteningcrespecting dunderstanding答案b由下文的关键词conversation“对话”和interrupting“打断”可知此处是指在谈话中的倾听艺术，故选b。10a.respectblovecnews dresponse答案d根据上文家长提出的问题可知，当家长打断孩子说话而去询问自己关心的问题时孩子们可能不会对此做出很多反应，故选d。11a.put intobfit intoccater todappeal to答案b根据常识可知孩子们在长大的过程中，想去发现如何适应社会，故选fit into“适应”。put into意为“投入”；cater to意为“迎合”；appeal to意为“呼吁；吸引”。12a.examinebteachcenjoy dexpress答案d从下句话内容“this is their way of telling you.”可知这是孩子们自己的表达方式，故选d。examine意为“检查”。13a.daybfuturecfailuresdstudies答案a根据上文“.and while the normal instinct (本能) is to give them the third degree (盘问) about their day”可知家长们关心孩子的一天是如何度过的，此处呼应上文。故选a。14a.exciting bdisappointingcfascinatingdshocking答案d从后文“but believe it”可知该空的潜在信息是unbelievable，因此填shocking，表示结论太令人震惊，让人们难以置信，故选d。fascinating意为“极好的”。15a.hesitatingbstrugglingcconcerneddpushed答案b根据上文内容可知尽管孩子们有时候对父母态度不好，但是他们是深爱父母的，所以他们的行为是在继续依附父母和要求独立之间的一种挣扎(struggle)，故选b。hesitate意为“犹豫”；concern意为“关心”；push意为“推，施加压力”。16a.carrying on tobholding on tockeeping up with dgetting along with答案b由上文内容可知处在青春期的孩子们要求独立，不希望父母的过度关心，但是他们又从小听从父母，所以到了叛逆期他们处在是继续听从父母还是按自己意愿行事的矛盾中，故选holding on to“抓紧，不放开”。carry on to意为“继续”；keep up with意为“赶上”；get along with意为“进展；相处”。17a.worriesbconversationsctopicsdquestions答案c根据like“例如”后列举的内容可知此处指谈话的话题(topics)，故选c。18a.partiesbpeoplecmembers dfamilies答案a根据上下文可知此处both是指孩子和父母双方，故用party“一方；当事人”。19a.holdbremaincundertakedmaintain答案d本文讲述如何与青春期的孩子和谐相处，由此可知此处是指家长和孩子保持好关系，故选maintain“保持”，相当于keep。undertake意为“承担”；remain也可意为“保持”，但为不及物动词，不可加宾语，故排除。20a.be silentbkeep smilingcstay calm dbe friendly答案c根据空后内容“listen to what they have to say”可知作者建议家长要静下心来倾听孩子们想说的话，stay calm意为“保持平静”，符合句意，故选c。be silent意为“保持沉默”。1adolescence n. 青春期；青年期2interrupt v. 打断1all of a sudden 突然2be ready to do sth. 准备做某事；乐于做某事cloze 1限时14分2017山东实验中学月考nowadays many people enjoy _1_ activitieswalking, cycling or mountaineering.people often_2_the act of climbing high and tough mountains to be astonishing. why are men and women_3_to suffer cold and hardship, and to_4_on high mountains? this astonishment may be caused by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activities to which men_5_their leisure time.there are no manmade rules, as there are for _6_ sports as golf and football. there are, of course, principles of different kinds