高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 14 Careers课下作业 北师大版必修5.doc

unit 14 careers写作句型锤炼主体段落常用句型锤炼：it作形式主语先熟读背诵精彩句型烂熟于心1. it is reported that there will be a chinese paper-cutting show this sunday in the art gallery.据悉，本星期日在美术馆将有一个中国剪纸展。(2017全国卷书面表达)2. its a great pity that i have to cancel the sunday bookstore appointment with you.非常遗憾我不得不取消我们周日一块儿逛书店的约定。(2016全国卷书面表达)3.as far as im concerned, it is everyones duty to protect the earth.(2016北京卷书面表达)在我看来，保护地球是每个人的责任。4. it is likely that i will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.有可能我会在学校里作为一名志愿者当教学助手。(山东卷满分作文)5.its no use doing a lot of work without thoughtful planning.没有周到的计划而做一大堆工作是没用的。后临摹仿写妙语佳句信手拈来1.你对这个问题竟然作了这样的回答，令人吃惊。it_is_a_surprise_that_you_should_have_given_such_an_answer_to_the_question.2.要及时做好一切准备很难。it_was_very_difficult_to_get_everything_ready_in_time. 3.这个方法是否更科学值得怀疑。it_is_doubtful_whether_this_method_is_more_scientific. 会书写一、核心单词1.reward n.奖赏2.charge vt. 收费，要价n. 负责3.aid n. 援助，帮助4.quarrel vi. 争吵，吵架5.consult vt. 请教；查阅6.decrease v. 减少，降低7.envy vt. 羡慕，妒忌8.bother vt. 打扰；烦扰二、阅读单词1.liquid n. 液体2.continent n. 大陆，洲3.flexible adj. 灵活的，柔韧的4.bonus n. 额外津贴，奖金5.multiply v. 大量增加；乘6.division n. 部门；分割7.institute n. 机构；学院8.receipt n. 收据，收条9.comprehension n. 理解10.casual adj. 随意的，非正式的11.dynamic adj. 精力充沛的12.typewriter n. 打字机三、拓展单词1.constantly adv.不断地constant adj.不断的；不变的2.illegal adj.不合法的，违法的legal adj.合法的3.commit vt.投入committed adj.尽责的4.appointment n.约定，约会；任命，委派appoint vt.任命，指派；预约，安排5.guidance n.指导guide n.向导，导游v.带领，引导6.wisdom n.智慧wise adj.明智的，聪明的7.instant n.片刻，瞬息 adj.瞬间的，立即的，紧急的instantly adv.即刻地，马上地instance n.例子；事例；情况8.surrounding adj.附近的，周围的surround v.包围，围绕surroundings n.环境9.hesitate v.犹豫，踌躇hesitation n.犹豫，踌躇10.existence n.存在；生活exist v.存在11.comfort n.& vt.(使)安慰，舒适comfortable adj.安慰的，舒适的12.operate vi.运转，运作；做手术 vt.操作operation n.操作，手术operator n.操作员；接线员13.respond vi.回复，回答；反应response n.回复，响应，反应，回答14.inspect v.审查inspection n.检查，视察inspector n.检查员，视察员15.glory n.荣耀的事，值得骄傲的事glorious adj.光荣的，荣耀的会积累1.“帮助”家族aid n.& vt.帮助，援助help n.& vt. 帮助assist vt. 帮助；协助assistance n. 帮助；协助support n.& vt. 支持；帮助sponsor vt. 赞助fund vt. 资助2.“查字典”的表达法consult a dictionaryrefer to a dictionarylook up a word in a dictionary3.由decrease想到的decrease to.表示“降到”decrease by.表示“降了多大幅度”有类似用法的动词还有：increase，reduce，decline，drop4.由liquid想到的fluid n. 流体solid n. 固体gas n. 气体；燃气steam n. 水蒸气5.说说“七大洲”asia 亚洲europe 欧洲north america 北美洲south america 南美洲africa 非洲oceania 大洋洲antarctica 南极洲会应用用所给词的适当形式填空1.its illegal (legal) to read peoples private letters without permission.2.without hesitation (hesitate) the brave soldier jumped into the lake to save the drowning child.3.i reminded him of the appointment，but he didnt make any response (respond).4.a country should mainly rely on the strength and wisdom (wise) of its own people.5.it was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence (exist).6.the guide led us to the tourism spot and then all our activities took place under her guidance.(guide)7.i made an appointment with my friend tom yesterday.he told me that he was appointed to a remote village.(appoint)8.her father is an expert operator.only he can operate the new machine in the factory.(operate)9.the instant my father received the news that my grandpa became ill，he went to the hospital instantly.(instant)10.“dont be disappointed，” he comforted his friend.“lets go to the beach and the sunlight and wind will make you more comfortable.that is，you can get more comfort there.”(comfort).核心短语识记联想运用会书写1.make_up 编造；组成2.turn_over 反转3.go_into_detail(s) 讨论，细谈4.speak_up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出5.take_charge_of 接管，控制6.make_out 声称；听出，看出7.sit_up 坐直；熬夜8.believe_in 信任，信仰9.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功10.keep up with 跟上，赶上11.in case 以防万一；万一12.above all 最重要的是13.leave behind 留下；落在后面14.due to 由于15.in addition 此外16.turn up 出现，到达会积累1.make短语大集合make it成功，达到目的make out 辨认出；理解make sense of 理解make room for 给腾出地方2.含all的短语归纳after all 到底，毕竟first of all 首先in all 总共all at once 突然；同时；马上all of a sudden 突然all the best 万事如意all the same 尽管如此；仍旧(照样)above all 首先；最重要的是会应用选用上表左栏短语填空1.can you give me some advice on how to make_up for the time i have lost?2.we couldnt make_out what they were talking about in the next room.3.he devoted most of his time to his training and his effort paid_off eventually in the olympics.4.small sailboats can easily turn_over in the water if they are not managed carefully.5.youd better not believe_in him.he is a cheater.6.mother set the pace so that her children would keep_up_with her.7.we arranged to meet at 7：30，but she never turned_up.8.if you ask the fast runner to set the pace，then most of the runners will be left_behind.经典句式分析背诵仿写句型公式1：the instant引导时间状语从句教材原句the instant she stopped asking questions，i got up and went out of the room.她一停止问问题，我就起身走出了房间。句型仿写the_instant_lu_han_got_out_of_the_airport，he was surrounded by his fans.鹿晗一出机场，就被歌迷们围了起来。句型公式2：finditadj.to do sth教材原句between now and the 21st century，citizens of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。句型仿写nobody thinks/considers_it_easy_for_you_to_finish the work without outside help.没有人认为没有外力帮助，你就能轻易地完成那项工作。句型公式3：not.but.“不是而是”教材原句its not about making men more like women，but helping men to communicate as well.其目的不是令男人更像女人，而是帮助男人同样良好地沟通。句型仿写sometimes it is not_what_you_say_but_the_way_you_say_it that matters.有时是你说话的方式而不是你说话的内容才是重要的。句型公式4：whatever引导让步状语从句教材原句whatever i do，it will be with music.我无论做什么，都与音乐有关。 句型仿写we will never give up studying，whatever_happens.无论发生什么事，我们都将不会放弃学习。.语篇填空回顾补全热诵阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。this passage gives the readers a personality test，through 1.which the readers can learn more about their characteristics and find a right job for themselves.it mainly shows you how 2.to_find (find) the right job for yourself.if one of your friends asks for your help 3.on how to write a plot summary for a book report，you could give her a model paragraph，some advice and tell her some 4.useful (use) books names.if your boss asks your team to give aid to other people，you may tell everyone in your team to do certain jobs，and try your best to set 5.an example for them.but if something happens you first take charge of the situation，6.keep (keep) calm during your journey and try to get some help to calm others 7.down.in a word，8.whatever happens in your life，you must make 9.yourself keep calm first then try to make a quick and correct decision，and at the same time，try to get other people to aid your 10.decision (decide).语篇改错回顾修正热诵文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。as a child，wang junyan never dreamed of become a famous person on tv because of her family was poor.however，now she was the presenter for universe tvs news programmes.it was her mother who influenced me very much.after graduating from university，she became reporter for a local newspaper.once，her report helped the affecting people but assisted the government to catch the guilty people.“although there isnt much glory in a reporters existence，i find it interested and challenging，” she said.she added that she was constant challenged to learn new thing.答案as a child，wang junyan never dreamed of a famous person on tv because her family was poor.however，now she the presenter for universe tvs news programmes.it was her mother who influenced very much.after graduating from university，she became) reporter for a local newspaper.once，her report helped the people assisted the government to catch the guilty people.“although there isnt much glory in a reporters existence，i find it and challenging，” she said.she added that she was challenged to learn new .核 心 词 汇1.reward n.奖赏，回报vt.奖赏；给以报酬(1)give sb a reward for (doing) sth因(做)而得到奖赏in reward(for) 作为报酬，作为回报(2)reward sb with sth for (doing) sth 因(做)某事用某物奖励某人he was given a reward for passing the examination.他因考试及格而获得奖品。he received a medal in reward for his bravery.he was rewarded with a medal for his bravery.他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。易混辨析reward，award名词动词reward报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb for (doing) sthaward奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似意为“授予，颁发”，常用搭配：award sb sthaward sth to sb选用以上词语填空li ping was rewarded for saving a boy and she was awarded a medal at the conference.李萍因救了一名男孩而受到了奖励，而且她还在大会上获了奖。2.charge vt.& vi.收费；指控；赋予职责；充电；使充满(情绪)n.费用；主管(1)charge sb for sth为某物向某人收取费用charge sb with (doing) sthaccuse sb of (doing) sth 控告某人(做)某事(2)take charge of 掌管/负责in charge of 控制/管理in the charge of 受的管理free of charge 免费as long as youve paid in advance，we wont charge you for delivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。the man who had_taken_charge_of the company was charged with taking drugs.曾经掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。the company is in the charge of tom while the boss is away.tom is in charge of the company while the boss is away.tom takes charge of the company while the boss is away.汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。名师指津in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”； in the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有：in control of“控制”，in the control of“由控制”；in possession of“拥有”，in the possession of“被拥有”。熟词生义读句子猜含义the shaver can be charged and used while travelling.充电3.consult vt.& vi.请教；查阅；商量(1)consult sb about sth向某人请教/咨询某事consult with sb about sth 与某人商量某事consult a dictionary/map 查字典/地图consult with sb about/on sth 就与某人交换意见(2)consultant n. c顾问we will consult together with advisors about her education.我们将一起和专家商议她的教育事宜。when in doubt about the meaning of a word，consult_a_dictionary.当拿不准词义时，查查词典。before we can accept the firms offer we must consult_with the workers.我们与工人们商量后才能接受公司的条件。4.commit vt.投入；使承诺；犯(错误，罪行等)(1)commit sb to (doing) sth使某人承诺(做)某事commit oneself to (doing) sth 答应(做)某事commit suicide/a crime/a murder 自杀/犯罪/谋杀(2)commitment n. 承诺；保证；承担义务make a commitment 作出承诺the contract commits him to playing (play) for the team for the next three years.合同规定，未来的三年里他要为该队效力。the local government has_committed_large_amounts_of_money_to housing projects.当地政府已在住宅项目上投入了大量资金。i felt i did not have to make such a commitment(commit) to them.我觉得我没有必要对他们作出那样的承诺。5.hesitate v.犹豫，踌躇(1)hesitate to do sthhesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth对(做)某事犹豫不决(2)hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫without hesitation 毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事if there is something else i can do for you，please dont hesitate to_contact(contact) me.如果我还能为你做点什么，请马上与我联系。i hesitate about/in/at/over taking his side until i know the whole story.我在知道整件事以前犹豫是否支持他。we have no hesitation(hesitate) in accepting your most generous offer.我们毫不犹豫地接受你最慷慨的捐赠。6.decrease v.& n.减少，降低(1)decrease in.在(方面)降低/减少decrease to. 减少到decrease by. 减少了(2)a decrease in 在(方面)减少on the decrease 在减少in our school the number of students who are addicted to computer games is on the decrease.在我们学校迷恋网络的学生数目正在下降。the number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。7.operate vi.运转；运作；做手术，起作用vt.操作；经营一词多义写出下列句中operate的含义the doctor decided to operate at once.动手术the medicine will operate in ten minutes.起作用you operate the mechanism by winding this handle.操作they operate three factories and a huge warehouse.经营(1)operate on sb/sth给动手术(2)operation n. 运作；经营；手术bring/o operation 使运转；实施sth comes/goes into operation 实施，生效；开始运行in operation 在运行中，起作用perform/do an operation 做手术she was very anxious while her husband was_being_operated_on.当她丈夫正在接受手术治疗时，她焦虑万分。when the machine is in_operation，keep away from it.机器运转时，请勿靠近。we must bring/put_the_plan_into_operation as soon as possible.我们必须尽快让计划实施。名师指津operate可单独使用，用主动形式表示被动意义，这时其后常跟副词well，properly等。8.respond vi.反应；回复，回答(1)respond to回答，对作出反应respond that 回应称(2)response n. 回答；反应；响应make a/no response to. 对给予/没有回答in response to 作为对的反应the famous film star made no response (respond)to the questions asked by reporters.那位知名影星没有对记者的提问给予回答。receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it.接收到一个信息并不意味着你需要回复。9.bother vt.打扰；烦扰n.烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人(1)bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother about/with sth 为某事烦恼bother to do sth 特意做某事it bothers sb that/to do sth 使某人苦恼的是(2)put sb to any bother 给某人添乱why bother 没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦in this kind of high-pressure situation，many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings.在这种高压情况下，很多领导人频繁开会，从而让员工感到厌烦。you dont bother to_get (get)dinner for me today.ill eat out.今天，不要麻烦为我预备饭了，我要在外边吃。it_bothers_me_to_think_of her alone in that big house.想到她孤零零地呆在那所大房子里我便坐立不安。名师指津bother作“麻烦”“困难”讲时，是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事物”“讨厌的人”讲时，是可数名词。he is really a bother，for he is always putting others to bother.他确实是个极为讨厌的人，总是给别人添堵。10.make up占，形成，构成；编造，虚构；组成；和解，和好；化妆，化装；弥补(for)一词多义写出下列句中make up的含义it took her more than an hour to make herself up.打扮they made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson.弥补they quarreled the other day but they made up soon.和解dont make up any excuse for your being late again.编造，虚构farm workers make up only a small section of the population.占，构成leave this notice hanging on your door，asking the servant to make up your room.整理make up for弥补，补偿make up ones mind 下定决心make out (费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚make it 取得成功；准时到达；做到了be made up of 由组成the flight leaves in twenty minuteswell never make_it.再过二十分钟飞机就要起飞了，咱们无论如何也赶不上了。i could hear voices but i couldnt make_out what they are saying.我能听到说话的声音，却听不清他们在说什么。11.pay off得到好结果，取得成功；还清；(付清工资后)解雇一词多义写出下列句中pay off的含义it would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.还清sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.得到好的结果another two employees have been paid off by the boss because of playing computer games at work.(付清工资后)解雇did your daring plan pay off？取得成功pay back偿还；报复pay for 付的钱；遭受惩罚pay a visit to 参观；看望ill certainly pay_you_back for what you did to me!你那样对待我，我一定会回敬你！if you dont work hard now，youll pay_for_it later when you fail your exams.如果你现在不努力学习，到考试不及格时就得为此付出代价。名师指津pay off当“(努力、辛苦)取得好结果，得到回报”讲时，为不及物动词短语，在句中用主动语态。12.in case万一；以防in case of.假使，在情况下in any case 无论如何in no case 绝不，在任何情况下都不in this/that case 如果是这样/那样in the case of. 就而言as is often the case 这是常有的事we have to go past your house in_any_case，so well take you home.不管怎样，我们都要经过你家，所以我们会送你回去。take an umbrella with you in case it rains.take an umbrella with you in case of rain.it may rain；take an umbrella in case.带把伞以防下雨。名师指津(1)in case后跟状语从句时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，有时可用“should动词原形”。而in case of后跟名词，不跟从句。(2)in no case位于句首时，句子部分倒装。in no case should_the_patient be allowed to get up until he has recovered from his illness.病人要痊愈才能起床。重 点 句 型between now and the 21st century，citizens of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find_it_more_and_more_difficult to keep up with the demand for change.从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。(1)句中使用了“finditadj.to do sth”结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语“to keep up with the demand for change”，形容词difficult作宾语补足语。his decision made it possible for us to_finish (finish) the work by four oclock this afternoon.他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。(2)it作形式宾语，用于“动词it宾补真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：he said a lot but didnt make it clear when_and_where_the_meeting_would_be_held.他说了很多但还没有说明白这个会议什么时候在哪里召开。we consider it necessary that_we_should_have_a_good_command_of_a_foreign_language.我们认为精通一门外语是很有必要的。当 堂 达 标.单词拼写1.there was something in her attitude that bothered (使不安)him.2.he hesitated (犹豫)for a while before he made the phone call.3.protective clothing must be worn when the machine is operating (运作).4.when i used his telephone，he charged (收费) me nothing.5.experts suggest people should decrease (减少) the amount of fat they eat.6.we have to consult (商量) together about what to do next.7.she was given a medal as a reward (奖赏) for her service.8.the president responded (回应)to this with a blistering attack on his critic.单句语法填空1.in response (respond) to complaints，the company reviewed its safety procedures.2.i also hope that the great efforts i am making will pay off.3.because of water pollution，some fishes have been on the decrease.4.to my surprise，she got nothing in reward for her kindness.5.a thinking person must commit himself to working (work) for peace.6.we were at your service.dont hesitate to_turn (turn) to us if you have any questions.7.in case he arrives (arrive) before i get back，please call me.8.no matter how busy he is，he makes it a rule to read at least 20 minutes a day.单句改错1.the teacher asked the students to make out short dialogues by themselves.outup2.the production cost of these trucks has decreased to one third compared to last year.第一个toby3.in my opinion，its not the passengers but the driver that are to blame.areis4.the doctor in the charge of the operation was taken to the police station to give an explanation of the medical accident.去掉第二个the5.he consulted with his dictionary to look up the meaning of the word “consult”.去掉with.句型转换1.in fact，i still find it is hard to arrive there on time.in fact，i still find it hard to arrive there on time.2.the whole company will be in the charge of tom next week.tom will be in charge of the whole company next week.3.without any hesitation，he jumped into t