高考英语一轮复习 题型组合练习（4）（含解析）.doc

2019高考英语一轮题型组合练习（4）及答案李仕才一、阅读理解。aa new “smart bin” could mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling.the invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate. it is being trialed in poland and is set to go on sale in uk within a few years.the bin, designed by start-up company bin.e, recognizes different type of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors, image recognition and artificial intelligence. once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensor identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. then it compresses the waste so it occupies less space.it is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as john lewis, which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins. matt thomas, a buyer at john lewis, gave us the reason, “weve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone. we have noticed our customers are becoming more and more focused on sustainability. in response to this demand, we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn/winter season-designed to make recycling more efficient and functional for the everyday home.bin. es official release on the market will take place in 2018. however, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available. the office bin will sell at 430 while customers will need to pay a 107 subscription fee for an accompanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services. a spokesman at bin. e said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment.they added: “after the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version. we decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating system than in our homes.”1.what do we know about about a new “smart bin” from the first paragraph?a. it works automatically.b. it has been used widely.c. it is easy to operate.d. it is very expensive.2.what does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?a. the waste.b. the camera.c. the bin.d. the sensor.3.why is john lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins?a. to change peoples behaviour,b. to satisfy increasing demands.c. to popularize new technology.d. to make them more famous.4.where will the first version of new “smart bin” be used according to bin. es official?a. at home.b. in the supermarket.c. in the open air.d. in the office.【文章大意】本文介绍了一款可以智能分类垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。并对它的设计，市场应用进行了介绍。2.c 【解析】词义猜测题。根据上段the invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate这项发明可以帮助垃圾分类，可知it指代the smart bin，故选c。 4.d 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章however, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available.最初只有一个为办公室设计的更大胆版本才可以使用。可知最初是在办公室使用，故选d。bin many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who dont. about 65% of american men aged 6274 with a professional degree are in the workforce(劳动人口), compared with 32% of men who only finish high school. this gap is part of a deepening divide between the welleducated wealthy and the unskilled poor. rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. the consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.the world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. the experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift(变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling(渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.policies are partly responsible. many european governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. but the changing nature of work also plays a big role. pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap(获得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding(先前的) generation. technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了在发达国家有专业技能的人的工作年限更长及其原因分析。1what is the common phenomenon in the workforce in rich countries?ayounger people are replacing the elderly.bwelleducated people tend to work longer.cpeople with no college degree cannot find any job.dunemployment rates are decreasing year after year.b解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“in many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who dont.”可知，在发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选b。2in view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that aeconomic growth will slow downbgovernment budgets will decreasecmore people will try to receive higher educationdthere will be more competition in the job marketa解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“the experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) . pensioners will create government budget problems.”可知，选a。3according to the text, what is the result of policy changes in european countries?aunskilled workers may choose to retire early.bmore and more people have to go abroad to hunt for jobs.cpeople may be able to use computers to do more complicated work.deven wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.d解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选d。4the underlined word “knowhow” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”aa completely different environmentbpractical knowledge and technical skillsca better understanding of policy changesdthe courage to face difficulties and dangersb解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.”可知，knowhow是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，knowhow指相应的技能和知识，故选b。二、七选五。4 key strategies for running to lose weightas one of the most active exercises out there, running is an extremely efficient way to burn calories and lose weight. a 150-pound person will burn approximately 100 calories per mile when running. 1 1. healthy eating is the first stepif you want to lose weight by running, keep in mind that youll only lose pounds if you burn more calories than you consume. to lose a pound, you have to burn, through exercise or life functions, about 3500 calories. 2 runners do have special nutrition needs, but the basic principles for healthy eating still apply. try choosing smaller portions of high-fat and high-calorie foods and eating more whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.2. follow a training schedulesticking to a training schedule is a simple way to stay motivated to run. 3 so its much harder to postpone or skip workouts. following a schedule can also help you avoid a running injury by not increasing your mileage too quickly.3. run regularlyif you dont want to follow a schedule, you still need to have some consistency with your running because you wont lose weight by running once a week. its best to get some activity every day. 4 if you find that your motivation to run is suffering, follow some necessary tips to get inspired.4. 5 incorporating speed work or interval training (running at a very fast speed for short intervals of time) into your running routine can also help your weight loss efforts. speed work burns a great amount of calories in a short period of time. youll also increase your muscle mass, causing you to burn more calories throughout the day.a. keep it challengingb. eat for performancec. youll know exactly what you need to do every day and each run builds on the next.d. so youll need to combine running with a healthy diet.e. if youre hoping to use running to lose weight, heres some advice on how to be successful.f. here are ways to improve your running motivation.g. but if thats not possible, try to shoot for at least 34 times per week.【语篇解读】跑步是很好的减肥的方法，但是怎样才是正确的跑步方法，文章给出一些建议。1.e 【解析】根据上文a 150-pound person will burn approximately 100 calories per mile when running.150磅的人跑步的时候大约燃烧100卡路里。可知这里是：如果你想通过跑步减肥，这里有些关于怎么成功的建议。故选e。2.d 【解析】根据下文runners do have special nutrition needs, but the basic principles for healthy eating still apply.可知这里是：你需要将跑步和健康饮食结合起来。故选d。3.c 【解析】根据上文sticking to a training schedule is a simple way to stay motivated to run.可知这里是：你将知道你每天要做什么，每次跑步给下一次奠定基础。故选c。4.g 【解析】根据上文its best to get some activity every day.可知这里是：如果那样不可能，每周至少锻炼三四次。故选g。5.a 【解析】根据下文incorporating speed work or interval training可知这里是：要保持有一定挑战。故选a。三、短文改错。most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.however, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the pressure.last week the entertainment department of our student union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.our class chose a story setting in world war ，that showed the preciousness of peace.i think this process was a good lesson that taught to me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.now i am determined than ever to treasure everything i have and fight for my future.【答案】most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless .however, some activities indeed contribute to the pressure.last week the entertainment department of our student union organized activity in which each class a short movie.our class chose a story in world war ， showed the preciousness of peace.i think this process was a good lesson that taught me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.now i am determined than ever to treasure everything i have and fight for my future.第一处：homeworkshomework。考查名词。homework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。 第二处：interestedinteresting。考查形容词。interesting修饰物，意为“有趣的”；根据该句中的名词activities可知答案；interested修饰人，意为“感兴趣的”。第三处：reducereducing。考查动名词。该句中短语“contribute to”中的to为介词，后接动名词。第四处：thean。考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一次活动”，故用不定冠词。第五处：shootshot。考查动词的时态。根据该句的时间状语“last week”可知，该句陈述的事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。第六处：settingset。考查过去分词。a story和set之间为动宾关系，表示“以二战为背景的故事”，故用过去分词作后置定语。第七处：thatwhich。考查关系代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的a story，在从句中作主语，故用which。第八处：删除to。考查固定用法。teach为及物动词，后直接加宾语，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.为固定用法，意为“教某人”。第九处：or改为and。考查连词。该处表示在学习和放松之间取得平衡。between.and.意为“在和之间”。第十处：在am后加more。考查比较级。根据该句中的than可知，该处应用比较级。四。书面表达。应用文写作假如你是李华。你的美国网友peter来信询问你校学生社团的开展情况。请你给他写封回信，要点包括：1.学生社团简介；2.特色学生社团。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。dear peter,i am writing to make a brief introduction to the student societies in our school, in which you show interest in your letter._what about the student societies in your school? i am expecting to exchange more with you in the future.yours,li hua【参考范文】dear peter,i am writing to make a brief introduction to the student societies in our school, in which you show interest in your letter.the student societies in our school come in many varieties. first of all, there are societies where we develop our hobbies and interests, and broaden our horizons. whats m