高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材重点全程攻略 Unit 5 Canada“The True North”讲义 新人教版必修3.doc

unit 5 canada-“the true north”话题素材地理知识话题词汇1surround vt. 包围；围绕 2.custom n. 风俗3widespread adj. 分布广泛的；普遍的 4.resource n. 资源5mountainous adj. 多山的 6.be_located_in 位于；坐落于7with a population of 有人口8have/cover an area of . square kilometers 占地面积为平方公里9have a history of . 有的历史10take_on_a_new_look 呈现新面貌11be_wellknown_for/as 因为/作为而著名12settle_down 定居13be separated from与分离14come_into_being 开始存在；产生15in the distance 在远处；在远方经典佳句1toronto has some top tourist_attractions,_which attract millions of visitors every year.多伦多有一些顶级的旅游景点，每年吸引数百万游客前来参观。2covering_a_total_area_of 7,434 square kilometers, this city has_a_population_of about ten million.这座城市占地面积达7,434平方公里，人口大约是1,000万。3the great wall is one_of_the_most_attractive_places_of_ interest,_attracting_tens_of_thousands_of_visitors_from_home_and_abroad every year.长城是最有吸引力的名胜之一，每年吸引成千上万来自国内外的游客来观光。精美语篇dear li hua，i am glad to know that you are going to study in canada, so i am writing to tell you something about this country.canada is the second largest country with the largest number of lakes in the world. the majority of people live in the central part of the country, while fishing and forestry are of great importance in the eastern part. i suggest that you should choose to study in the east, where not many international students study and tuition is lower. vancouver is a good choice, for it is canadas warmest and most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the pacific ocean. most people will go to a clinic instead of a hospital, because it is very expensive to see a doctor there. so i advise you to buy medical insurance, which is 54 canadian dollars a year.best wishes.yours，helen高频单词1baggage (n.) 行李luggage (同义词) (n.) 行李2surround (vt.) 包围；围绕surroundings (n.) (复)周围的事物；环境surrounding (adj.) 周围的3measure (vi.& vt.) 测量；衡量；判定 (n.) 计量制；计量单位；措施4aboard (prep.& adv.) 在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上；上(船、飞机、火车等)5within (prep.) 在之内6border (n.) 边界；国界；边沿 (vt.& vi.) 与接壤；接近7slight (adj.) 轻微的；微小的slightly (adv.) 稍稍；轻微地8urban (adj.) 城市的；市镇的rural (反义词) (adj.) 乡村的；农村的9topic (n.) 话题10mix (vt.& vi.) 混合；调配mixture (n.) 混合(物)；混合状态11confirm (vt.) 证实；证明；批准confirmation (n.)证实；证明；认可12wealthy (adj.) 富有的wealth (n.) 财富13distance (n.) 距离；远方distant (adj.) 远处的；遥远的；疏远的14mist (n.) 薄雾misty (adj.) 有薄雾的；模糊的15downtown (adj.) 市区的 (adv.) 在市区；往市区16approximately (adv.) 接近；大约approximate (adj.) 接近的；大约的17dawn (n.) 黎明；拂晓；破晓18broad (adj.) 宽阔的；广泛的broaden (v.) 增长；扩大；(使)变宽19nearby (adv.) 在附近 (adj.) 附近的；邻近的near (prep.) 在附近20tradition (n.) 传统；风俗traditional (adj.) 传统的；习俗的 traditionally (adv.) 传统地21terrify (vt.) 使恐怖；恐吓terrified (adj.) 恐惧的；受惊吓的terror (n.) 恐惧terrible (adj.) 恐惧的；可怕的22pleased (adj.) 欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的please (v.) 请；使满意；使愉快pleasure (n.) 高兴；愉快；快乐23impress (vt.) 使印象深刻；使铭记impressive (adj.) 给人印象深刻的；感人的impression (n.) 印象重点短语1rather_than 与其；不愿2be_surrounded_by/with 被包围3settle_down 定居；平静下来；专心于4manage_to_do 设法做5catch_sight_of 看见；瞥见6have a gift for 有天赋7in the distance 在远处8as far as 远到；直到；至于9at dawn 在黎明10dream about/of 梦想热点句型1序数词最高级it is the_second_largest country (第二大国) in the world. (教材p33)2rather than “与其，不愿”，连接并列部分rather_than_take_the_aeroplane_all_the_way (不愿一路乘飞机), they decided to fly to vancouver and then take the train from west to east across canada. (教材p34)3比较级any other . “比任何一个都”canada has more_fresh_water_than_any_other_country_ (淡水要比任何其他国家都多) in the world. (教材p34)4独立主格结构it is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some_measuring (一些树高达) over 90 metres.(教材p34)5not . until . “直到才”they were not_leaving_for_montreal_until_later (晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔), so they went on a tour of the city.(教材p38)6as far as . “直到；远到”its too bad you_cant_go_as_far_as (你不能一直走至) ottawa, canadas capital. (教材p38)同步训练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1_ the way to the station, he chatted _ their trip.答案：on; about2_ (go) eastward, you will pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.答案：going3people say it is canadas most beautiful city, _ (surround) by mountains and the pacific ocean.答案：surrounded4skiing in the rocky mountains and _ (sail) in the harbour make vancouver one of the canadas most famous cities to live _.答案：sailing; in5the girls were surprised at the fact _ ocean ships can sail up the great lakes.答案：that6it has onethird of the worlds total fresh water, and much of _ is in the great lakes.答案：it7there was frost on the ground, _ (confirm) that fall had arrived in canada.答案：confirming8_ dinner at a restaurant called the pink pearl, the cousins chatted with lin fei, _ had moved to canada many years earlier.答案：over; who9there were signs and ads in french, some of _ had english words in smaller letters.答案：which10they spent the afternoon in lovely shops _ (visit) artists in their workplaces beside the water.答案：visiting1 surroundvt.& vi. 包围；围绕教材原句people say it is canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the pacific ocean.(p34)人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被山脉和太平洋环抱。(1)surround sb./sth. with sb./sth.使某人/物包围某人/物be surrounded by/with . 被包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的(3)surroundings n. 环境surroundings指周围具体的、物质性的环境，而environment指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。the boy grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment.这个男孩成长的周边环境很漂亮，但家庭环境不幸福。surround_yourself_with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you are.让你自己被积极向上的人所围绕，他们在喜欢你这个人的同时挑战你，从而使你成为更优秀的人。as a child, i was_surrounded_by love and kindness.幼年时我备受关爱。surrounded_by the sea on three sides, modern qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in china.现代的青岛三面环水，被认为是中国最宜居住的城市之一。the house is situated in very pleasant surroundings.那所房子所处的环境非常优美。2 measurevt.& vi.测量；衡量；判定n计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸教材原句it is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.(p34)那儿湿气大，树木极高，有些树高度超过90米。(1)measure . by . 用来衡量be measured by/in 用来衡量/计算(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事make sth. to sb.s measure照某人的尺寸做某物take ones measure 给某人量尺寸measure意为“有长/宽/高”时为不及物动词，常用主动形式。the classroom measures 30 feet long and 20 feet wide.这个教室长30英尺，宽20英尺。its generally acknowledged that education shouldnt be_measured only by examination results.普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。we appeal to the government to take_measures_to_prevent it from bad to worse.我们呼吁政府采取措施阻止它进一步恶化。in the old days, my mother always made new clothes to_my_own_measure with the spring festival coming.过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身定做新衣服。3 confirmvt.证实；证明；批准教材原句 . there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in canada. (p38)地面上覆盖了一层霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事confirm a contract 确认合同confirm sth./that/whether . 证实it has been confirmed that . 已经证实when the interview is one day away, send an email to confirm_ the_time of the appointment.在面试的前一天，发一封确认面试时间的电子邮件。the latest evidence confirmed me in his honesty.最新的证据让我坚信他是诚实的。it_has_been_confirmed_that the meeting will take place next week.已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。4 distancen距离；远方；遥远；疏远v与保持距离；与疏远教材原句in the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great niagara falls, which is on the south side of the lake.(p38)在远处，她们可以看到在湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。(1)in the distance 在远处at/from a distance 从远处；离一段距离at a distance of . 在的距离within walking distance 步行即可到达；步行距离之内keep sb. at a distance 对冷淡；与疏远；和某人保持距离(2)distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的提问距离多远时，如果用distance，则疑问词用what。what is the distance between philadelphia and chicago?从费城到芝加哥有多远？we saw lights in_the_distance.我们看到了远处的点点灯光。the beach is within_walking_distance of my house.海滩离我家很近，走几步路就到了。it was difficult to get to know her because she always kept_ everyone_at_a_distance.很难了解她，因为她总是对每个人保持一定距离。the time we spent together is now a distant memory.我们一起度过的时光现已成为久远的记忆。5 impressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记；铭刻；给留下极深的印象教材原句describe two or three things that impressed you most and your feelings when you experienced them.(p39)描绘两三件给你印象最深刻的事情和当你经历它们的时候的感觉。(1)impress sth. on/upon sb.impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事物be impressed by/with/at 对印象深刻it impresses sb. that . 令人佩服的是(2)impression n. 印象；感想make/leave/give/create an impression on/upon . 给一个印象have/get the impression that . 有的印象(3)impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的my father impressed_me_with the value of hard work.我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值。the audience was_impressed_by his amazing performance.观众被他惊艳的表演打动了。the new teacher made/left_a_good_impression_on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.那位新老师以她丰富的知识和幽默的语言给同学们留下了很好的印象。she was very impressive in the interview.她在面试中表现得十分出色。.单句语法填空1as is known to us, may day is a _ (tradition) day for celebrations.答案：traditional此处用形容词修饰名词day, traditional day “传统的日子”。2fairly _ (terrify) of being washed away, james was struggling to grab the edge of the boat.答案：terrifiedbe terrified of “害怕；恐惧”，此处省略be动词作状语，说明james的状态。3a cool rain was falling _ (mix) with snow, causing heavy traffic.答案：mixedmix与其逻辑主语rain之间为被动关系，故填mixed。4walking out of the theater, the famous singer found many fans _ (surround) there to greet her.答案：surrounding此处的“find宾语宾补”结构中，surround与many fans为主动关系，且表动作正在进行，故用现在分词形式。5after the typhoon, people found some tall trees, _ (measure) more than 10 meters, lying on the ground.答案：measuringmeasure用作系动词，意为“尺寸是”，常用主动形式。此处用现在分词形式作定语，修饰tall trees。6its reported that januarys sales were _ (slight) better than average.答案：slightly此处副词形式修饰形容词better。slightly意为“稍稍；轻微地”。.完成句子1_ the girl was that she was nervous and shy.我对那个女孩的印象是她既紧张又害羞。答案：my impression of2its a beautiful house, especially _.这是一所漂亮的房子，从远处看尤其如此。答案：at a distance3your item will be shipped out on monday, then i will _ with you again.你的物品将于周一发货，到时我会再次跟你确认信息。答案：confirm the information4it saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _.在厨房里把你用得多的物品放在伸手就能够得着的地方会省时。答案：within your easy reachsettle down 定居；平静下来；专心于；着手 教材原句that afternoon aboard the train， the cousins settled down in their seats.(p34)那天下午表姐妹俩登上了火车落了座。(1)settle in/into 适应/习惯新的工作环境/新情况/新家/新学校等settle down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事；着手认真(做)某事settle a problem/an argument/a dispute 解决问题/争议/争论(2)settlement n. 解决；处理；决定；和解；殖民地reach/arrive at/come to a settlement 达成协议settle in 表示刚到一个新的环境安顿下来，而settle down强调的是适应环境后安顿下来。ive decided to settle_down in beijing.我决定在北京定居。it takes a few months to settle_into life at college.适应大学生活需要几个月时间。before we settle_down_to_discussing other things, ive a question to ask you.在我们开始讨论别的事情之前，我有个问题要请教你。with a lot of difficult problems to_settle,_the newlyelected president is having a hard time.有很多难题要解决，这位新任总经理的日子不好过。the manager and the workers have_reached_a_settlement over new working conditions.经理和工人们已就新的工作条件达成协议。manage to do 设法做教材原句 . they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.(p34)她们总算看到了一些野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。manage sb. 设法对付/控制某人manage sth. 经营/管理某事物(如公司或组织)manage it 能做到manage to do sth.设法做成某事she knows how to manage_him when hes angry.她知道他生气时如何对付他。he took great pains to manage_the_factory well.为了管理好工厂，他可真是煞费苦心。thats not a hard job. im sure i can manage_it myself.那活儿又不难干。我相信我一个人就能对付得了。half an hour later, i managed_to_find the correct answer.半个小时后，我设法找到了正确答案。易混辨析manage to do “设法做成某事”，不定式所表示的动作一定完成了，相当于succeed in doing sth.try to do “努力做某事”，不定式所表示的动作不一定完成catch sight of 看见；发现教材原句earlier that day, when they crossed the rocky mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.(p34)那天早些时候，当火车穿越落基山脉时，她们总算看到了一些野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。at first sight 初次见到时；乍看上去at the sight of 一看见就lose sight of 看不见(表动作)lose ones sight 失明out of sight 看不见(视野之外)(表状态)in/within sight 看得见；在眼前i caught_sight_of her hurrying away but i did not try to speak to her.我看见她匆忙走开，但我并没有跟她讲话。we went to have a look at the house and it was loved at_first_sight.我们去看了一下房子，并对此房一见钟情。at_the_sight_of the policemen, the thief ran away immediately.贼一见到警察就逃跑了。when shaw lost_his_sight,_his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog.肖失明后，他的妻子建议他申请一只导盲犬。my father waved until we were out_of_sight.父亲挥着手，直到再也看不见我们。.选词填空 catch sight of； have a gift for； manage to do； in the distance； as far as； be impressed with1the first time i visited the great wall, i _ its wonderful scenery.答案：was impressed with2you cant imagine how excited i was when i saw the ancient tower _.答案：in the distance3_ i am concerned, he is one of the most talented students in our class.答案：as far as4there was a hole in the door, through which i _ mr brown sitting in a chair.答案：caught sight of5the greens have an eightyearold girl who _ painting.答案：has a gift for6in spite of these unexpected difficulties, those scientists _ carry out their experiments on the lonely island.答案：managed to.完成句子1wait until the students _ before you start the lesson.等学生们都静下来再开始上课。答案：settle down2he was engaged in writing _ surfing the interent.他正忙着写作而不是在浏览网页。答案：rather than3hes always _ people who adore him.他时时刻刻被崇拜者包围。答案：been surrounded by/with4the boats set off _.天一亮船队就出发了。答案：at dawnrather than take the aeroplane all the way， they decided to fly to vancouver and then take the train from west to east across canada.(p34) 她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。(1)rather than而不是(连接平行结构)(2)other than不同于；除了or other更确切地说more than 多于；不仅仅；非常(1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。they said the director, rather than the clerks, was responsible for the incident.他们说不是职员，而是主管要为这次事件负责。(2)would rather从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟；用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。i would rather you didnt do anything for the time being.我宁愿你暂时先什么都不要做。rather_than travel by air, id prefer a week on a big liner.我宁愿乘一周的巨型邮轮，也不愿坐飞机。there was nothing we could do other_than wait.除了等待以外，我们没有其他办法。i met him very late on friday night, or_rather early on saturday morning.我在星期五深夜见到他，更确切地说是在星期六凌晨。they would_rather go fishing than stay at home.他们宁愿去钓鱼，也不愿待在家里。it is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.(p34)那儿湿气大，树木极高，有些树高度超过90米。此句中some measuring over 90 metres是独立主格结构。独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，而非句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成为：名词/代词现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。leaves_falling_here_and_there,_i suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.树叶到处飘着，我一下子意识到秋天来临了。there_being_no_bus,_we had to walk home after the party was over.在晚会结束后，没有公共汽车，我们不得不走回家。his_dinner_eaten_alone,_philip walked straight into the library.独自一个人吃完饭后，菲利普径直走进图书馆。a robber burst into the room, knife_in_hand.劫匪手里拿着刀闯进房间。terrible as the storm was, umbrellas_tightly_held in our hands, we continued our way.尽管风暴很可怕，但我们手里紧握着雨伞，继续前行。.单句语法填空1a dog was knocked down by a car while running across the road, his owner _ (chat) with others without noticing it.答案：chatting前后两个分句间没有连词，可知后一部分为独立主格结构，chat与his owner之间为主动关系，故填chatting。2i think it is tom rather than you that _ (be) to blame for the accident.答案：israther than连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的形式与前者在人称和数上保持一致。3i would rather that you _ (meet) her at the airport tomorrow morning.答案：metwould rather后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，表对现在或将来的虚拟，用一般过去时；表对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时，此句中时间状语tomorrow morning提示对将来虚拟，故用一般过去时met。4he didnt realize the love we have for our families is important _ he went through hardships.答案：untilnot . until . “直到才”。句意：直到他经历了困难他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。5the problem _ (solve), the quality has been improved.答案：solved分析句子结构可知，逗号后的句子前没有连词，所以前一部分为独立主格结构，solve与problem之间为被动关系，故填solved。.完成句子1hoping that no one would notice that i was shaking inside, i threw my voice _.希望没人注意到我内心在颤抖，我尽力用洪亮的声音喊着。答案：as far as it could reach2he was listening attentively in class, his eyes _.他上课专心听讲，眼睛盯着黑板。答案：focused/fixed on the blackboard3id rather you _ that day.我真希望你那天没有把消息告诉他。答案：hadnt told him the news同位语从句同位语从句(appositive clause)在句子中作某一抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，解释和说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt, promise, suggestion, order, possibility等。1通常用连词whether, that引导同位语从句， that无词义，也不作句子成分，不能省略，从句用陈述语序。some people have the idea that you can cross canada in less than five days.一些人有这样的观点：你可以在不到五天之内横穿加拿大。the student asked me the question whether the book was worth reading.那个学生问我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。2同位语从句还可以用疑问代词who, which, what和疑问副词when, where, why, how等引导。the question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。3定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释。另外，that的功能不同。that引导同位语从句时，无词义，不作成分，但不能省略；而that引导定语从句时，可代指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。the news that our team has won the game was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(that引导的同位语从句解释说明news到底是一个什么消息)the news (that) he told me yesterday was true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(that引导定语从句，修饰先行词news，在从句中作told的宾语).单句语法填空1the fact _ i was found to have adhd made my mother sad.答案：that设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容，从句中不缺成分和语义，故填that。句意：我被发现患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的事实让我母亲很难过。2the problem will appear _ a different welfare system should be created.答案：whether设空处引导同位语从句，说明problem的内容。注意此句中the problem与其同位语从句分隔开了。从句中不缺主语或宾语，结合句意可