高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材重点全程攻略 Unit 1 Cultural relics讲义 新人教版必修2.doc

unit 1 cultural relics 话题素材文化遗产话题词汇1cultural adj. 文化的2civilized adj. 文明的3ancient adj. 古代的4wisdom n. 智慧5valuable adj. 有价值的；贵重的6attract_ones_attention 吸引某人的注意力7be situated in 坐落于；位于8in_a_fancy_style 用奇特的风格9be made of . 由制成10be worthy of being done 值得做11in_return_for 作为对的回报12date_back_to/date_from 追溯到13great wonders of the world 世界上的伟大奇迹经典佳句1cultural heritage is_of_great_value and protecting it can make us feel_proud_of our nation.文化遗产价值连城，保护文化遗产会使我们为自己的民族感到自豪。2cultural relics have begun to be a hot topic in china today as the balance between developing the nation and retaining traditional culture must be found.文化遗产已经开始成为当今中国的热门话题，因为必须在国家发展和传统文化保存间找到平衡。3the_more the public know about the importance of culture protection, the_stronger support we can get from them.公众对文化保护的重要性知道的越多，我们得到的支持就会越强大。精美语篇dear sir，i am writing to you today to share my thoughts about the old summer palace. after showing my friend jack around the park, i am deeply impressed by the historical site, which is definitely the greatest symbol of our ancient civilization. in terms of preserving history and learning more about ancient culture, such kind of historical sites is of great value.unfortunately, throughout history, it has been damaged due to a variety of reasons, such as natural forces, wars, theft and so on. worse still, tourists nowadays are doing damage to the old summer palace either unintentionally or deliberately while they are walking around the site.as a student, i strongly feel that it is urgent for our government to take measures to protect it. first of all, a special committee should be established to ensure all the work to be carried out smoothly. in addition, some sculptures and statues should be moved indoors to avoid being damaged by natural forces. only by doing these will we be able to enjoy these historical sites for generations to come.looking forward to your actions.yours sincerely，高频单词1rare (adj.) 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的rarely (adv.) 很少；难得2valuable (adj.) 贵重的；有价值的value (n. & vt.) 价值；重视invaluable (adj.) 极有用的；极宝贵的3survive (v.) 幸免(于)；幸存；比活得长；生还survival (n.) 生存；幸存survivor (n.) 幸存者4amaze (vt.) 使吃惊；惊讶amazing (adj.) 令人吃惊的amazed (adj.) 吃惊的amazement (n.) 惊奇5select (vt.) 挑选；选择selection (n.) 选择；选拔6design (n.) 设计；图案；构思 (vt.) 设计；计划；构思designer (n.) 设计者；构思者7fancy (adj.) 奇特的；异样的 (vt.) 想象；设想；爱好8decorate (v.) 装饰；装修decoration (n.) 装饰品；装饰9reception (n.) 接待；招待会；接收receive (vt.) 接受；接待；招待receiver (n.) (电话)听筒/受话器10remove (vt.) 移动；搬开removal (n.) 移走；除去11wooden (adj.) 木制的wood (n.) 木头12doubt (n.) 怀疑；疑惑 (vt.) 怀疑；不信doubtful (adj.) 怀疑的13former (adj.) 以前的；从前的latter (反义词) (adj.) 后者的；后面的14worth (prep.) 值得的；相当于的价值 (n.) 价值；作用 (adj.) 值钱的15local (adj.) 本地的；当地的16evidence (n.) 根据；证据evident (adj.) 明显的；清楚的17explode (vi.) 爆炸explosion (n.) 爆炸18sailor (n.) 水手；海员；船员sail (v.) (乘船)航行；起航 (n.) 航行；帆；起航19sink (vi.) 下沉；沉下sank/sunk (过去式)sunk/sunken (过去分词)20informal (adj.) 非正式的formal (反义词) (adj.) 正式的21debate (n.) 争论；辩论 (vi.) 争论；辩论重点短语1in_search_of 寻找2belong_to 属于3in_return 作为报答；回报4serve_as 充当；起作用5at_war 处于交战状态6less than 少于7take apart 拆开 8rather than 而不是9think/speak highly of 看重；器重 10develop an interest in . 培养对的兴趣 热点句型1could not/never have done “(过去)不可能做”frederick william ， the king of prussia, could_never_have_imagined (绝不可能想到) that his greatest gift to the russian people would have such an amazing history.(教材p1)2this is/was a time when . “这是一个的时期/时候”this_was_a_time_when (这是一个的时期) the two countries were at war.(教材p2)3there is no doubt that . “毫无疑问”there_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) the boxes were then put on a train for knigsberg, which was at that time a german city on the baltic sea.(教材p2)4what引导名词性从句after that, what_happened (所发生的一切) to the amber room remains a mystery.(教材p2)5疑问词不定式in a trial, a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe_and_which_not_to_believe (哪些证人可信，哪些不可信). (教材p5)6nor位于句首引起的部分倒装结构nor_do_i_think (我也不认为) they should give it to any government.(教材p7)同步训练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1it was also a treasure _ (decorate) with gold and jewels, _ took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.答案：decorated; which2about four metres long, the room served _ a small reception hall for important visitors.答案：as3_ (late), catherine had the amber room _ (move) to a palace outside st petersburg _ she spent her summers.答案：later; moved; where4although the amber room _ (consider) one of the _ (wonder) of the world, it is now missing.答案：was considered; wonders5it can be proved _ china has more people _ any other country in the world.答案：that; than6an opinion is _ someone believes is true but has not been proved.答案：what7he/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, _ must be facts rather than opinions.答案：which8_ april 1945, i heard something explode _ midnight.答案：in; at9_ my surprise the entrance _ the mine was closed.答案：to; to10. so i think that those _ find the amber room should decide _to do with it.答案：who; what1 survivevi.幸免；幸存；生还vt.比活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来教材原句is it enough to have survived for a long time？(p1)只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？(1)a survives b (by . )a比b多活survive sth. 幸免于；从中挺过来/活过来survive on 依靠生存下来survive from 从存活下来/流传下来(2)survivor n. 幸存者survival n. u幸存；c残存物；幸存事物survive当表示“幸存；幸免于”时，不需要加in或from。he died in 1940, but his wife survived_him_by another 20 years.他在1940年去世，但他的妻子比他多活了20年。there are concerns that the refugees may not survive_the_winter.有人担心这些难民活不过冬天。i dont know how you all manage to survive_on your small salary.我不知道你们只靠微薄的薪金是怎样过活的。the plane crashed in an area of dense jungle. there were no survivors.飞机坠落在一个丛林茂密的地区，无人生还。his only chance of survival was a heart transport.他唯一活下去的可能性是心脏移植。2 designvt. 设计；计划；构思 n. 设计；图案；构思教材原句the design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(p1)琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。(1)design . for . 为设计be designed for . 为而设计be designed to do . 目的在于/为了be designed as . 打算做用(2)by designon purpose有意地；故意地(3)designer n. 设计者；构思者they pump out perfumes designed_to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.它们散发出气味意在吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫是袭击者的天敌。the method is specifically designed_for use in small groups.这方法是专为小组活动设计的。she arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or by_design im not sure.她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。he wants to become a fashion designer when he grows up.长大后他想成为一个时装设计师。联想表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结(1)故意地by designon purposedeliberately(2)偶然地by chanceby accidentaccidentally3 fancyadj.奇特的；异样的vt.想象；设想；爱好n空想；幻想；爱好教材原句the design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(p1)琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。fancy oneself as . 自认为是fancy doing sth. 想做某事catch/take sb.s fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/物chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, asias biggest building, and fancy_new_hotels.成都有许多新的百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和漂亮的新宾馆。do you fancy going_out this evening?今晚你想不想外出？she looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them caught_her_fancy.她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。i think sam really takes_a_fancy_to you.我想萨姆真地爱上了你。4 worthprep.值得的；相当于的价值 n价值；作用 adj.值钱的教材原句is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the amber room or yuanmingyuan in beijing？(p2)重建失去的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园，是否值得？(1)be (well) worth doing . (非常)值得做be worth the money/an effort/a try值得花钱/努力/一试be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)(2)(3)it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth_taking.我们权衡利弊，觉得值得冒一下风险。you may not succeed, but it is_worth_a_try.你可能不会成功，但值得一试。guilin is a beautiful place. its worthwhile_going/to_go there.桂林是个美丽的地方，值得去看看。this article is_well_worth_reading,_but it is not worthy_of_being_translated.这篇文章很值得一读，但不值得翻译。.单句语法填空1the world is a play that would not be worth _ (see) if we knew the plot.答案：seeingbe worth doing . “值得做”。此处doing用主动形式表被动含义。2although the eiffel tower _ (design) to last for 20 years, it is still standing today.答案：was designeddesign与the eiffel tower之间为被动关系，且根据语义可知，动作是过去发生的，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态。3the vase has so _ (amaze) a story that nobody cares about its beauty.答案：amazing此处为“soadj.a(n)n.”结构。又因此处修饰story，故用amazing。4we shouldnt be too crazy about learning english, but it is also too extreme to remove english _ college entrance exams.答案：fromremove . from . “把从去掉”。5some strange customs have survived _ earlier times.答案：fromsurvive from “从流传下来”。.单句改错1i dont really fancy do business with him._答案：dodoing2what the lecturer said at the meeting is of great valuable._答案：valuablevalue3people rare succeed unless they have fun in what they are doing._答案：rarerarely4its an formal party, so you neednt dress up._答案：formalinformal5there is no doubt whether this is against the international law._答案：whetherthatin search of 寻找；搜寻；寻求教材原句in search of the amber room(p1)寻找琥珀屋(1)search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身search forlook for寻找search . for . 为找到而搜查(2)常见的“in名词of”短语有：in memory of为了纪念in favour of支持；赞同in honour of为了纪念；为向表示敬意in need of需要in charge of掌管；负责in possession of拥有in search of “寻找，搜寻”，在句中常作表语或目的状语。名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/ones等限定词时，of一般换成for。search作动词用时，search的宾语是指搜查的范围，可以是人、物或地点；而搜寻要找的人或物时，要加介词for。i went off in_search_of a gas station where i could buy some petrol.我离开去寻找加油站买汽油。the police searched_the_suspect but found no weapons on him.警方搜查了嫌疑犯，但在他身上没找到武器。i searched the whole room for the lost key, but in vain.我搜遍了整个房间来寻找丢失的钥匙，但是徒劳。belong to 属于教材原句however, the next king of prussia, frederick william i, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.(p2)然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。(1)belong to表示“属于”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态，作后置定语时，常用现在分词，有类似用法的短语还包括：date back to/date from (追溯到)，consist of (由组成)等(2)belong vi.应在(某处)，适合(某种情形)，没有含被动意味的过去分词的用法(3)belongings n财产；所有物；相关事物as we all know, tigers and cats belong_to the same family of beasts.众所周知，老虎和猫属于同一科的野兽。all the workers belonging_to the factory must obey the rule.这个工厂的所有员工必须遵守这个规定。lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.在你的参观过程中有储物柜来储存任何财物。in return 作为报答；回报(1)in return (for sth.)作为(对的)回报return like for like以牙还牙(2)in turn依次；反过来by turns 轮流；时而时而theory is based on practice and in_turn serves practice.理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。he wanted to do something in_return_for the kindness that she offered him.他想做点什么事来回报她的好意。the book is, by_turns,_funny and very sad.这部书时而妙趣横生，时而悲悲戚戚。.选词填空1we offer an excellent education to our students. _， we expect students to work hard.答案：in return2the country has been _ with its neighbors for more than two years. every one in the country is really anxious for peace.答案：at war3young as the boy is, he is able to _ the toy car and put it together again.答案：take apart4the rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands _ any survivor in the earthquake.答案：in search of5a college classmate of mine, tim, was a firstrate football player, even though he weighed much _ the average player.答案：less than.完成句子1in china, the majority of society _ han ethnic group.在中国，大部分人属于汉族。答案：belongs to2we found that birch bark could _ paper.我们发现桦树皮可以作纸用。答案：serve as3his colleagues _ him though he himself didnt think he had done anything special.虽然他自己并没有觉得做了什么突出的事情，他的同事们却对他交口称赞。答案：thought highly of4_ going out to dinner, id prefer to eat here.我宁愿在这儿吃，而不是出去吃饭。答案：rather than5how do you _ something you have no interest in?你如何对你不感兴趣的事情培养出兴趣？答案：develop an interest infrederick william i，the king of prussia， could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the russian people would have such an amazing history.(p1)普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。在句中could have done sth.表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能做过某事”。该结构还表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本来能够去做某事却没有做”。有类似用法的结构还有：must have done sth. 过去一定做过某事might have done sth. 过去可能做过某事；本可能做某事neednt have done sth. 本没必要做某事却做了ought to/should have done sth. 本该做某事而未做would have done sth. 本来要做某事you could_have_done_better,_but you were too careless.你本能够做得更好，但你太粗心了。steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must_have_been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.蒸汽机被用来拖动车厢，因为烟和噪音，对乘客们来说那一定是相当不愉快的旅行。i neednt_have_worried before i came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。there is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for knigsberg， which was at that time a german city on the baltic sea.(p2)毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。(1)there is no doubt that . 为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”，that后面的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。doubt常见搭配：there is no doubt that . 毫无疑问there is some doubt whether . 有疑问i dont/never doubt that . 我确信i doubt whether/if . 我怀疑without/beyond doubt无疑；必定(2)类似的句型结构有：there isit is no use/no good/no need doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处/必要it is no wonder that . (no wonder that .)难怪；怪不得(1)当名词doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句，注意此时不可以用if替换whether。(2)及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。there_is_no_doubt_that our educational system leaves too much to be improved.毫无疑问，我们的教育制度还有许多待改善之处。there_is_some_doubt_whether he is suitable for the job.他是否胜任这项工作还有一些疑问。you can complain, but i doubt_if/whether it will make any difference.你可以抱怨，但我怀疑抱怨是否会有任何影响。there_is_no_need_to_put the meeting ahead because we still have three weeks before the end of the term.离这学期结束还有三周时间，因此我们没有必要提前开会。in a trial, a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe and which_not_to_believe. (p5)在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可信，哪些不可信。“疑问词不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。(1)在“疑问词不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。(2)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。疑问代词(who, which除外)后面须跟及物动词；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词；若接及物动词，动词不定式须有自己的宾语。from the teachers point of view, children should be left to decide what_to_read_and_how_to_read.从教师的观点来看，应该由孩子来决定读什么和怎么读。when_and_where_to_go_on_an_outing hasnt been decided.何时何地去郊游还没有决定。todays english learners have a wide choice of dictionaries from_which_to_choose.当今，有各种各样的词典可供英语学习者选择。.单句语法填空1there is still some doubt _the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school, but there is no doubt _ it will be held soon after our national day holiday.答案：whether; that第一空doubt用作名词，用在肯定句中，后面应接whether引导同位语从句，而不能用if；第二空为“there is no doubt that .”结构。2people are learning _ to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it.答案：how此处为“疑问词to do”结构作宾语。根据语义可知，此处填how。3he couldnt _ (drive) her to the airport because his car had been stolen.答案：have drivencouldnt have done sth.指过去不可能做某事，即对过去事情的否定推测。4the parents disagree over whether _ (send) their kid to international private school or not.答案：to send“whether to do”结构作介词宾语。5sorry, professor smith. i didnt finish the assignment yesterday.oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.答案：shouldshould have done表示“本应该做而未做”。.完成句子1tom is a stubborn boy, so it is no use _.汤姆是一个顽固的孩子，所以与他争辩是没用的。答案：debating with him2_among the workers is still a question.这些工人之间如何分工仍是一个问题。答案：how to divide labor 3he has been busy painting the house. _.他一直在刷房子，难怪他看来这么累。答案：no wonder he looks so tired限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句定语从句的种类定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。定语从句的定义1限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。this is the mp4 (that/which) i bought for my daughter yesterday.这是我昨天为女儿买的mp4。the old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。2非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在这类定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。he passed the driving test, which surprised his parents.他通过了驾照考试，这使他的父母很吃惊。.单句语法填空1lets go and help mary after school today, _ father is seriously ill in hospital.答案：whosewhose引导定语从句，修饰先行词mary，而whose本身也在从句中作定语，修饰father。句意：今天放学后我们去帮一下玛丽吧，她的父亲因重病住院了。2opposite is st pauls church, _ you can hear some lovely music.答案：where分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺少主语或宾语，先行词指地点，因此填where。3china today attracts a worldwide readership, _shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about china.答案：which分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且引导词指代主句内容，故填which。4the boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere_his employees enjoy their work.答案：where分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且先行词表示抽象地点，故填where。5as the smallest child of his family, alex is always longing for the time_he should be able to be independent.答案：when分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且先行词表时间，故填when。.单句改错1in their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is o