高考英语一轮选练习题 Unit 1 Great scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5(1).doc

必修5unit 1李仕才考点规范练(必修5unit 1)【短文语法填空】susan: larry, how soon shall we arrive in toronto?larry: if we dont make any more stops, we _1_ be there by nightfall.susan: what? by nightfall? i am starving to death. _2_ we stop and find something to eat?larry: actually, we have a free dinner waiting for us at the hotel in toronto.susan: i know, but i _3_ stand the hunger any more.larry: you know me, susan. i dont like to spend money. sorry.susan: yeah, you are really cheap! if you _4_ so cheap, we _5_ (fly) to thailand for our vacation instead of driving to toronto.larry: thailand? dont be ridiculous! even if i werent cheap, you know we _6_ afford to go that far away for vacation!susan: well, you _7_ afford a stop for food, right?larry: if we do, we _8_ waste time, gas, and money. i think we _9_ just wait until we get to toronto. oh, hey, i remember you are fond of candy. i think i _10_ have some of that candy you like in my backpack.susan: candy? great!1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._.阅读理解“she was lost in her book.”“he couldnt put the book down.”“i was on the edge of my seat.”these are all common phrases that we may use to describe the experience we have when we read books.in the middle of a good book,we may feel as though we have left the real world behind.so how do our minds use the letters on the page to let us step into the shoes of our favorite characters and experience the events in a story?recent studies show that the reason is because our minds really do pretend that we are actually participating in the story.just like a flight simulator(模拟器) allows training pilots to practice flying a plane,stories seem to be a life simulator,allowing our minds to pretend they are doing all sorts of interesting activities.let us take a look at some of these studies.in one set of studies,scientists presented the participants in their study with sentences like “the man saw the bird in the sky”and “the man saw the bird in the nest.”participants in the study would read the sentences on a computer screen,and would then see an image on the screen that either matched or did not match the sentences.people would click a button faster when the sentence and image matched than when they did not match.notice that there is nothing in the sentence that tells the participants in the study how the bird should lookboth sentences simply say,“the bird”.so,when people are faster to respond to the matching image,we can conclude it is because of perceptual(感觉的) simulation.in new research,scientists are also beginning to find that difficulty creating these mental simulations is related to difficulty understanding and following stories that are longer and more detailed.so,for some children,not being able to see the stories in their minds may make it harder for them to keep track of everything that is going on and where,when and why it is going on.this means that this research is important,not only because it tells us something interesting about how our minds work but also because the findings could someday help teachers and parents find new ways to help children who are having difficulty with reading.1.according to paragraph 1,readers are likely to .a.get lost in a bookb.forget what they have readc.have difficulty keeping readingd.get different feelings from the same book2.a flight simulator is mentioned to .a.show the advantages of readingb.explain how to read more efficientlyc.show the differences between reading and flyingd.explain what happens in our minds while reading3.what can we infer from the studies mentioned in paragraph 3?a.readers are good at matching.b.readers prefer images to words.c.readers are usually very imaginative.d.readers create mental images while reading.4.the research findings mentioned in the text may help .a.people read carefully for detailsb.people read short articles quicklyc.those who find it difficult to readd.those who show no interest in readingimagine this scene: its blowing outside, and you snuggle (蜷伏) up on the sofa under a warm quilt, chatting and recalling with your closest friends.that content, cosy feeling has a name in danish hygge. and, as denmark recently won the title of “the happiest country in the world”, the concept of hygge is known to more and more people interested in finding ways to understand this concept.hygge originally from a norwegian word meaning well-being doesnt have an exact equivalent (等同物) in english. its often translated as coziness, or as blogger anna west told the bbc, “coziness of the soul”. but, as professor maren spark explains, “hygge was never meant to be translated. it was meant to be felt.”basically, hygge involves creating a warm, cosy atmosphere and enjoying it with your loved ones. danish winters are long and dark and so achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this season. a typical hygge activity during winter could be enjoying delicious homemade food and light-hearted conversation with friends preferably in the warm glow of candlelight, or maybe sipping a glass of wine in the hot tub after a day spent skiing.however, hygge isnt only limited to the cold winter months it can also describe that warm, fuzzy feeling you get after a walk through a forest with friends on summers day or a family barbecue in the park. hygge is meant to be shared.1.the author asks the readers to imagine the scene in the first paragraph to_ .a. help the readers to calm downb. introduce the topic of the passagec. present the main idea of the passaged. remind the readers of their past memories2.what do the underlined words by maren spark mean?a. the translation of the word “hygge” is not good enough.b. only danish speakers know what “hygge” means.c. “hygge” is easy to translate but hard to feel.d. we can get the true meaning of “hygge” by feeling it.3.which of the following can be best described as a “hygge” activity?a. skiing in the cold winter months.b. living through long dark winters.c. taking afternoon tea with friends.d. walking alone in the forest.4.the author writes this passage to_.a. explainb. persuadec. commentd. advertise.完形填空(2016郑州第二次质量预测)i had just started my second year studying at cambridge university when i was faced with the news i had never expected.a lump in my neck 1 out to be cancer.i would 2 six months of chemotherapy(化疗).after the shock,i was struck by this thought:my 3 didnt have any room for cancer.i had so much i wanted to 4 and so many goals i wanted to chase.i was faced with the 5 job of telling my friends and family.then,i had to decide whether to 6 in cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year.my doctor 7 against it,and so did my parents and teachers.my doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to 8 and relax would be the best thing for me.i could not think of anything 9.i did not want to 10 a year of my life,receiving pity from those around me.together with my parents,i tried to persuade the university to 11 me to stay at cambridge and study only half the course.at the end of the year i would take two exams.it was really a 12 to persuade them to agree.treatment began and i was up and down from cambridge to london every other week.it made me feel 13,but to a much lesser degree than i had expected.i was 14 to read,eat and socialize exactly as i used to.i slept a lot and rested a lot,but i also worked hard at my studies.it gave me focus,and it also gave me purpose.completing my 15 at the end of the term felt like a great personal victory.i took a 16 to continue studying while undergoing treatment,and it 17.i was successful in my examsand more 18,i made a full recovery.every person facing a disease like cancer must make the 19 that are right for them.i am 20 that i made the decision that was right for me.1.a.stuck b.camec.turnedd.worked2.a.requireb.expectc.sensed.arrange3.a.bodyb.memoriesc.familyd.dreams4.a.faceb.achievec.showd.understand5.a.necessaryb.temporaryc.difficultd.disappointing6.a.joinb.treatc.settled.continue7.a.foughtb.advisedc.actedd.decided8.a.recoverb.exercisec.studyd.play9.a.betterb.worsec.mored.less10.a.saveb.spendc.taked.miss11.a.helpb.remindc.allowd.invite12.a.struggleb.failurec.burdend.trouble13.a.tiredb.relaxedc.confidentd.nervous14.a.afraidb.readyc.abled.eager15.a.purposeb.projectsc.treatmentd.exams16.a.restb.riskc.privileged.job17.a.ended upb.passed onc.paid offd.broke out18.a.clearlyb.interestinglyc.specificallyd.importantly19.a.choicesb.changesc.effortsd.chances20.a.surprisedb.excitedc.determinedd.proud. 短文改错(2016太原一模)yesterday my friend julia and me had lunch in the pizza hut behind our school.i knew julia wasnt crazy about pizzas,but she came along just because me.at the table next to ours,there were two guys from our class.one of them was real funny.he tried to imitate all the customer in the pizza hut.we couldnt stop to laughing.and there were some people whom did not like the fact that two boys were imitating them.they complained to an owner of the pizza hut,so he came over and tell them to stop.seeing it,julia and i was greatly embarrassed.考点规范练(必修5unit 1)本文讲述的是susan和larry开车去度假的途中讨论是否停车用餐的一段对话。1should表示推测，且可能性较大，所以用情态动词should表“应该”。2can一般疑问句，表示“我们能不能先停下来吃一些东西？”，所以用can。3cant根据句子结构得知在主语后，谓语前，而且谓语是动词原形，根据意思“不能”忍受，所以用cant。4werent根据前面的are，可知是现在时的虚拟且根据句意用werent。5would be flying根据前面的are，知是现在进行时的虚拟，所以用would be flying。6couldnt根据前文werent知是现在时的虚拟，所以用couldnt。7can根据上下文的意思“你能够”，所以用can。8will根据意思“如果我们这样做，将会”，所以用will。9should根据句子结构得知在主语后，谓语前，而且谓语是动词原形，根据意思“我认为我们应该”，所以用should。10might根据句子结构得知在主语后，谓语前，而且谓语是动词原形，根据意思“我想我可能有些你喜欢的糖”表猜测，可能性不太大，所以用might。.【解题导语】本文是说明文。研究表明,人们在阅读时大脑会假装正在参与书中的活动。1.a细节理解题。由第一段开头的三个句子及段末的“.we may feel as though we have left the real world behind.”可知,读者有可能沉迷于一本书中。2.d推理判断题。由第二段中的“just like a flight simulator(模拟器) allows training pilots to practice flying a eresting activities.”可知,作者用飞行模拟器解释人们在阅读时大脑如何运作。3.d推理判断题。由第三段末的“.when people are faster to respond to the matching image,we can conclude it is because of perceptual simulation.”可推断,读者在阅读时,大脑会模拟书中的情景,使人有身临其境的感觉,即读者阅读时会根据书中的内容形成心智图像。4.c细节理解题。由文章末的“.the findings could someday help teachers and parents find new ways to help children who are having difficulty with reading.”可知。【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，举例说明丹麦语hygge只可意会不可言传，需要用心去感受。1.b 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段首句“that content, cosy feeling has a name in danish hygge.”可知，作者让读者想想这样舒适的场景就是为了引出hygge这一话题。2.d 【解析】推理判断题。根据画线部分前的“doesnt have an exact equivalent in english.”可知，画线部分的意思是hygge只可意会不可言传。4.a 【解析】写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，文章通过举例说明hygge只可意会不可言传，所以本文是为了解释丹麦语hygge的意思。.【解题导语】本文为记叙文。“我”在剑桥大学读书期间患上了癌症,医生和老师都建议“我”休学治疗,但是“我”坚持边上学边治疗,最后“我”不仅顺利通过了考试,也完全康复了。1.c根据后面的out to be cancer可知,“我”脖子上的肿块原来是癌症;turn out to be为固定搭配,意为“结果是,证明是”。2.a根据上句可知,“我”脖子上的肿块是癌症;因此,“我”需要化疗。require意为“需要”,符合语境。3.d根据后面的“i had so much.i wanted to chase.”可知,“我”有许多梦想(dreams)要实现(achieve),有许多目标要追寻,“我”的梦想里没有什么空间可以放得下癌症,故d项正确。4.b参照第3题解析。5.c根据后面的“job of telling my friends and family”并结合语境可知,“我”患上癌症,将这个消息告诉朋友和家人是一件困难的(difficult)事。6.d根据后面的“.take five exams at the end of the year.”可知,此处表示这时“我”要决定是否要继续(continue)在剑桥的学业。7.b医生建议(advised)“我”不要继续读书。8.a医生和老师都认为休学对于“我”的康复(recover)和休息是最好的选择。9.b根据语境可以判断,“我”很想留在剑桥继续上学,故此处表示“我”想不到比休学更糟的(worse)事情了。10.d根据语境及后面的“receiving pity”可知,医生建议“我”休学,而“我”不想失去(miss)一年的大学时光。11.c“我”努力说服学校同意(allow)“我”继续留在剑桥读书。allow sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“允许某人做某事”,故c项正确。12.a根据后面的“to persuade them to agree”可以判断,说服学校接受“我”继续读书是一件难事(struggle)。13.a根据上句中的“.i was up and down from cambridge to london every othe